Research on new and better ways to treat cancer. Covers radiotherapy, targeted microdroplets, nerve-injury protection, drug combinations, and tumor models.
Researchers will investigate how oral cancer releases mediators that sensitize and activate pain-sensing nerves, promoting cancer growth and pain. The goal is to develop novel approaches for treating oral cancer and pain.
Researchers at SCCL have found that CD4 T lymphocytes, which typically support immune responses, can also kill cancer cells directly. Up to a third of these cells were able to destroy tumor cells within five hours.
A study published in PLOS Pathogens reveals that bacterial toxin colibactin is produced in patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs), a potential link to bladder cancer. The researchers detected colibactin in 55 of 223 patient samples and found it to induce DNA damage in bladder cells.
A machine learning-based model predicts the probability of lung cancer among patients with multiple pulmonary nodules, achieving high accuracy in validation cohorts. The PKU-M model also surpasses prior logistic regression-based models and a previously established AI tool in diagnosis.
A large prospective study found a significant link between acid reflux disease and the development of cancers in the larynx and esophagus. The study, published in the American Cancer Society journal CANCER, estimated that approximately 17% of these cancers are associated with GERD.
A retrospective study by LSU Health New Orleans found that 63% of patients who dropped out of peritoneal dialysis did so due to psychosocial reasons. The researchers suggest that counseling and assisted dialysis programs may improve patient outcomes and quality of life.
A University of Oregon scientist has identified myeloid-derived suppressor cells and immunosuppressive cytokine IL-10 as early predictors of treatment response in trauma cases. Abnormal immune suppression may lead to poor bone healing, motivating the need for biomarkers that can predict patient outcomes.
Researchers are now able to use genomic alterations of tumors to determine prognosis and best treatment options for pediatric brain tumors. This approach has significantly changed the field of neurosurgery, enabling more effective treatment with fewer side effects.
A new algorithm developed by researchers at the University of Copenhagen can detect unusual disease trajectories in COPD patients that may indicate a different diagnosis, such as lung cancer. The algorithm was trained on data from 284,000 patients and identified approximately 69,000 typical disease trajectories.
A study published in Cell Death & Disease found that inhibiting the EZH2 protein can reduce cancer cell growth in multiple myeloma. The researchers discovered that certain metabolic pathways are altered in cells sensitive to EZH2 inhibition, providing potential markers for treatment response.
Researchers at Lund University discovered how E. coli bacteria target and degrade the MYC oncogene, a well-known contributor to many forms of cancer. This discovery has shown potent effects on tumor growth and increased survival in two different cancer models.
Trained medical scent dogs have been shown to effectively screen individuals for COVID-19 with high accuracy and speed. The dogs' keen sense of smell allows them to detect the virus's volatile organic compounds in tiny concentrations.
Scientists have discovered that the MYCN oncogene drives uncontrolled tumour growth in neuroblastoma patients. Inhibiting MYCN or its function may be a promising approach to treating the disease.
The Lundquist Institute will conduct a multi-site clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of psilocybin in individuals with severe psychological distress associated with terminal medical illness. The grant will also support education and outreach programs related to the use of psilocybin within the field of palliative care.
A new Position Statement from UK stakeholders highlights the limited evidence supporting routine follow-up brain tumor imaging. Researchers propose future studies to assess cost effectiveness, quality of life, and treatment response to determine the value of interval imaging.
A new study found that elderly patients with locally advanced esophageal and esophagogastric junction cancer can achieve similar outcomes as younger patients when receiving recommended multimodal therapy. The therapy regimen includes initial chemoradiotherapy followed by surgical resection.
Researchers from INRS identify a protein called interleukin-21 that restores mitochondrial energy metabolism in immune cells, potentially leading to improved treatment options for HIV patients. The study also explores its applications in other diseases associated with persistent inflammation.
A study published in CANCER found an association between higher levels of nighttime artificial light and a 55% elevated risk of developing thyroid cancer. The association was strongest in women for localized cancer, while stronger in men for more advanced stages.
A study by Kumamoto University researchers found that the molecule Folliculin (FLCN) acts as a gatekeeper to maintain separation between blood and lymphatic vessels. The discovery sheds light on how these two vessel types form independent networks, with potential implications for cancer metastasis and treatment of lymphedema.
A randomized clinical trial found that endocrine therapies can reduce estradiol levels in men with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer after three months of treatment. The study suggests a potential new approach for male breast cancer patients.
The CIC biomaGUNE BioNanoPlasmonics research team has grown three-dimensional tumours in scaffolds containing plasmonic nanoparticles to study cancer growth and dynamics. They aim to gain insight into tumour evolution over time by monitoring metabolites, temperature, and pH.
A collaborative research group identified an inhibitor of the glutamate metabolic enzyme GLS1 that selectively eliminates senescent cells in vivo. Administration of GLS1 inhibitors to aged mice removed senescent cells from various organs, ameliorating tissue dysfunction and age-related diseases such as obese diabetes and arteriosclerosis.
Researchers discovered that three patients with DOCK8 deficiency spontaneously repaired their faulty genes through somatic reversion, restoring normal immune function. This breakthrough has implications for future therapies and treatments for the often-fatal disease.
The phase III CROWN study showed that lorlatinib significantly improved progression-free survival compared to crizotinib in patients with previously untreated advanced ALK-positive NSCLC. Patient-reported outcomes also indicated comparable time to treatment deterioration for lung cancer symptoms between the two treatments.
A recent study has found that women are less likely to receive guideline-recommended approaches for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), resulting in worse outcomes. This disparity may be attributed to delayed diagnosis of heart disease, which leads to undertreatment and poorer surgical results.
Research found that black patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer are more likely to be diagnosed at an advanced stage and have lower chances of receiving surgery. Additionally, they experience significantly reduced cancer-specific survival rates compared to their white counterparts.
Researchers used XSEDE Stampede2 supercomputer to simulate polarized elongation of actin filaments, shedding light on their polymerization kinetics. The study's findings have potential applications in cancer treatment and development of self-healing materials.
Researchers at Children's Hospital Los Angeles have developed a new CAR T therapy that targets solid tumors in children, including neuroblastoma. The modified therapy uses a unique protein called synNotch to selectively kill cancer cells while sparing healthy tissue.
Scientists have discovered a previously unknown enzymatic function of the Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) protein EBNA1, which could lead to new approaches for treating EBV-associated cancers. The study sheds light on how this protein helps replicate and maintain the viral genome in infected cells.
Researchers will collaborate on new approaches to treating head and neck cancers associated with Fanconi anemia and human papillomavirus (HPV). The funding will support research into genetic defects that cause these cancers, which have higher rates in Black people, particularly men.
The Minnesota Partnership has awarded five teams with nearly $5 million in research grants to develop a long-lasting COVID-19 vaccine, new treatments for breast and other cancers, and gene-editing techniques to prevent birth defects. The projects will focus on improving treatment of diseases such as cancer and genetic disorders.
Scientists at Thomas Jefferson University discovered that CRY-1, a regulator of circadian rhythms, promotes tumor progression by altering DNA repair mechanisms. The study found that CRY-1 is strongly associated with poor outcomes in late-stage prostate cancers.
A study of 419 breast MRI examinations found new suspicious findings in 5.5% of patients, but all were benign; results suggest biopsies may not be necessary for patients responding well to neoadjuvant therapy.
This issue of APSB features studies on the anticancer effects of berberine, baicalein's potent antivirus ability against HSV-1, and a new class of PDE10A inhibitors for treating PAH. Additionally, several articles explore innovative drug delivery systems and novel targets for cancer therapy.
A recent study published in Cancer reveals that having multiple oral sex partners and engaging in high-intensity sex at a younger age significantly increase the likelihood of developing HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer. The research also found that older sexual partners and extramarital relationships are associated with higher risk.
Researchers improved understanding of intestinal stem cells' renewal and differentiation into specialized cell types. They identified a specific Wnt/planar cell polarity pathway regulating intestinal stem cell self-renewal and lineage decisions, crucial for treating diseases like diabetes and colorectal cancer.
Researchers developed a novel, patient-derived model of ulcerative colitis to identify promising targets for new treatments. The model showed that inhibiting CXCL8 expression slowed disease progression.
A study by researchers at UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center found that MRI frequently underestimates the size of prostate tumors, which can lead to undertreatment. The accuracy of treatment depends on precise measurements of both tumor size and PI-RADS score.
Scientists at The Wistar Institute have developed an ACSS2 inhibitor that impairs cancer growth in preclinical models by depriving malignant cells of a critical nutrient source. This approach targets acetate metabolism, which is essential for tumor growth under conditions of low nutrient and oxygen availability.
Researchers at Osaka University discovered that liver cancer cells induce autophagy in nearby stromal cells, leading to the secretion of GDF15, which enhances tumor growth. High levels of GDF15 are associated with a poorer prognosis in HCC patients.
Researchers at H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center have identified SATB1 as a potential new drug target for treating cutaneous T cell lymphoma. Decreased expression of this protein contributes to the development of CTCL, and drugs that restore its expression may be effective against the disease.
Researchers have developed reconstituted in-vitro human organs called assembloids, which precisely mimic the structure and function of human tissues. The new technology surpasses current organoid technology by modeling complex diseases like cancer and neurological disorders.
This study investigated SARS-CoV-2 infection among patients with cancer receiving antitumor treatment in Italy. The results show a notable rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection, highlighting the vulnerability of cancer patients to COVID-19.
Researchers discovered that cancer cells resistant to adult leukemia treatment are already present in tumors before diagnosis, according to a new study published by IRB Barcelona. The study analyzed genome sequencing data from 19 adult patients and found that these resistant cells were undetectable at the time of diagnosis.
Researchers developed inhibitors targeting mitochondrial DNA, affecting only rapidly dividing cells like cancer cells. Treatment stopped cell proliferation and reduced tumour growth without harming healthy cells.
The Patient Researcher Forum allows patients and researchers to learn from each other, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration. The program has a positive impact on perspectives of both parties, with patients gaining insight into the importance of cancer research and researchers becoming more patient-centered in their work.
Post-neoadjuvant therapy changes in metabolic metrics from PET/MRI and morphologic metrics from CT were associated with pathologic response and overall survival in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Serum CA 19-9 levels did not predict pathologic response or survival.
Researchers discovered that melatonin may regulate gene expression and intensify tumor suppressor genes, leading to increased tumor cell death and reduced proliferation. The study identified target genes for melatonin, which could guide personalized therapies for breast cancer patients.
Researchers at Children's Hospital Colorado have characterized the development of Natural Killer cells and innate lymphoid cells, crucial components in human health and disease. The findings pave the way for tailored therapies for children and adults undergoing cancer treatments.
A study by researchers at Dartmouth's Geisel School of Medicine found that active surveillance can be successfully implemented in patients with low-risk thyroid cancer. The study shows that 91% of patients adhered to the prescribed ultrasonography schedule and retention rates were high, with only 4.5% choosing surgery after two years.
Research reveals Aspergillus fumigatus activates inflammasome through galactosaminogalactan, increasing inflammation. The fungal pathogen's GAG is essential for NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
The Oncotarget journal has launched a special collection on breast cancer, featuring newly published scientific papers on prognostic markers, risk factors, therapies, and gene studies. This free-to-read resource aims to promote a better understanding of the latest breast cancer research.
Researchers have re-engineered human adenovirus to evade liver and innate immune systems, enabling systemic delivery without triggering life-threatening toxicities. The modified virus can selectively kill tumor cells while sparing healthy tissue, offering a new avenue for metastatic cancer treatment.
A fundamental way cells interpret signals from their environment has been revealed by researchers at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. The Hippo pathway, which constrains cell division and regulates organ size, can be activated by multiple signaling inputs.
Researchers found that CRYM protein binds to hormone T3 and blocks cell membrane formation, inhibiting tumour growth. Lower CRYM levels are associated with poor prognosis.
A recent study published in Medical Cannabis and Cannabinoids found that CBD oils are equally or less effective than pure CBD at inhibiting the growth of certain cancer cells. The researchers tested different types of CBD oil against pure CBD on various cancer cell lines, including brain, skin, and colorectal cancers.
A new outpatient procedure has been shown to provide significant pain relief for patients with moderate to severe osteoarthritis in their hip and shoulder joints. Treatment involves the placement of needles where sensory nerves exist, followed by a low-grade current that 'stuns' them, slowing pain transmission to the brain.
A new diagnostic tool has been developed to predict which cancer patients are most likely to benefit from immunotherapy treatments. The tool analyzes the interactions between immune cells and tumor cells, as well as the activation state of immune checkpoints.
Researchers found that cold atmospheric plasma can kill the novel coronavirus on surfaces such as plastic, metal, and leather within 30 seconds. The treatment uses argon-fed plasma and has been shown to be effective against other viruses like SARS-CoV-2.
A recent study found that racial/ethnic minorities comprise only a small percentage of patients with AL amyloidosis, despite being theoretically at higher risk. Younger age and more severe illness were observed among minority patients, who were also less likely to undergo aggressive treatment with stem cell transplantation.