A new study has identified a tool to detect signs of autism in high-risk infants with TSC, a genetic disorder. The Autism Observation Scale for Infants (AOSI) was found to be a useful clinical tool in determining which infants are at increased risk of developing ASD.
A new study reveals that non-adherence to medication regimens significantly increases healthcare costs in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Adhering to prescribed medication can help reduce costs and improve health outcomes.
Scientists have successfully grown human embryonic colons in a laboratory using pluripotent stem cells, providing unprecedented detail for studying GI diseases. The technology also holds potential for generating human gastrointestinal tract tissues for transplantation into patients.
Researchers bioengineered human liver tissues that exhibit previously unknown genetic-molecular crosstalk controlling developmental processes. The study reveals key communication between signaling proteins and receptors that instruct the development of liver tissues.
Scientists identify a new gene essential to the fusion of muscle stem cells and form functioning skeletal muscle tissues. The study's findings provide new avenues for cell therapy approaches in regenerative medicine.
A new study published in PLOS ONE found that engaging with children while reading books gives their brain a cognitive boost. The study shows that 'dialogic reading,' where the child is encouraged to actively participate, can improve literacy skills and comprehension.
A new treatment modality called PPCA has been discovered that targets the DNA damage in rapidly expanding T cells, reducing autoimmune damage in mouse models of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) and multiple sclerosis (MS). The therapy, which leverages p53 potentiation with checkpoint abrogation, selectively interrupts DNA damag...
Vaccinating pregnant mothers year-round against flu in Nepal reduced infant flu virus infection rates by an average of 30 percent, increasing birth weights by 15 percent. The study also found that expanding year-round flu vaccinations during pregnancy would benefit children in other tropical and subtropical parts of the world.
Researchers found that mice lacking Bax/Bak genes failed to develop sophisticated neural circuits, leading to impaired skilled movements. The study suggests testing individuals with motor development disabilities for mutant forms of the same genes.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center found that genetic dysfunction disrupts the balanced production of Schwann cells in peripheral nerves. This imbalance leads to nerve insulation defects and can cause conditions like neuropathy and nerve sheath tumors.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center discovered a small molecular compound, RCM-1, that blocks the transcription factor FOXM1 and its pro-inflammatory activity in asthma. The compound prevented overproduction of mucous-generating goblet cells and reduced lung inflammation.
A study by Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and San Diego State University found that children carry high levels of nicotine on their hands even when no one is actively smoking around them. This exposure is associated with various health problems, including respiratory issues and asthma attacks.
Researchers have restored nerve insulation and improved limb mobility in mice with multiple sclerosis by treating them with a microRNA called miR-219. The treatment reinvigorated the function of damaged cells that produce myelin, allowing it to reform and reinsulate nerves.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center identify two signaling proteins, c-Fos and Dusp1, that make cancer cells resistant to chemotherapy. Blocking these proteins along with chemotherapy eliminates human leukemia in mouse models, suggesting a possible cure for certain types of kinase-driven cancers.
Researchers found that intestinal stem cells lose regenerative capacity with age and that reactivating Wnt signaling can restore healthy function in older people. The study suggests a possible therapeutic approach to address imbalances in food and nutrient absorption, which may be linked to diminished Wnt signaling.
Researchers discovered a molecular signaling receptor, type I Interferon receptor (IFNAR), that fuels production of pro-inflammatory cytokines during secondary inflammatory challenge, inducing preterm birth. Testing in mouse models and human tissues found that genetic deletion or inhibition of IFNAR prevents preterm birth.
Researchers propose a new therapy for Gaucher disease by blocking the molecule C5aR1, which drives inflammation and organ damage. The treatment may offer fewer risks and lower costs than current therapies.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center successfully treated patients with deadly, treatment-resistant blood cancers using gene-guided therapy. The targeted approach identified specific genes fueling the diseases and prescribed molecular drugs to put them into remission.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center have discovered that traumatic brain injuries can lead to persistent attention problems in children, with severe injuries five times more likely to develop secondary ADHD. The study also shows that effective parenting and optimal home environments can mitigate these effects.
A new study reveals that routine antibiotic use in newborns can disrupt gut bacteria, leading to pneumonia and immune system damage. The consequences of this disruption may be permanent, affecting lung defenses for life.
Researchers successfully grew functional human stomach and intestinal tissues using pluripotent stem cells, enabling the study of diseases such as gastric cancer. The discovery allows for the modeling of new treatments and understanding of human development and health.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center found that overexpression of TRAF6 in hematopoietic stem cells drives the onset of myelodysplasia syndromes, a group of pre-malignant disorders leading to blood cancer if untreated. Potential treatment targets for MDS include TRAF6 and related proteins.
Researchers from Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center identify novel targets and molecular pathways for IPF, which inflames and scars lung tissues. Analysis of single-cell RNA sequence data reveals genetic markers linked to abnormal cell formation and loss of normal genetic control systems.
Researchers successfully engineered human intestines with functioning nerves using pluripotent stem cells, enabling the study of severe intestinal nerve disorder Hirschsprung's disease. The technology also allows for testing new therapeutics in lab-engineered human intestine before clinical trials.
A multinational study found that nearly one-fourth of children admitted to pediatric intensive care units worldwide develop acute kidney injury (AKI), which increases the risk of death. The study also revealed that severe AKI is associated with an increased need for mechanical ventilation and renal replacement therapy, highlighting the...
A study published in Pediatrics found that oral antibiotics are as effective as intravenous therapy in managing residual disease in children with complex pneumonia. This approach avoids the risk of infection and medical complications associated with PICC lines, providing a safer care option for families.
A new study uses machine learning algorithms to classify patients into one of three groups: suicidal, mentally ill but not suicidal, or neither. The tool achieved up to 93% accuracy in identifying suicidal behavior and has the potential to support clinicians and caregivers in suicide prevention.
A study published in The New England Journal of Medicine found that commonly prescribed preventive medicines for pediatric migraines are no more effective than a sugar pill. Instead, a multi-disciplinary approach and the expectation of response may be key to preventing headaches in children and teens.
Researchers discovered a network of proteins often linked to cancer plays a crucial role in male fertility and the birth of healthy offspring. The study, published in Cell Reports, sheds light on the precise epigenetic regulation of sex chromosomes and their impact on germline cells that produce male sperm.
A phase 3 study found that the drug everolimus significantly reduces seizure frequency in patients with treatment-resistant epilepsy and TSC. Nearly half of patients had failed previous antiepileptic drugs before participating in the study.
A new study by Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center reveals that 30% of transgender youth have attempted a suicide, while nearly 42% report self-injury. The study highlights the need for mental health providers to be aware of these challenges and provides further evidence on the at-risk nature of transgender youth.
Developing blood cells are caught in fluctuating multi-lineage states before becoming specific cell types, according to a study published in Nature. The research team found that dynamic instability and counteracting gene networks induce mixed-lineage states necessary for cell-type specification.
A study published in the Maternal and Child Health Journal found that abnormalities in interval between pregnancies, body mass index prior to pregnancy, and weight gain during pregnancy may contribute to up to 25% of preterm births. Modifying these risk factors could significantly reduce premature birth rates worldwide.
A study published by Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center reveals the molecular pathways responsible for heart anomalies in sickle cell anemia. The research opens a path to non-invasive diagnosis and development of new targeted therapies, aiming to improve quality of life and reduce mortality among SCA patients.
A new study finds that a child's home address can identify families at risk of severe asthma due to socioeconomic hardships. The address is linked to zip code and census data to target resource allocation.
A new web-based software program helps reduce ADHD behavioral symptoms in children by coordinating care and ensuring patients get effective ADHD medications. This improvement leads to better treatment outcomes, with children treated by pediatricians using the technology experiencing significantly less ADHD symptoms than those without it.
Researchers found that metformin reversed early cellular aging, causing increased sestrin 2 levels and AMPK activity, which led to full-term births in mice. The study provides new clues into the molecular pathway of preterm birth and suggests a potential safer alternative to rapamycin for preventing premature birth.
Children born with heart disease have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes after age 30, according to a new study. Those with cyanotic congenital heart disease face the highest risk. The incidence of diabetes by age 45 was significantly higher in CHD subjects compared to the general population.
A Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center study found that Zyprexa (olanzapine) is linked to the highest risk of weight gain, while Geodon (ziprasidone) and Seroquel (quetiapine) were not associated with an increase in body mass index. The study suggests balancing treatment risks and benefits for children and teens with ASD.
A new web-based database, AERSMine, has been developed to analyze clinical responses of over 5 million patients to FDA-approved drugs. The tool identifies unexpected benefits and harm, as well as alternative treatment choices for individual patients.
A new study reveals a significant gap between reported smoking during pregnancy and actual nicotine exposure, with 16.5% of women experiencing high-level nicotine exposure and 7.5% low-level exposure. The study highlights the importance of targeted public health efforts to decrease tobacco use among pregnant minority women.
A study published in Cell Reports has found that inhibiting the enzyme cdk4 can prevent and reverse the initial stage of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center used two FDA-approved drugs to inhibit cdk4, significantly reducing hepatic steatosis in mouse models.
Researchers found that targeted intervention with WIC collaboration significantly improved follow-up rates and age at hearing diagnosis for low-income mothers' newborns. The study reduced loss to follow-up rates by 71% and diagnosed hearing issues earlier, leading to better speech, language, and reading outcomes.
Researchers found that wearing a compression collar around the neck may prevent or reduce the effects of head collisions in sports. The Q-Collar device increases brain blood volume, reducing energy absorbed by the brain during collisions.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center found significant changes in total brain gray matter volume and specific brain regions in teenagers with type 2 diabetes. These changes are associated with reduced cognitive abilities, particularly in pronunciation and language skills.
Researchers have identified a new therapeutic approach to prevent renal damage in cardiorenal syndrome type 2 (CRS2), a condition that causes chronic kidney disease secondary to heart failure. By inhibiting G protein-coupled receptors, the study found that renal function can be protected.
A study by Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center found that a high percentage of children and young adults with migraines have mild deficiencies in vitamins D, riboflavin, and coenzyme Q10. These deficiencies may be involved in migraine development, but it is unclear whether supplementation would help prevent the condition.
Researchers found that 30% of induced pluripotent stem cells were genetically unstable and not safe for clinical use. Despite this, a large set of iPSCs met quality standards, and the study established an online database to support further research.
Researchers developed a predictive model that uses patient-specific stem cells and genetic data to forecast heart defect types in pediatric patients. The model was tested on human cardiomyocyte cells from patients with specific mutations, achieving accurate predictions of hypertrophic or dilated cardiomyopathy.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center have identified elevated levels of eosinophil progenitor cells in the blood of pediatric patients with active EoE disease. This finding suggests a potential non-invasive biomarker for monitoring disease activity and reducing discomfort, costs, and side effects for patients.