Articles tagged with Metaanalysis
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new meta-analysis of available literature on ALS disease has identified a group of seven environmental chemicals as correlates with increased risk of developing ALS. Exposure to these chemicals, including BMAA and heavy metals, may be contributing to the disease burden in certain regions.
A meta-analysis of 4280 samples found cell phone use associated with reduced sperm motility, viability, and concentration. The study suggests male users should limit daily cell phone use to protect their fertility.
A systematic review of 43,000 participants found cannabis use leads to acute cognitive impairments that persist beyond intoxication. Cannabis intoxication impairs areas including concentration and memory, with potential consequences for daily life, education, and work performance.
A meta-analysis published in The Lancet Oncology reveals that men with intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer experience improved overall survival with the addition of hormone therapy to radiotherapy. The study found prolonged adjuvant hormone therapy benefits men, while neoadjuvant hormone therapy did not.
A team from UNIGE analyzed over 200 scientific articles on 'nudge' strategies, classifying them into three groups: information, structure, and assistance. They found that techniques in the second group ('structure') are the most effective, particularly in influencing food choices.
Aspirin use in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease should be individualized based on benefit-to-risk assessment, not age. The authors' updated meta-analysis shows a 13% reduction in cardiovascular disease with similar benefits at older ages.
Researchers from Hiroshima University analyzed 839 collections of genetic material to identify common features of oxidative stress. They found two genes, CRIP1 and CRIP3, downregulated during oxidative stress, suggesting a relationship with zinc homeostasis. The study also identified shared biological processes between the two types of...
Researchers found that adapted D-dimer thresholds are safe and efficient for ruling out acute pulmonary embolism, even in high-risk patient subgroups. Strategies with adapted thresholds have up to 3-fold increased efficiency, but also higher predicted failure rates.
A meta-analysis of trials on digital interventions for depression found that computer- and smartphone-based treatments are effective but require human support to achieve outcomes similar to face-to-face therapy. The study also highlights the potential role of AI and wearable devices in preventing mental illness.
A new meta-analysis published in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology suggests that Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors can improve outcomes for heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction. The medication has been shown to reduce the risk of death from heart-related causes and hospitalization by 22%.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 18 clinical trials found that prevention programs may be effective in reducing teen dating physical violence. However, the evidence for reducing sexual violence among adolescents is still inconclusive.
Research from the University of Vienna found that athletes with a pre-performance routine outperform those without, regardless of sport task complexity or athlete age/gender. A meta-analysis of 800 athletes across 15 sports revealed significant performance improvements after learning and applying a PPR.
A review of 68 studies examining COVID-19 outcomes reveals disparities among patients from diverse racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic backgrounds. The analysis found significant variations in health outcomes, hospitalization rates, and mortality across different demographic groups.
A meta-analysis of 43 studies on acculturation and alcohol use among immigrant youth found a statistically significant relationship among the Latinx population. The researchers discovered that length of residence in the US had the strongest correlation to alcohol use, followed by language proficiency and generational status.
A major global study found that the risk of breast cancer spreading to other parts of the body ranges from 6% to 22%. Younger women and those diagnosed with larger tumours face a higher risk. The study also sheds light on how many people develop advanced breast cancer, a gap in knowledge until now.
A new review suggests zinc can reduce the duration of acute viral respiratory tract infections like the common cold and flu. Zinc use has also been linked to reducing symptom severity, particularly during peak illness days.
A review and meta-analysis of 17 studies found a significant increase in cannabis vaping among adolescents in the US and Canada. The study reported nearly 200,000 participants, with a doubling of reported vaping prevalence over the eight-year period.
A new study found that people with autism spectrum disorder are at a substantially increased risk of self-injury and suicide, with odds over three times higher than in non-autistic individuals. The study identified 31 studies showing statistically significant positive associations between ASD and self-harm.
A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials found lactoferrin to have promising efficacy in reducing the risk of respiratory tract infections, including COVID-19. Lactoferrin may also play a beneficial role in managing symptoms and recovery for patients suffering from RTIs.
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to reduced influenza reporting, but vaccination and strengthened surveillance are critical for a possible resurgence. Research highlights the importance of flu vaccination and early testing for non-influenza respiratory viruses.
Researchers have discovered three new genetic variants linked to fibromuscular dysplasia, which affects women in their prime and is often associated with high blood pressure and cardiovascular complications. The study provides new insights into the disease's genetic basis and potential therapeutic targets.
Research by Karolinska Institutet suggests that longer breastfeeding and later introduction to gluten may reduce the risk of developing type 1 diabetes. The study analyzed 5,935 articles and found a significant protective effect against the disease.
A systematic review found that brief alcohol-targeted interventions delivered in doctors' offices reduce drinking by small but useful amounts. The study analyzed data from 116 trials involving 64,439 participants and found a reduction of approximately one drinking day per month.
A meta-analysis by the University of Basel found that no-till farming alone does not achieve desired results in sustainable agriculture. Retaining crop residues on fields after harvest prevails over no-till farming in promoting carbon storage, soil protection and increased yields.
A meta-analysis of tDCS studies found that applying tDCS during tasks improved reaction times, particularly in learning and memory tasks and executive function/complex attention tasks. The improvement was more pronounced in older individuals, suggesting that tDCS may increase with age.
Patients with certain gene mutations are at high risk of fatal chemotherapy toxicity, with a 25-times increased risk detected in those with uncommon DPYD variants. The study suggests that adding pre-treatment screening may help prevent avoidable deaths without interrupting standard care.
Increasing physical activity and improving fitness are superior to weight loss in reducing mortality risk and treating obesity-related health conditions. Employing a weight-neutral approach also reduces the risks associated with yo-yo dieting.
The USC Institute is launching a $3 million global consortium study to analyze brain imaging, genetics, and clinical data from 20 countries. The study aims to understand how Parkinson's disease progresses in the brain and explore genetic factors contributing to risk.
A new study reveals corals have a high ability to pass on adaptive traits, helping them cope with climate change stress. However, reducing global warming is crucial for making the most of this adaptation capacity.
A comprehensive review found that site-specific nutrient management (SSNM) increases yield by 12% and profitability by 15%, while saving 18 kg N/ha and reducing environmental risk. SSNM can detect and correct long-standing nutrient input inadequacies, improving outcomes.
Researchers from Florida Atlantic University's Schmidt College of Medicine review recent randomized trials, concluding that hydroxychloroquine poses significant harm in treating COVID-19. The study suggests a halt on prescribing the medication, recommending vaccination and masking instead as effective public health strategies.
A systematic review of epidemiological studies found that muscle strengthening exercises associated with aerobic activities can significantly reduce cancer mortality. The analysis suggested that strength training twice a week can protect against cancer, with the benefit being even greater when combined with aerobic activities.
A new study found that depression and anxiety symptoms have doubled in children and adolescents globally during the pandemic. The study recommends prioritizing recovery planning now to mitigate sustained mental health effects.
A meta-analysis found that people with metabolic syndrome are 46% more likely to have a second stroke than those without, with low HDL cholesterol being an independent risk factor. Additionally, individuals with metabolic syndrome were 27% more likely to die during the study.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found individuals with preexisting mood disorders are at a higher risk of COVID-19 hospitalization and death. This suggests that those with preexisting mood disorders should be categorized as an at-risk group on the basis of a preexisting condition.
A meta-analysis published in Trauma & Violence & Abuse found that 81% of sexual assault survivors had significant PTSD symptoms one week after the assault and 54% after three months. The study suggests that most recovery from post-traumatic stress happens within the first three months.
A meta-analysis of 74 studies found young-onset dementia affects approximately 4.3% of people under age 65 worldwide. The study's results provide a more precise estimate of dementia's global occurrence in younger populations.
A new meta-analysis suggests that people who use cannabis are more than twice as likely to initiate opioid use and develop problematic patterns of use compared to those who don't use cannabis. However, the low quality of evidence makes it unclear whether there is a causal relationship between cannabis and subsequent opioid use.
Researchers found that larger male mosquitofish are preferred by females and produce more sperm. They also excel at driving off rivals and using forced mating strategies due to their small size and agility. The study analyzed 36 studies and provided new insights into the relationship between body size and reproductive success in fish.
A recent meta-analysis found that acute aerobic exercise temporarily improves cognitive performance. However, approximately 50% of studies failed to show a link between the two. The analysis revealed that benefits were greater in those with lower pre-test scores and were more generalized across different types of cognitive performance.
Antacids have been found to lower HbA1c levels by 0.36% and fasting blood sugar by 10 mg/dl in individuals with diabetes. However, taking antacids had no effect on the risk of developing diabetes in non-diabetic individuals.
A meta-analysis of 22 studies found that consumers are willing to pay a premium price for ecolabeled coffee, with an average increase of $1.36 per pound. The study also revealed that Organic ecolabeling has the highest value, followed by Fairtrade and COOL.
A large-scale genetic study has identified more genomic regions linked to type 2 diabetes-related traits by including multi-ethnic participants. The research, published in Nature Genetics, found that expanding the scope of genetic studies to different ancestries yields better results and benefits global patient care.
A meta-analysis found that adding revascularization to medical therapy reduces cardiovascular death by 21% in patients with stable ischemic heart disease. The benefit increases over time, with a greater impact on survival for those with extensive disease.
A new study challenges claims of declining global sperm count, citing a 'biovariability framework' that suggests natural variation is the norm. The research aims to contribute to discussions on reproductive health and challenge racist assumptions in sperm count studies.
A large meta-analysis of 17,687 individuals with diabetes found that those with more advanced diabetes have a higher risk of death from SARS-CoV-2. Men and older adults with diabetes were particularly at increased risk.
A new study published in The Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology found that nearly 11% of men experience anxiety during the perinatal period, with rates higher during postpartum than pregnancy.
A meta-analysis of studies with monolingual and bilingual children found that they generally favor native speakers over non-native speakers. However, children raised in diverse environments may have a greater awareness of linguistic-based group differences.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that Ivermectin is as safe and well-tolerated in children under 15kg as it is in heavier individuals. The study suggests that millions of young children are denied access to treatment due to outdated safety data, highlighting the need for equitable access to Ivermectin.
Research from Queen Mary University of London has concluded that type 2 diabetes is associated with an increased risk of Parkinson's disease and may contribute to faster disease progression. Treating people with type 2 diabetes medications may reduce Parkinson's risk and slow its progression.
A meta-analysis of 48,000 people found that vision impairment is associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality compared to normal vision or mild vision impairment. The risk increases significantly among those with severe vision impairment.
A new study published in JAMA Network Open examined the association between diet and colorectal cancer risk. The research found that a diet high in processed foods and added sugars is linked to an increased risk of colorectal cancer.
A recent meta-analysis published in Anaesthesia found that COVID-19 intensive care mortality has continued to decline since the start of the pandemic, with a relative decrease of around one third from March to May 2020. However, the pace of progress has slowed substantially, with improvements plateauing between June and October 2020.
A new University of Rochester meta-analysis suggests that being psychologically flexible is a critical factor in maintaining happy family and romantic relationships. Higher levels of flexibility are linked to adaptive parenting strategies, lower child distress, and greater relationship satisfaction.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of three human coronaviruses found that people infected with SARS-CoV-2 are most likely to be highly infectious in the first week after symptom onset. The study highlights the importance of identifying and isolating cases early to control the spread of COVID-19.
A meta-analysis of major complications between traditional pacemakers and leadless pacemakers found that leadless pacemakers have potential for future clinical applications. However, more randomized controlled studies are needed to explore safety and practicality.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library reveals that patients with masked hypertension (MH) may have a similar risk of target organ damage as those with sustained hypertension (SH). This suggests that clinicians should consider target organ damage when managing MH.
A new study published in The BMJ provides updated estimates of the increased risks of breast cancer associated with hormone replacement therapy (HRT) use. For longer-term HRT use, the increased risks are lower than previously reported, while a more pronounced decline in risk is observed once HRT has stopped.
Researchers have improved consistency assessment in meta-analysis by considering statistical power. This new measure can alter the interpretation of meta-analyses. Studies with high statistical power should have stronger effects on results.
A systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that patients with localized and locally advanced prostate cancer may be spared radiotherapy following surgery. The authors recommend closely following patients after surgery and offering radiotherapy only if the cancer recurs. This approach may spare many men from radiotherapy's associate...