A research group from Brazil, Argentina, Chile, and the UK propose six criteria to mitigate the impacts of invasive species. The guidelines include a detailed survey of the situation and recommended responses such as cost-benefit analysis and intervention strategies.
A team of researchers characterized the tools used by bearded capuchin monkeys in Brazil's Serra da Capivara National Park. The study found that different activities created unique use-wear marks on the tools, allowing for identification of their purpose and usage.
A Brazilian study reveals that human activities have caused biodiversity and biomass losses in over 80% of the remaining Atlantic Rainforest fragments. The destruction corresponds to the loss of 70,000 km² of forest, worth $2.3-2.6 billion in carbon credits.
A groundbreaking study aims to create predictive models to monitor and combat epidemics of yellow fever and other mosquito-borne diseases. By analyzing factors such as deforestation, rainfall variations and non-human primate populations, researchers hope to develop models that can predict outbreaks and protect the public.
Researchers found that the black and white tegu lizard's baroreflex mechanism is more efficient at lower temperatures, relying on vascular adjustments rather than heart rate alterations. This discovery provides new insights into the physiology of ectothermic animals and paves the way for further research on novel applications.
A two-year study in Brazil found that fertilizing a grass cover crop with potassium improved cotton fiber quality, leading to higher market value. The technique also reduced production cost by optimizing operational logistics and conserving water.
Researchers found that higher lung ultrasound scores correlated with increased risk of ICU admission, intubation, and death in severe COVID-19 patients. The study used a scoring protocol covering 12 lung regions to predict patient outcomes.
Researchers developed a template-free technique to fabricate flexible cilia mimicking biological functions, with applications in transporting substances into cells or directing fluids. The cilia's motion can be controlled by a magnet, and their length can be varied from 10 to 100 microns.
A study published in PLOS ONE analyzed dream reports from 67 subjects produced during the pandemic, finding a higher prevalence of negative emotions and terms related to cleanliness and contamination. The researchers used natural language processing tools and mathematics to extract semantics, highlighting the continuity between dreams ...
Researchers developed a 10-minute COVID-19 diagnostic test using nanoparticles that can detect IgG antibodies and is priced at about 1/5 of similar devices on the market. The test costs around $5.50, or 30 Brazilian Reais, once approved by ANVISA.
A study published in Frontiers in Immunology found that Brazilians of African descent are less likely to find a donor in the National Register of Voluntary Bone Marrow Donors, with an up to 60% reduction in chances. The lack of representation and genetic diversity makes it harder for individuals with African ancestry to find compatible...
BIOinFOOD's new test uses genetically modified brewer's yeast to detect SARS-CoV-2 presence in saliva, promising high sensitivity and speed. The test is expected to be available by mid-2021 and may use red light for easy identification.
Researchers found that melatonin synthesized in the lungs acts as a barrier against SARS-CoV-2, preventing expression of genes that encode proteins in cells serving as viral entry points. The hormone also inhibits immune response to allow virus to remain in respiratory tract for a few days.
A Brazilian study found that children born to obese mothers are more prone to developing metabolic disease due to a lack of the Mfn2 protein in their mother's eggs. This protein regulates mitochondrial function and energy production, leading to abnormal mitochondria shape and dysfunction.
Researchers found that scorpion venom triggers a systemic neuroimmune reaction leading to pulmonary edema and cardiac alterations. Administration of corticosteroids, such as dexamethasone, can quickly inhibit the inflammatory process and prevent death in mice.
Brazilian researchers estimate a 35% reduction in physical activity and a 28% increase in sedentary behavior during the initial months of pandemic confinement. This could result in an annual increase of over 11 million new cases of type 2 diabetes and more than 1.7 million deaths.
A study by São Paulo State University reveals that large fruit-eating mammals like peccaries and tapirs increase soil nitrogen levels, making areas more fertile for plants. This boosts plant growth, supporting the ecosystem, particularly in tropical forests.
Analysis of upward flashes suggests a possible explanation for the formation of luminous structures after electrical discharges split in the atmosphere. The study found that a low-luminosity discharge with a structure resembling a paintbrush may change direction, split in two, and define the path of the lightning flash.
Researchers associate the enzyme LMWPTP with chemotherapy resistance, metastasis, and autoimmune diseases. Inhibiting this protein phosphatase could lead to novel monitoring and treatment opportunities for cancer and other diseases.
Researchers have deciphered the structure of a protein found in parasites that cause elephantiasis and cutaneous leishmaniasis, enabling the search for more potent molecules capable of directly destroying pathogens. The study aims to reduce or avoid adverse side effects of current treatments.
A novel method identifies areas most suitable for the conservation of the endangered black lion tamarin, considering both climate and landscape factors. The study used modeling to pinpoint areas with suitable forest cover and climate, indicating a need for targeted strategies in forest restoration to connect fragmented habitats.
Researchers found that acute intervention in epigenetic mechanisms produces antidepressant-like effects more rapidly than conventional drugs. The study used epigenetic modulators to 'erase' the damage done by stress to neuroplasticity, showing a potential faster route to treating depression.
Researchers developed a novel spectroelectrochemical cell to study electrolyte behavior, improve fuel cell performance, and analyze catalyst efficiency. The device can perform in situ infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray absorption/diffraction analysis.
A Brazilian researcher conducted an experimental study of electron-plasma interactions, simulating plasma conditions in a vacuum using short electromagnetic waves. The study found that electrons transfer energy to the wave and then receive energy from it, with non-linear effects occurring at high electric current values.
Researchers have discovered that scorpion venom molecule VmCT1 is effective against all three stages of the parasite that causes Chagas disease. Novel analogs with arginine substitutions displayed enhanced biological activity and better selectivity, offering new prospects for treatment.
A recent study by Brazilian researcher Emmanuel Albuquerque de Souza shows that maresin and resolvin produced from omega-3 fatty acids can stimulate periodontal ligament stem cells even in the presence of inflammation. This finding has significant implications for regenerative therapy in treating periodontal disease.
Researchers at UNICAMP conducted over 120 experiments to model Mars' long, slow-moving barchan dunes. They identified five basic types of interaction between the dunes, including chasing and merging mechanisms.
Researchers found a drug used to treat pulmonary hypertension significantly reduced tumor cell migration and invasion, and showed promise in slowing breast cancer progression. The study aims to conduct clinical trials with patients undergoing chemotherapy to further investigate the treatment's effectiveness.
Researchers developed a wearable device called Biomechanics Sensor Node that captures user data and controls virtual environments. The system stimulates sensory systems, especially sight and hearing, to intensify central nervous system information input and output.
Researchers at São Paulo State University developed a biodegradable film for food packaging made from bacterial cellulose scraps and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. The product outperforms traditional films, with improved mechanical strength and reduced water vapor permeability.
Researchers found that some caterpillars have bodies covered with molecules identical to those of the plants they inhabit, making them 'invisible' to ants. Others produce a caloric reward for ants to coexist, demonstrating a form of chemical mimicry and potential adaptive advantage.
The study found that black people and women were the most affected by the pandemic, with three informal workers losing jobs for every one formal worker terminated. The emergency aid program had a limited impact, mainly benefiting large employers and those on minimum wage, but failed to cover small and medium enterprises.
The FAPESP COVID-19 Research Webinars will address manufacturing and distribution logistics of the COVID-19 vaccine portfolio. The event features expert speakers from leading institutions, including Tiago Rocca, Margareth Dalcolmo, and Prashant Yadav.
Researchers discovered that melatonin may regulate gene expression and intensify tumor suppressor genes, leading to increased tumor cell death and reduced proliferation. The study identified target genes for melatonin, which could guide personalized therapies for breast cancer patients.
Researchers found that red propolis extract was more effective in reducing parasite load and killing helminths than the only available drug, praziquantel. Red propolis also blocked reproduction and oviposition, making it a promising alternative treatment for schistosomiasis.
Regular aerobic exercise increases DICER expression, combating the harmful effects of aging and obesity on metabolism. This leads to improved energy consumption efficiency, enhanced muscle performance, and reduced body weight and visceral fat.
Research by Brazilian scientists reveals that as trees grow faster, their lives get shorter, offsetting carbon storage. This trade-off impacts forest carbon uptake and highlights the need for more effective climate change mitigation strategies.
A team of Brazilian and French researchers has developed hydrogels based on modified starch for use as 'ink' in 3D printing of foods. The gels have optimal printability, allowing for the creation of customized food products with desired shapes, textures and flavors.
A new drug, originally developed to treat bacterial infections, has shown the capacity to increase cell energy expenditure and reduce weight gain in mice fed a high-fat diet. The treatment works by reprogramming white adipose tissue cells to behave like brown adipose tissue, burning calories to generate heat.
Researchers identify succinate as a key molecule released by muscle cells during exercise, triggering tissue remodeling and increased strength. The study found that succinate levels rise in muscle fibers and interstitial spaces after exercise, leading to improved metabolic efficiency and enhanced athletic performance.
Researchers found that inflammasomes, a type of immune cell complex, are activated in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, leading to excessive inflammation and potentially life-threatening complications. The study provides new insights into the disease's progression and suggests potential therapeutic targets.
Researchers found nine genes in mako sharks that relate to tumor suppression and wound healing, surprising given the low incidence of cancer in these animals. The study also suggests that mako sharks may have monochrome vision, a common trait among all shark species.
A study published in Science Advances reveals that young Brazilians are becoming more interested in environmental and scientific topics as they begin high school. However, the level of interest varies by region, with students from the North being more enthusiastic about learning about local wildlife and biodiversity.
A study found that topography, rather than vegetation, is the main factor leading to genetic diversity of Bokermannohyla ibitiguara, a tree frog endemic to the Serra da Canastra mountain range. The flatter terrain allows for greater dispersal and increased genetic diversity.
Researchers found that SARS-CoV-2 infects fat cells and alters the quantity of signaling molecules released into the bloodstream. Adipocytes release more exosomes containing inflammatory factors, which may contribute to damage in organs such as the heart, lungs, and nervous system.
A Brazilian company developed a plastic film that eliminates 79.9% of SARS-CoV-2 particles in three minutes and 99.99% in up to 15 minutes, making it a promising material for food packaging protection against the novel coronavirus. The film contains silver and silica nanoparticles and has been successfully tested in laboratory settings.
A study by a cross-border team of researchers confirms that biofuels can contribute significantly to mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. The study highlights the potential of switchgrass cultivation for cellulosic ethanol production as comparable to reforestation and grassland restoration on a per-hectare basis.
Researchers identified a non-hereditary mutation in blood cells from a patient with GATA2 deficiency that may have prevented bone marrow failure and other clinical manifestations. The mutation acted as a kind of natural gene therapy, protecting the patient from developing typical symptoms.
Researchers have discovered the three-dimensional structure of Nef-CD4 and AP-2, providing a basis for developing anti-HIV therapies. This finding highlights Nef's crucial role in subverting human cells' defense mechanisms, enabling HIV replication and disease progression.
Researchers at University of São Paulo and University of Pennsylvania conducted clinical trials on monoclonal antibody eculizumab and experimental drug AMY-101, showing promising results in accelerating recovery from severe COVID-19. The studies found that inhibiting the complement system reduced inflammation and improved lung function.