Changes in child, adolescent screen time during pandemic
Screen time increased by 52% during the pandemic, with significant increases for individuals ages 12-18 and handheld devices/personal computers.
Metaanalysis
Articles tagged with Metaanalysis
Life Sciences
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Having suffered trauma during childhood triples the risk of suffering a serious mental disorder in adulthood
A recent study analyzing over 93,000 cases reveals a direct link between childhood trauma and the risk of developing a mental disorder in adulthood. The study highlights the importance of treating psychological trauma in patients and investing in prevention programs to reduce the risk of suffering a mental disorder.
Getting to the heart of COVID-19 vaccination and its cardiovascular risks
A comprehensive review and meta-analysis found that young adults under 40 have a slightly elevated risk for myocarditis or pericarditis after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination. The analysis analyzed data from over 58 million participants and explored the relationship between COVID-19 vaccine and these rare but dangerous adverse reactions.
Do caffeine and alcohol affect fertility treatments?
A recent study found no association between women's caffeine consumption and pregnancy or live birth rate after fertility treatments. However, moderate alcohol consumption (84g/week) was associated with decreased pregnancy and live birth rates in both men and women undergoing IVF/ICSI treatment.
Treatment for back pain: 84% increase in success rate
A meta-analysis by Goethe University Frankfurt found that individualized treatment combined with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) led to a significant increase in pain relief. The study showed an 84% higher success rate compared to standard exercise therapies, making this approach the most effective.
Global Biobank Meta-analysis Initiative making genome-wide association studies more diverse and representative
The Global Biobank Meta-analysis Initiative has made significant advancements in expanding genome-wide association studies (GWASs) to include more diverse and representative data from around the world. By analyzing genomic data from over 2 million individuals across four continents, researchers have identified new genetic variants asso...
Beyond likes, shares, and comments: How can brands use social media to stimulate both engagement and sales?
A new study reveals that brand owned social media has a stronger impact on sales than previously thought. To stimulate engagement, brands should focus on emotions in their content, rather than easy-to-measure metrics like likes and comments.
Effect of antibiotic eye drops on duration of conjunctivitis in children
A randomized clinical trial and meta-analysis found that antibiotic eye drops significantly shortened symptoms of conjunctivitis in children. The study's results suggest a promising treatment option for this common childhood condition.
COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy
COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy was found to lower the risk of severe outcomes including preterm birth and postpartum hemorrhage. Vaccination during pregnancy is now recommended to protect against COVID-19 infection.
Drinking plenty of tea may reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, finds study in over a million adults
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 19 cohort studies involving over 1 million adults found that moderate tea consumption is associated with a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Drinking at least four cups of tea a day may reduce the risk by 17%.
Newly identified genes may help protect crops against flooding, researchers say
Researchers from Hiroshima University have identified two types of genes that are upregulated in both rice and thale cress when exposed to oxygen deprivation. The study suggests distinct molecular mechanisms under hypoxia in plants and animals, with potential applications for creating flood-tolerant crops.
HKUMed research team estimates over 30% elevated risk of breast cancer among antipsychotic users
A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies found a moderate association between antipsychotic use and an increased risk of breast cancer, estimated at over 30%. The study highlights the importance of risk-benefit assessment of antipsychotic prescription in high-risk patients.
A new study has concluded that: There is no clear evidence that COVID-19 was transmitted from bats
A Tel Aviv University study challenges the widely-held assumption that COVID-19 originated from bats, instead highlighting their highly effective immune system. The researchers found that many reported findings on bat-borne viruses are based on antibody presence or PCR tests rather than actual virus isolation.
COVID-19’s elevated toll on mental health varied across the globe: uOttawa review
A meta-analysis of 64 longitudinal studies found that mental health problems remained elevated globally during the pandemic, with North Americans suffering from increased anxiety and depression. In contrast, Latin America and Europe experienced higher rates of insomnia.
“Micro-breaks” from tasks show promise in boosting wellbeing
A meta-analysis of 22 studies found that micro-breaks (10 minutes or less) reduce fatigue and increase vigor in employees. While longer breaks may improve performance on creative tasks, their effects are unclear for cognitively demanding tasks.
Your blood type could predict your risk of having a stroke before age 60, new study suggests
Research linked blood type to early-onset stroke risk in young adults under 60. People with blood type A had a 16% higher risk, while those with blood type O had a 12% lower risk of having an early stroke. The study suggests potential new ways to predict and prevent strokes in young adults.
The prevalence of hypertension in low- and middle-income countries increases more sharply in rural areas
A meta-analysis of nearly 300 studies reveals a higher hypertension prevalence in urban areas but with a narrowing gap over time and socio-economic development, indicating rapid increase in rural areas. The study highlights the need for increased awareness and control measures in rural areas to address the growing burden of hypertension.
Incubation period of COVID-19 caused by different SARS-CoV-2 strains
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 141 articles found the COVID-19 incubation period decreased from Alpha (5 days) to Omicron (3.42 days), highlighting the need for adjusted isolation periods
Robotic kidney cancer surgery shows desirable outcomes in study
A recent study published in the Journal of Urology found that robotic IVC thrombectomy is not inferior to standard open surgery and has lower complication rates. The robotic approach also showed a lower blood transfusion rate, making it an attractive option for patients with optimal candidacy.
Examining family history of psychiatric disorders as risk factor for postpartum depression
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 26 studies involving over 100,000 women found that mothers with a family history of psychiatric disorders are at almost twice the risk of developing postpartum depression. The findings suggest that family history may be a significant risk factor for postpartum depression.
Vitamin D supplementation seems to alleviate depressive symptoms in adults
A large meta-analysis suggests that vitamin D supplementation may alleviate depressive symptoms in adults with depression. The analysis included 41 studies and found that vitamin D was more effective than a placebo in alleviating symptoms. However, the results were limited by study heterogeneity and risk of bias.
Global prevalence, incidence of tinnitus
A systematic review and meta-analysis found tinnitus prevalence to be over 740 million adults worldwide, with 120 million reporting it as a significant issue.
Nonoperative vs operative management of uncomplicated appendicitis
A systematic review and meta-analysis found no significant differences in treatment success between nonoperative and operative management for acute uncomplicated appendicitis. However, the nonoperative group experienced significantly longer hospital stays and higher recurrence rates.
Some antivirals used in nonsevere COVID-19 may reduce hospitalizations and deaths
Researchers found that nirmatrelvir–ritonavir and molnupiravir likely reduced the risk of hospital admission by 46.2 and 16.3 admissions per 1000, respectively. The findings have implications for health care systems and clinical guidelines.
Largest ever study of tobacco content on social media links exposure to tobacco use
A large-scale study analyzing 29 studies and 139,624 participants found that people who viewed tobacco content on social media are more likely to report using tobacco. The study also identified susceptible individuals who may be influenced by pro-tobacco content.
Changes in child, adolescent physical activity during pandemic
Pooled estimates from 22 international studies indicate a 20% reduction in total daily physical activity among children and adolescents during the pandemic. The findings highlight the need for bolstered access to support and resources related to physical activity to ensure good health and social functioning during pandemic recovery.
Worldwide association of COVID-19 pandemic measures with cancer screening
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 39 publications found a global association between COVID-19 measures and reduced breast, colorectal, and cervical cancer screenings. This could lead to an increase in avoidable cancer deaths.
Diagnostic performance of electronic noses in cancer diagnoses using exhaled breath
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 52 studies found that electronic noses can accurately detect volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath for cancer diagnosis. The diagnostic accuracy varied across studies, with some showing high sensitivity and specificity.
Physical activity could boost your immune response to the flu jab, according to new systematic review and meta-analysis
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that physical activity can boost the body's immune response to influenza vaccination. The study analyzed data from over 100,000 individuals and concluded that regular exercise may provide better protection against the flu.
Analysis finds little evidence of heart problems in men undergoing testosterone treatment
Research finds no significant increase in cardiovascular events among men with low testosterone undergoing testosterone treatment. Testosterone was found to reduce serum total cholesterol and triglycerides, but no significant differences were seen in other parameters.
Smoke break: UNLV study strengthens link between smoking and increased fracture risk in men
A UNLV study analyzed nearly 30,000 broken bone cases and found that smoking increases the risk of breaking a bone by as much as 37%. The study also found that men are more likely to experience fractures, particularly in the wrists, spine, and shoulders, due to nicotine's negative impact on bone cells and calcium absorption.
Progress toward personalized prevention of preterm birth: When progesterone works and when it does not
A new study finds that progesterone does not prevent preterm birth in women who have had a previous preterm birth. The research calls for revised guidelines on the use of vaginal progesterone in these patients.
Genetically modified corn does not damage non-target organisms
A massive analysis of data from over 700 studies revealed that genetically modified Bt corn has no negative effects on most invertebrate groups, including ladybeetles and lacewings. However, populations of Braconidae insects were reduced with Bt corn.
Meta-analysis shows targeted radiation therapy may be as effective as standard care for small cell lung cancer patients with brain metastases
A meta-analysis published in The Lancet Oncology suggests that targeted radiation therapy, which spares healthy brain tissue, is equitable to whole brain radiation therapy for patients with small cell lung cancer and brain metastases. This approach may improve their care experience with fewer negative cognitive consequences.
New research challenges established ideas about infant crying
A new study from Aarhus University challenges the traditional 'cry curve' pattern of infant crying, which suggests a sharp decline in crying after six weeks. The research, pooling data from 57 studies across 17 countries, reveals that infants continue to cry significantly after six months.
Do compression garments facilitate muscle recovery after exercise?
A systematic review and meta-analysis of compression garment use found no benefit in muscle recovery following exercise. The study suggests that practitioners should reconsider the effectiveness of compression garments as a means to reduce muscle strength loss.
If you stand like Superman or Wonder Woman, would you feel stronger?
A meta-analysis of 130 experiments involving 10,000 participants found a connection between upright postures and power posing with improved self-perception. However, the effects on behavior and hormone levels were less robust and not supported by the findings.
Huge study of diverse populations advances understanding of type 2 diabetes
A massive global study of diverse populations has significantly advanced the understanding of type 2 diabetes by identifying 117 genes that contribute to the disease. The research used genetic data from almost 181,000 people with type 2 diabetes and 1.16 million without it.
Comparing power training vs strength training on physical function in older adults
A systematic review and meta-analysis compared traditional strength training with power training for improving physical function in older adults. Power training showed similar benefits to strength training in terms of muscle power and functional ability.
Differences in outcomes, factors associated with mortality among patients with, without cancer and SARS-CoV-2
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 81 studies found that COVID-19 patients with cancer had a higher risk of death compared to those without cancer. Younger age, lung, and hematologic cancers were identified as risk factors for poor outcomes from COVID-19
Association of food marketing with eating behaviors of children, adolescents
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 96 studies found a strong association between food marketing and eating behaviors in children and adolescents. The study suggests that food marketing may play a significant role in shaping the dietary preferences and consumption habits of young people.
New brain stimulation treatments help smokers quit
A systematic review found that non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) improves smoking abstinence rates 3 to 6 months after quitting. NIBS methods have shown promising results for tobacco use disorder treatment, but little was known about long-term effectiveness.
Association between physical activity, risk of depression
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 15 studies found significant mental health benefits from physical activity, including a reduced risk of depression. The study suggests that even moderate levels of exercise can have a positive impact on mental well-being.
Smoking during pregnancy may not cause ADHD in children after all
A new systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that prenatal smoking is associated with offspring attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but does not necessarily cause it. The study, led by University of Bristol researchers, found that shared genetics play a substantial role in the association.
Examining association of music interventions with health-related quality of life
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 26 studies found music interventions to be associated with clinically meaningful improvements in health-related quality of life. The study suggests that music-making and listening may have a positive impact on overall well-being, particularly for individuals with health conditions.
Association of screen time with internalizing, externalizing behavior problems in children
A systematic review of 87 studies found that excessive screen time is associated with increased symptoms of anxiety, depression, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children aged 12 or younger. The study suggests that reducing screen time may help alleviate these behavioral issues.
Lower chance of pregnancy and childbirth after IVF with one ovary
A meta-analysis of over 3,000 studies found that women with one ovary have a 30% lower chance of becoming pregnant and giving birth after IVF. The study suggests that surgical removal of an ovary has an adverse effect on fertility.
Examining association of body mass index with clinical outcomes in patients with cystic fibrosis
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 9,100 cystic fibrosis patients found a positive association between higher body mass index and improved clinical outcomes. The study suggests that maintaining a healthy weight may be beneficial for these patients.
Meta-analysis of 15 studies reports new findings on how many daily walking steps needed for longevity benefit
A meta-analysis of 15 studies found that taking more daily steps helps lower the risk of premature death, with benefits seen in adults younger and older than 60. The study suggests that walking at least 6,000-8,000 steps per day for older adults and 8,000-10,000 steps per day for younger adults may be optimal for longevity.
Studies of prison work, vocational programs lean positive, but several issues require further research
Studies of in-prison work programs and vocational training lean positive, but several issues require further research to determine their true effects on re-entry. Inconsistent program characteristics and definitions, as well as multiple participants' involvement, complicate the assessment of outcomes.
Risk of second allergic reaction to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that the risk of immediate allergic reactions to a second dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines is low among patients who experienced an immediate allergic reaction to their first dose. The study included 1,366 patients and showed no significant increase in severe immediate reactions or anaphylaxis.
Does “bridging” therapy improve outcome for people with stroke?
A meta-analysis found that bridging therapy, combining intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy, is associated with better chances of survival, functional independence, and robust blood flow returning to the brain after stroke. Researchers suggest this approach may be more effective than physical clot removal alone for peop...
Study highlights worldwide disparities in treatment rates for major depressive disorder
A combined analysis of 149 studies reveals that treatment rates for major depressive disorder remain low worldwide, particularly in low and lower-middle income countries. Treatment rates are estimated to be 33% in high-income countries and just 8% in low and lower-middle income countries.
Statin intolerance is “over-estimated and over-diagnosed”
A new study found that statin intolerance is over-estimated, affecting only 6-10% of patients worldwide. Researchers identified risk factors for statin intolerance, including age, sex, ethnicity, and medical conditions.
Kessler Foundation scientists explore evidence for improving outcomes for prism adaptation therapy in stroke survivors
Researchers analyzed fMRI studies on healthy individuals and stroke survivors to understand the neural mechanisms underlying prism adaptation therapy. The study found differences in brain activity patterns between healthy individuals and those with spatial neglect, suggesting a shift in spatial processing to the left hemisphere.
Prediabetes more dangerous than assumed
A comprehensive review found that prediabetes is associated with an increased risk of comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, and chronic kidney disease. The study suggests that prediabetes poses a significant threat to public health due to its rising prevalence worldwide.
The link between alcohol consumption and epilepsy: An update from scientists from Pusan National University
A team of scientists from Pusan National University conducted an updated meta-analysis to clarify the relationship between alcohol consumption and unprovoked seizures and epilepsy. They found that overall, alcohol drinkers were at a significantly higher risk of developing epilepsy compared to non-drinkers.
Combined cannabis and alcohol use make driving particularly dangerous
A recent study found that combining cannabis and alcohol significantly worsens driving performance compared to using either substance alone. This is because the effects of cannabis on driving are additive to those of alcohol, leading to impaired lane control and increased crash risks.
English songs are an effective learning tool for learning English vocabulary, says Pusan National University researcher
A quantitative meta-analysis found that teaching with English songs enhances L2 vocabulary learning in second and foreign language classrooms. Songs from the pop music genre were more effective than textbook songs, while duration of instruction was crucial.
Men who paid for sex more likely than other men to live with HIV
A meta-analysis of 87 surveys from 35 African countries found that nearly one in ten sexually active men have paid for sex and are 50% more likely to be living with HIV. Men who pay for sex should be recognized as a priority population for HIV prevention efforts.