A pre-clinical study led by Cincinnati Children's Hospital demonstrates that barasertib reverses fibroblast activation, stopping dangerous scar tissue build-up in lungs of IPF patients. The drug targets AURKB activity, slowing disease progress and improving lung function.
A study finds that immune suppression in older adults is reversible and can be relieved by targeting a specific cell type. This breakthrough could lead to more effective flu vaccines and potentially COVID-19 vaccines, increasing protection for seniors.
A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine has found that dose escalation of hydroxyurea treatment is more effective and has similar side effects than a lower fixed dose for children with sickle cell anemia in Uganda. The findings have global implications and could impact use of hydroxyurea worldwide.
A new study reveals that the immune system works differently between a woman's first and second pregnancy, with potential implications for preventing miscarriages and preterm births. The research found that the immune pathways promoting a healthy first pregnancy are distinct from those in later pregnancies.
A study reveals that fat cells' immune response amplifies inflammation, driving obesity-related disease. Type I Interferons produced by fat cells trigger a vicious cycle of inflammation, which can worsen metabolic issues and increase the risk of diseases like type 2 diabetes and COVID-19.
A transgenic mouse model of HLH has been found to be effective in treating severe COVID-19 patients by calming the 'cytokine storm', a common feature of children battling secondary HLH. Ruxolitinib showed promising results, with 90% of patients showing CT scan improvement within 14 days.
Researchers report a new drug emapalumab has saved the lives of children with severe HLH by reducing toxicity and side effects. The study showed that 63% of previously treated patients responded to emapalumab therapy, and 74% of patients were still alive at the last observation.
Researchers developed an AI system that analyzes linguistic patterns to predict a youth's risk for committing acts of school violence. The system matches the clinical judgements and accuracy of psychiatrists 94 percent of the time, demonstrating its potential to help address youth violence at schools.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center create a new platform to study the single-cell genomics of various diseases, potentially making genetic-based diagnoses more precise and effective. The study focuses on linking gene mutations to disease-causing processes in blood diseases like severe congenital neutropenia.
Scientists at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center report development of a potential universal vaccine for Ebola viruses. The new vaccine uses glycoproteins from two Ebola virus species and has shown promise in neutralizing all four pathogenic species, generating cross-reactive responses against multiple viruses.
A new study found that reactivated HSV in trigeminal nerves of laboratory mice kills off at least a portion of sensory neurons. Antiviral drugs like acyclovir can prevent this outcome, suggesting a potential strategy for preventing neurodegeneration related to HSV reactivation.
Scientists have discovered a complex biological process in premature lungs that stimulates production of immune cells, which can help fight respiratory infections. The findings could lead to new treatments for premature infants, who are vulnerable to lifelong respiratory illnesses.
A new study found significant early childhood exposure to traffic-related air pollution is associated with reduced gray matter volume and cortical thickness by age 12. Researchers estimated exposure using an air sampling network and used magnetic resonance imaging to obtain anatomical brain images from 147 12-year-olds.
Researchers found that light exposure regulates how two kinds of fat cells work together to produce energy. A lack of sunlight may lead to metabolic problems beyond seasonal affective disorder, with implications for human health.
A new report from Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center highlights the emotional toll of pediatric chronic conditions on families. The Roadmap Initiative, launched in 2017, provides a set of tools and resources for pediatricians to improve emotional health support, including strengths-based cognitive-behavioral therapy and mind...
A new study published in Annals of Thoracic Surgery found that many 'high-risk' donor hearts can be transplanted with similar survival rates as 'low-risk' donor hearts. The researchers, led by Dr. David Morales, used a risk-based matching system to match donors with recipients and found that the results were promising.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center discovered a new molecular process in mice that triggers T cell-driven inflammation and causes autoimmune diseases. The study found that interactions between myeloid cells and CD4-positive T cells produce excessive IL-1b, leading to auto-inflammatory diseases.
A recent study in Nature sheds new light on heart treatment controversy by showing that stem cell therapy triggers an acute inflammatory response to enhance mechanical properties of injured areas. Injecting living or dead stem cells into the heart's infarct region provides a modest benefit to heart function after a heart attack.
Biomedical researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center have developed a new rapid blood assay called PERSEVERE to detect and stratify sepsis. The test accurately predicts patient risk of death from sepsis, enabling early medical interventions with greater precision.
A new study from Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center reveals that many teenagers who undergo bariatric surgery experience low iron and B12 levels years later. Regular nutrition check-ups and supplementation can minimize these risks, emphasizing the importance of annual assessments.
A new study finds that preschool-age children with higher screen time have lower white matter integrity and lower scores on language and literacy measures. The researchers suggest that parents set appropriate limits on technology use to support healthy brain development during early childhood.
A new study by Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center suggests that the drug bortezomib may help re-balance disrupted muscle growth and prevent muscle contractures in children with brachial plexus injury or cerebral palsy. The treatment shows promise in preventing loss of elbow and shoulder motion and disrupting skeletal growth.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center identified the transcription factor activator protein 1 (AP-1) as critical to the formation of mature and fully functioning T cells. AP-1 helps open up chromatin, a twisted structure of DNA that controls cell activation.
A new study reveals that young adult women with a history of childhood maltreatment experience higher levels of pain and more frequent episodes of pain compared to their non-abused peers. The researchers suggest that addressing stress symptoms and poor coping mechanisms may help reduce the impact of childhood abuse on young adult health.
A multi-national study reveals that children of normal weight who later become severely obese are often girls or from black populations, highlighting the need for tailored monitoring and prevention efforts. The study provides a predictive tool for doctors to focus intervention on high-risk individuals.
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center will conduct clinical research into eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders, trained investigators and patient advocacy groups will participate in the Consortium of Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disease Researchers. The NIH grant renewal aims to improve understanding and treatment of chroni...
The grant will facilitate studies involving thousands of scientists and patients across the US and globally, sharing and analyzing large amounts of Big Data on rare diseases. Cincinnati Children's will serve as a centralized data storage and sharing source, learning center, and advocacy hub for the network.
A new study found that hospitals often administer medications based on practical staff scheduling rather than ideal dosing times. This can lead to undertreatment of pain and other medical conditions. Researchers are working to adjust drug administration protocols to better align with patients' needs.
Scientists at Cincinnati Children's developed the world's first three-organoid system, growing a connected set of mini human organs including liver, pancreas, and biliary ducts. The breakthrough allows for studying organ function in concert, reducing animal-based medication studies and accelerating precision medicine.
Three studies from Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center reveal a strong association between short-term air pollution exposure and exacerbations of psychiatric disorders in children, with higher risks for disadvantaged neighborhoods. The research also found links to generalized anxiety and depression in otherwise healthy children.
Scientists identified a molecular pathway that contributes to PAH's development, targeting the EYA3 protein for new therapies. Blocking this protein prevents dangerous lung artery thickening and reversal of vascular remodeling was seen in laboratory rat models.
Scientists used single-cell transcriptomics to map cell types and molecular cascades driving medulloblastoma growth. They discovered new treatment targets, including the HIPPO-YAP/TAZ pathway, which can be targeted with an FDA-approved cancer drug.
A recent study found that women with malfunctioning natural killer cells may be at a higher risk of developing placental accreta. If confirmed in humans, this discovery could lead to new preventative measures and reduce the need for fertility-ending surgeries.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center designed an AI-powered system to streamline clinical trial recruitment. The Automated Clinical Trial Eligibility Screener (ACTES) reduces patient screening time by 34 percent and improves enrollment by 11.1 percent compared to manual screening.
Researchers created a human pancreas on a chip that can mimic the human pancreas and potentially help find therapeutic measures to manage glucose imbalance in people with cystic fibrosis. The device was used to study CF-related diabetes and type 1/2 diabetes, opening new possibilities for disease research.
Researchers propose a possible cell-based therapy to stimulate lung development in fragile premature infants with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD). The study suggests using c-KIT-positive endothelial cells from donors or generating them with pluripotent stem cells as a potential treatment.
Researchers found a 14-gene signature that predicts two-year transplant-free survival in children with biliary atresia. The antioxidant N-acetyl-cysteine reduced liver injury and fibrosis, increasing survival times in mouse models.
Scientists have identified a rare genetic mutation causing a fatal respiratory disorder that affects newborns. Using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology, researchers developed a mouse model of the disease and discovered a critical link between FOXF1 mutations and STAT3 deficiency.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center develop human liver organoids that accurately mimic key features of fatal liver diseases. The study reveals molecular secrets of deadly ailments and tests a potential therapy for Wolman disease, reversing an often-fatal childhood condition.
A $30 million federal grant will accelerate the search for a universal flu vaccine that can provide longer-lasting protection. The study, which involves over 2,000 sets of mothers and infants from the US and Mexico City, aims to understand how the immune system responds to first flu virus exposures.
The Ohio Perinatal Quality Collaborative initiative improved the care of opioid-exposed infants by reducing pharmacological treatment duration and length of hospital stay. The project, which monitored 9,648 infants from 2014 to 2018, saw a decline in the proportion requiring treatment from 48% to 42%.
Scientists at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center have discovered how a rare nerve tumor works and found a potential new way to fight it. The study identifies a key protein called Merlin and its connections to other proteins in the brain, which may lead to a breakthrough in treatment.
Researchers find a long-overlooked molecular machine in the cell nucleus, the spliceosome, that produces mutant gene/protein fueling cancerous cells. Targeting this protein with existing and developing drugs may offer new treatment options for aggressive leukemia.
Scientists identified a molecular driver of glioblastoma, a highly aggressive and treatment-resistant brain cancer, by analyzing cell-by-cell genetic data. Researchers found that reprogramming primitive oligodendrocyte progenitors into stem-like cells plays a key role in glioma initiation and progression.
A new study reveals that a specific type of immune cell, known as T7 and T8 cells, are responsible for inflammation in eosinophilic esophagitis. The study's findings also raise questions about the safety of a popular dietary supplement called butyrate, which may exacerbate the condition.
A recent study published in Nature Cell Biology suggests that light therapy could be an effective treatment for premature babies' vision problems. The research discovered a molecular pathway controlled by light exposure that regulates eye development and prevents conditions like retinopathy of prematurity and myopia.
A pilot study reveals that over a third of middle school kids had abnormal blood sugar or cholesterol levels. Two students were found to have diabetes, highlighting the need for routine screening in this age group.
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center have developed a new mathematical method that enables the mapping of cell regulatory networks with significantly reduced biological material. This breakthrough may lead to better treatments for autoimmune diseases like multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, and inflammatory bowel dis...
Researchers discovered a crucial developmental period in male sperm development that enables fathers to pass on genetic information. The study found that the 3D organization of DNA in maturing male reproductive cells is necessary for fertility, with potential implications for reproductive health problems.
A Phase 1 clinical trial is underway at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center to test two experimental Ebola vaccines, ChAd3-EBO-Z and MVA-BN-Filo, for their safety and ability to produce an immune response. The trial aims to enroll up to 60 healthy volunteers between 18-45 years of age.