Research on new and better ways to treat cancer. Covers radiotherapy, targeted microdroplets, nerve-injury protection, drug combinations, and tumor models.
Researchers found that higher health literacy is associated with higher rates of PSA screening, despite guidelines recommending against it. The study also identified a dynamic interplay between health literacy and shared decision-making.
Researchers at Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research developed a protocol to overcome difficulties in engineering and expanding mouse T cells for CAR-T cell therapies. The new method showed improved tumor control, proliferation, and persistence of CAR-T cells, as well as enhanced reprogramming of the tumor microenvironment.
A screening program for COVID-19 in asymptomatic cancer patients prior to each cycle of anticancer therapy was implemented at a UAE hospital. The study found the program's effectiveness in detecting COVID-19 cases among these patients.
Researchers found that Medicaid expansion is associated with earlier stage of diagnosis, leading to decreased mortality rates for patients with newly diagnosed breast, lung, or colorectal cancer. In states with expanded Medicaid programs, mortality rates were significantly lower than in non-expansion states.
Researchers found that Trop-2 expression is a predictive biomarker for sacituzumab govitecan efficacy in triple-negative breast cancer. Increasing Trop-2 expression improved SG efficacy in mice with HRR-proficient tumors, suggesting a potential clinical benefit for patients with high Trop-2 levels.
A new study demonstrates that pooling treatment recommendations from multiple prescribers using the 'wisdom of crowds' concept can improve decisions on antibiotic prescribing and reduce overuse. Using international survey data, researchers found that groups of three or more prescribers showed significant benefits in guideline compliance.
A study by Massachusetts General Hospital found that patients with significant decision conflict prior to cancer surgery are less active after surgery. The researchers used a smartphone app and sensor data to measure physical activity levels at 30, 60, and 90 days after surgery.
A study published in STEM CELLS revealed that fibulin 5 plays a crucial role in the development of Schwann cells, which produce the myelin sheath surrounding neuronal axons. The research suggests that fibulin 5 may be used to treat Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and other demyelinating disorders.
A proof-of-concept study shows cerebrospinal fluid as a liquid biopsy for precise characterization and real-time tracking of medulloblastoma. Circulating tumor DNA analysis provides genomic insights into disease evolution, enabling more effective treatment strategies.
Researchers discovered RING1B is critical for Ewing sarcoma development and hijacks transcriptional program to create cancerous cells. Epigenetic inhibitors may offer new treatment strategies.
Scientists at the Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation have redefined how the gut microbiome operates and coexists with bacteria. The findings show that the microbiome controls the creation of mucus, which acts as a barrier between bacteria and immune cells in the colon.
Researchers developed a novel epigenomic approach to detect pancreatic cancer in its early stages using blood draws, identifying distinctive patterns in thousands of genes that serve as biomarkers. This technology has the potential to lead to more timely treatment and improved patient survival.
Researchers at the University of Alberta have discovered that an anti-inflammatory drug, VX-765, can slow disease progression in a preclinical model of multiple sclerosis when delivered intranasally. This new therapy approach has shown promise in preserving myelin and glucose metabolism.
Baseline ctDNA levels predicted responses to first-line immune checkpoint inhibition in patients with melanoma, but not second-line treatment. Low ctDNA levels associated with longer progression-free survival in both discovery and validation cohorts.
Researchers discovered a new combination of treatments that may benefit patients with certain gene mutations. Inhibiting the protein AKT suppressed growth of tumour cells in animal models, while combining dexamethasone with AKT inhibition showed better results.
In a phase I clinical trial, vorinostat in combination with sirolimus or everolimus demonstrated improved outcomes for patients with heavily pretreated relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma. The treatment combination achieved an objective response rate of 55% and median progression-free survival of 5.3 months.
A University of Gothenburg study finds that individuals who undergo obesity (bariatric) surgery have a higher average life expectancy compared to those given conventional treatment for obesity. The study, published in The New England Journal of Medicine, shows that bariatric surgery prolongs life expectancy by 3 years, but patients sti...
Researchers from ICIQ and IRBBarcelona have developed a synthetic carrier that can transport amino acids, such as Proline, across cell membranes. The study shows a 30-fold increase in L-Proline transport activity, opening up new possibilities for treating diseases related to amino acid metabolism.
Researchers at Flinders University have developed a non-invasive breath test that accurately differentiates between head and neck cancer patients and those with benign diseases. The test uses volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath to detect the presence of cancer, showing high sensitivity and specificity rates.
A study at MD Anderson Cancer Center found that monitoring early changes in circulating tumor DNA can predict patient outcomes. Infused CAR T cells with certain characteristics are associated with better treatment responses, while those with exhaustion signatures may experience poor outcomes.
Researchers identified a compound that disables abnormal blood vessels, potentially reversing vision loss in patients with retinopathy of prematurity and diabetic retinopathy. The treatment targets only the abnormal vessels, sparing healthy ones.
Researchers at Princess Margaret Cancer Centre found that over 80% of advanced NSCLC patients had genomic alterations detected in cfDNA. Liquid biopsies were shown to be a timely and effective method for diagnosing and monitoring the disease, with actionable alterations detected in over 56% of treatment-naïve patients.
Researchers found high variability in DNA changes between individuals, suggesting a wide range of factors influence bladder cancer development. A new mutational signature linked to smoking was also identified, shedding light on why tobacco is the single greatest risk factor for bladder cancer.
A Japanese team has developed a simple way to glean more detailed information from standard medical imaging scans by detecting the oxygen concentration of tissues throughout patients' bodies. The upgraded PET scanners may lead to more effective cancer treatment by quickly identifying parts of tumors with aggressive cell growth.
A young man suffering from severe aplastic anemia has been given a life-saving blood transplant using the UM171 molecule, which increases stem cell production and reduces immunological complications. The procedure was performed by a medical team at the Institute of Hemato-oncology and Cellular Therapy.
The National Institutes of Health has awarded grants to support researchers' efforts in using tiny, bioengineered models of human tissues and organ systems to study diseases and test drugs. The goal is to develop ways to predict which patients are most likely to benefit from an investigational therapy prior to initiating clinical trials.
A study from Karolinska Institutet in Sweden found that women receiving fertility-sparing surgery for treatment of borderline ovarian tumours were able to have children, with most preserving natural fertility. The study also showed similar survival rates as those who underwent radical surgical cancer treatment.
Researchers discovered that R-spondin treatment reduces intestinal tumor growth and promotes healthy epithelial cell function. The study suggests a new rationale for treating familial adenomatous polyposis patients with APC mutations.
Research suggests that cancer patients with COVID-19 have a higher mortality rate due to their age and comorbidities, rather than the cancer. The study found that survival at 30 days was worse in cancer patients compared to non-cancer patients.
Researchers at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ) successfully treat two patients with systemic lupus erythematosus using daratumumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting plasma cells. The treatment resulted in sustainable clinical responses and reduced systemic inflammation.
A new study published in Cancer found that Black women experience longer waits for treatment initiation and prolonged duration of treatment after a breast cancer diagnosis. The research, which analyzed data from over 2,800 participants, identified financial and transportation issues as key contributors to these delays.
A recent study published in the journal Cancer found that Black women with breast cancer experience delays in starting treatment and have extended durations of treatment compared to white women. The study, led by UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center researchers, also identified socioeconomic status as a significant factor influen...
The study evaluated changes in lung cancer treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting shifts in treatment options and patient outcomes. The research found that the pandemic led to reduced access to certain treatments, resulting in decreased survival rates for some patients.
The Morris Animal Foundation has awarded nearly $1 million in grants to support 14 large animal health research projects focused on improving the well-being of horses. These studies will investigate genetic tests for heart arrhythmias, guidelines for air-transported horses, and the impact of gut microbiome variation on horse health.
A Rutgers-led team has created a smart drug delivery system to reduce inflammation and promote tissue repair in damaged nervous tissues. The system, which uses ultrathin biomaterials, aims to improve the treatment of spinal cord injuries and other neurological disorders.
Patients with a first-time depression diagnosis have an increased risk of worsening and requiring hospitalisation if they have previously been treated for a physical disease at a hospital. The risk is also influenced by age and the number of physical diseases, with more diseases under 65 increasing the risk.
Researchers identified mutations in the novel gene ANGPT2, responsible for primary lymphedema. The discovery provides insights into the disease's underlying mechanisms, potentially leading to improved treatments.
Researchers have found that specific DNA variants can affect the response to interferon-alpha-based treatments, leading to personalized therapy options. The discovery may improve treatment outcomes for patients with polycythaemia vera, a rare chronic malignant blood disease.
Researchers from CNIO achieved complete remission in 25% of lung tumors induced by KRAS oncogene in mice following genetic inactivation of CDK4 and RAF1. This strategy also prevented cancer cell growth in healthy mice and identified molecular mechanisms that triggered resistance, such as PI3K pathway activation.
A new study by Umeå University researchers sheds light on the molecular mechanisms of prostate cancer cell mobilization. They found that an amino acid in TGF-β signalling molecule Smad7 enables cancer cells to spread and form life-threatening metastases.
Researchers identified EphA2 as a key driver of metastasis and BRAF-MEK inhibitor resistance in melanoma. The study found that the noncanonical pathway of EphA2 induces an amoeboid phenotype that enhances metastatic potential.
The HCA|Organoid project will establish an open access Organoid Cell Atlas, enabling future discovery-driven and translational research on rare genetic diseases, complex multifactorial diseases, and cancer. The project will derive and comprehensively characterize human brain and colon organoids from 100 individuals each.
The HOME-PE trial found that home management is safe and effective for selected patients with acute pulmonary embolism. Using the Hestia criteria or sPESI score, over 30% of patients can be treated at home with a low rate of complications.
Researchers at FEFU are working on genetically modified models of brain tumors to understand the role of IDH1 and TP53 gene mutations. They plan to create laboratory models of these mutations to develop new diagnostic markers and test antitumor compounds, potentially leading to personalized therapy for glioma patients.
Scientists at Gladstone Institutes have performed a massive cellular energy audit to understand how cells regulate ATP levels. They identified genes and proteins that can be targeted to manipulate cellular energy and treat disease, including neurodegenerative disorders and cancer. The study reveals new pathways for boosting cellular en...
Researchers found that donors without fractures had more flexible collagen and mineral nanostructure than those with fractures. The study suggests that flexibility at the nanoscale could be an important predictor of future bone fractures, highlighting the need for new treatments targeting nanoscale bone health.
Researchers developed new predictive models to identify patients at highest risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after successful hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment. The models used clinical parameters and identified specific clusters of patients with elevated or impaired liver function, suggesting more personalized HCC sur...
Researchers have developed a novel STAR assay to measure absolute telomere length, enabling rapid diagnosis of cancer and age-related diseases. The method can process up to 48 samples from low DNA amounts, providing critical information for precision therapy.
Researchers used cryo-electron microscopy to capture detailed conformational changes involving the β1-adrenergic receptor and its activation mechanism. The findings provide new details for improved therapeutic treatments for cardiac disease, a leading cause of death worldwide.
A study found that current USPSTF and CMS guidelines for lung cancer screening undercount African Americans due to their age, smoking history, and quitting time. The PLCOm2012 model improved sensitivity in both Whites and African American ever-smokers, eliminating the eligibility disparity.
A clinical trial found that consuming 44mg of proanthocyanidins (PACs) per day in cranberry juice resulted in a 20% reduction in H. pylori infection rates in Chinese adults. The study suggests that twice-daily consumption of this specific amount of PACs may be an effective natural management strategy for adults infected with H. pylori.
Researchers identified the LANDO pathway as a key factor in neuroinflammation, which is a major hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. By disrupting this pathway, scientists found that they could reduce neuroinflammation and even improve cognition and memory in a mouse model.
Scientists have discovered a rapid, inexpensive, and non-invasive method to track malignant melanoma using fluorescent molecules in urine samples. The technique allows doctors to diagnose and monitor the disease without requiring invasive biopsies.
A new strategy using organic nanoparticles evaluates PTT efficiency on tumors in real time, enabling doctors to adjust treatment plans promptly. The approach is based on the correlation between PTT efficiency, Casp3 activity, and near-infrared fluorescence intensity.
This observational study examines characteristics and response to treatment of persistent radiation-induced hair loss in patients with primary central nervous system tumors or head and neck cancer. The study aims to improve treatment outcomes for this common side effect.
Researchers found that having two mutated copies of TP53 gene worsens the prognosis of myelodysplastic syndrome, a blood cancer. This study confirms that TP53 mutation status is the most important variable in predicting disease course.
Researchers advocate photodynamic therapy as an additional treatment for COVID-19 patients to combat secondary infections. The technique uses light and a photosensitizing chemical substance to kill microorganisms in the respiratory tract, potentially improving prognosis and reducing transmission.
Researchers developed scVelo to estimate RNA velocity with an AI-based model, allowing them to study dynamic populations and understand cellular development and gene activity. This enables better understanding of disease progression and cell signaling, paving the way for personalized treatments.
Osteoid osteomas are benign but painful bone-forming tumors that often involve the spine, causing back and radicular pain. A new minimally invasive percutaneous treatment technique is proposed as an alternative to surgical excision, offering a lower risk of fusion with instrumentation.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that severe hearing loss in childhood cancer survivors is associated with neurocognitive deficits independent of therapy type. The study evaluated 1,520 survivors and discovered that more than one-third had severe hearing loss, leading to increased risk of neurocognitive problems.