Articles tagged with Metaanalysis
A meta-analysis of transcriptome data from aphids and locusts reveals that DNA replication, metabolic processes, and the mitotic cell cycle are enriched in response to crowded conditions. The study also identifies discrepancies with previous research findings, suggesting alternative explanations for gene expression patterns.
A recent study published in Frontiers in Medicine found that COVID-19 vaccines significantly reduce the likelihood of reinfection and severe symptoms. Vaccinated individuals who have recovered from the virus have a 50% to 60% lower risk of reinfection compared to those who are not vaccinated.
A systematic review of 23 studies found COVID-19 mRNA vaccine-associated myopericarditis is rare in adolescents and young adults with a low incidence rate. The condition generally has favorable early outcomes, but continued follow-up is recommended.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 122 US-based COVID-19 clinical trials found female participants were underrepresented in treatment trials, while Asian and Black participants were underrepresented in prevention trials. Hispanic or Latino participants were overrepresented in treatment trials.
A new meta-analysis commissioned by WHO informs updated treatment guidelines for uncomplicated malaria in the first trimester of pregnancy. The study finds that artemether-lumefantrine is as safe and possibly more effective than non-artemisinin-based treatments, including quinine, with significant reductions in adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Black and Hispanic men are underrepresented in prostate cancer clinical trials compared to their incidence rate. The representation of Black patients has remained consistently low over the past two decades.
A systematic review of 36 studies found that influenza vaccination reduced the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection by 20% and poor outcomes like ICU admission and death by 17-31%. The findings suggest that routine influenza vaccination could offer non-specific immunity against COVID-19 symptoms.
A new study by the University of Illinois found that temperature in the place of origin has a significant negative impact on export of agricultural goods, while temperature in the destination has little effect. The researchers also identified precipitation as a more nuanced factor in trade.
A recent meta-analysis published in Human Reproduction Update reveals a significant worldwide decline in sperm counts of over 50% in the past 46 years. The study also shows an accelerated post-2000 decline in sperm counts globally.
Recent research suggests that racial prejudice within communities predicts the militarization of local police departments. In contrast, communicating scientific consensus appears to be an effective way to change factual beliefs about contested science topics. Additionally, studies have found that happy people tend to overestimate their...
Screen time increased by 52% during the pandemic, with significant increases for individuals ages 12-18 and handheld devices/personal computers.
A recent study analyzing over 93,000 cases reveals a direct link between childhood trauma and the risk of developing a mental disorder in adulthood. The study highlights the importance of treating psychological trauma in patients and investing in prevention programs to reduce the risk of suffering a mental disorder.
A comprehensive review and meta-analysis found that young adults under 40 have a slightly elevated risk for myocarditis or pericarditis after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination. The analysis analyzed data from over 58 million participants and explored the relationship between COVID-19 vaccine and these rare but dangerous adverse reactions.
A recent study found no association between women's caffeine consumption and pregnancy or live birth rate after fertility treatments. However, moderate alcohol consumption (84g/week) was associated with decreased pregnancy and live birth rates in both men and women undergoing IVF/ICSI treatment.
A meta-analysis by Goethe University Frankfurt found that individualized treatment combined with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) led to a significant increase in pain relief. The study showed an 84% higher success rate compared to standard exercise therapies, making this approach the most effective.
The Global Biobank Meta-analysis Initiative has made significant advancements in expanding genome-wide association studies (GWASs) to include more diverse and representative data from around the world. By analyzing genomic data from over 2 million individuals across four continents, researchers have identified new genetic variants asso...
A new study reveals that brand owned social media has a stronger impact on sales than previously thought. To stimulate engagement, brands should focus on emotions in their content, rather than easy-to-measure metrics like likes and comments.
A randomized clinical trial and meta-analysis found that antibiotic eye drops significantly shortened symptoms of conjunctivitis in children. The study's results suggest a promising treatment option for this common childhood condition.
COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy was found to lower the risk of severe outcomes including preterm birth and postpartum hemorrhage. Vaccination during pregnancy is now recommended to protect against COVID-19 infection.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 19 cohort studies involving over 1 million adults found that moderate tea consumption is associated with a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Drinking at least four cups of tea a day may reduce the risk by 17%.
Researchers from Hiroshima University have identified two types of genes that are upregulated in both rice and thale cress when exposed to oxygen deprivation. The study suggests distinct molecular mechanisms under hypoxia in plants and animals, with potential applications for creating flood-tolerant crops.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies found a moderate association between antipsychotic use and an increased risk of breast cancer, estimated at over 30%. The study highlights the importance of risk-benefit assessment of antipsychotic prescription in high-risk patients.
A Tel Aviv University study challenges the widely-held assumption that COVID-19 originated from bats, instead highlighting their highly effective immune system. The researchers found that many reported findings on bat-borne viruses are based on antibody presence or PCR tests rather than actual virus isolation.
Research linked blood type to early-onset stroke risk in young adults under 60. People with blood type A had a 16% higher risk, while those with blood type O had a 12% lower risk of having an early stroke. The study suggests potential new ways to predict and prevent strokes in young adults.
A meta-analysis of 64 longitudinal studies found that mental health problems remained elevated globally during the pandemic, with North Americans suffering from increased anxiety and depression. In contrast, Latin America and Europe experienced higher rates of insomnia.
A meta-analysis of 22 studies found that micro-breaks (10 minutes or less) reduce fatigue and increase vigor in employees. While longer breaks may improve performance on creative tasks, their effects are unclear for cognitively demanding tasks.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 141 articles found the COVID-19 incubation period decreased from Alpha (5 days) to Omicron (3.42 days), highlighting the need for adjusted isolation periods
A meta-analysis of nearly 300 studies reveals a higher hypertension prevalence in urban areas but with a narrowing gap over time and socio-economic development, indicating rapid increase in rural areas. The study highlights the need for increased awareness and control measures in rural areas to address the growing burden of hypertension.
A recent study published in the Journal of Urology found that robotic IVC thrombectomy is not inferior to standard open surgery and has lower complication rates. The robotic approach also showed a lower blood transfusion rate, making it an attractive option for patients with optimal candidacy.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 26 studies involving over 100,000 women found that mothers with a family history of psychiatric disorders are at almost twice the risk of developing postpartum depression. The findings suggest that family history may be a significant risk factor for postpartum depression.
A large meta-analysis suggests that vitamin D supplementation may alleviate depressive symptoms in adults with depression. The analysis included 41 studies and found that vitamin D was more effective than a placebo in alleviating symptoms. However, the results were limited by study heterogeneity and risk of bias.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found tinnitus prevalence to be over 740 million adults worldwide, with 120 million reporting it as a significant issue.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found no significant differences in treatment success between nonoperative and operative management for acute uncomplicated appendicitis. However, the nonoperative group experienced significantly longer hospital stays and higher recurrence rates.
Researchers found that nirmatrelvir–ritonavir and molnupiravir likely reduced the risk of hospital admission by 46.2 and 16.3 admissions per 1000, respectively. The findings have implications for health care systems and clinical guidelines.
A large-scale study analyzing 29 studies and 139,624 participants found that people who viewed tobacco content on social media are more likely to report using tobacco. The study also identified susceptible individuals who may be influenced by pro-tobacco content.
Pooled estimates from 22 international studies indicate a 20% reduction in total daily physical activity among children and adolescents during the pandemic. The findings highlight the need for bolstered access to support and resources related to physical activity to ensure good health and social functioning during pandemic recovery.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 39 publications found a global association between COVID-19 measures and reduced breast, colorectal, and cervical cancer screenings. This could lead to an increase in avoidable cancer deaths.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 52 studies found that electronic noses can accurately detect volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath for cancer diagnosis. The diagnostic accuracy varied across studies, with some showing high sensitivity and specificity.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that physical activity can boost the body's immune response to influenza vaccination. The study analyzed data from over 100,000 individuals and concluded that regular exercise may provide better protection against the flu.
A UNLV study analyzed nearly 30,000 broken bone cases and found that smoking increases the risk of breaking a bone by as much as 37%. The study also found that men are more likely to experience fractures, particularly in the wrists, spine, and shoulders, due to nicotine's negative impact on bone cells and calcium absorption.
Research finds no significant increase in cardiovascular events among men with low testosterone undergoing testosterone treatment. Testosterone was found to reduce serum total cholesterol and triglycerides, but no significant differences were seen in other parameters.
A new study finds that progesterone does not prevent preterm birth in women who have had a previous preterm birth. The research calls for revised guidelines on the use of vaginal progesterone in these patients.
A massive analysis of data from over 700 studies revealed that genetically modified Bt corn has no negative effects on most invertebrate groups, including ladybeetles and lacewings. However, populations of Braconidae insects were reduced with Bt corn.
A meta-analysis published in The Lancet Oncology suggests that targeted radiation therapy, which spares healthy brain tissue, is equitable to whole brain radiation therapy for patients with small cell lung cancer and brain metastases. This approach may improve their care experience with fewer negative cognitive consequences.
A new study from Aarhus University challenges the traditional 'cry curve' pattern of infant crying, which suggests a sharp decline in crying after six weeks. The research, pooling data from 57 studies across 17 countries, reveals that infants continue to cry significantly after six months.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of compression garment use found no benefit in muscle recovery following exercise. The study suggests that practitioners should reconsider the effectiveness of compression garments as a means to reduce muscle strength loss.
A meta-analysis of 130 experiments involving 10,000 participants found a connection between upright postures and power posing with improved self-perception. However, the effects on behavior and hormone levels were less robust and not supported by the findings.
A massive global study of diverse populations has significantly advanced the understanding of type 2 diabetes by identifying 117 genes that contribute to the disease. The research used genetic data from almost 181,000 people with type 2 diabetes and 1.16 million without it.
A systematic review and meta-analysis compared traditional strength training with power training for improving physical function in older adults. Power training showed similar benefits to strength training in terms of muscle power and functional ability.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 81 studies found that COVID-19 patients with cancer had a higher risk of death compared to those without cancer. Younger age, lung, and hematologic cancers were identified as risk factors for poor outcomes from COVID-19
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 96 studies found a strong association between food marketing and eating behaviors in children and adolescents. The study suggests that food marketing may play a significant role in shaping the dietary preferences and consumption habits of young people.
A systematic review found that non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) improves smoking abstinence rates 3 to 6 months after quitting. NIBS methods have shown promising results for tobacco use disorder treatment, but little was known about long-term effectiveness.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 15 studies found significant mental health benefits from physical activity, including a reduced risk of depression. The study suggests that even moderate levels of exercise can have a positive impact on mental well-being.
A new systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that prenatal smoking is associated with offspring attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but does not necessarily cause it. The study, led by University of Bristol researchers, found that shared genetics play a substantial role in the association.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 26 studies found music interventions to be associated with clinically meaningful improvements in health-related quality of life. The study suggests that music-making and listening may have a positive impact on overall well-being, particularly for individuals with health conditions.
A systematic review of 87 studies found that excessive screen time is associated with increased symptoms of anxiety, depression, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children aged 12 or younger. The study suggests that reducing screen time may help alleviate these behavioral issues.
A meta-analysis of over 3,000 studies found that women with one ovary have a 30% lower chance of becoming pregnant and giving birth after IVF. The study suggests that surgical removal of an ovary has an adverse effect on fertility.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 9,100 cystic fibrosis patients found a positive association between higher body mass index and improved clinical outcomes. The study suggests that maintaining a healthy weight may be beneficial for these patients.
A meta-analysis of 15 studies found that taking more daily steps helps lower the risk of premature death, with benefits seen in adults younger and older than 60. The study suggests that walking at least 6,000-8,000 steps per day for older adults and 8,000-10,000 steps per day for younger adults may be optimal for longevity.
Studies of in-prison work programs and vocational training lean positive, but several issues require further research to determine their true effects on re-entry. Inconsistent program characteristics and definitions, as well as multiple participants' involvement, complicate the assessment of outcomes.