Research on new and better ways to treat cancer. Covers radiotherapy, targeted microdroplets, nerve-injury protection, drug combinations, and tumor models.
Researchers identified a minimal set of defined factors that can convert normal human fibroblast cells to liver cancer cells, providing a mechanistic proof-of-principle for understanding why certain mutations cause cancer in particular tissues.
Researchers have found that hormone profiles before and after treatment play a significant role in the success of therapy for breast cancer. This finding could lead to improved treatment options and better outcomes for patients.
A new combination treatment has shown significant tumor shrinkage and prolonged survival in patients with metastatic uveal melanoma. The treatment, which targets HDAC and PD-1 proteins, was found to work better in tumors with active BAP1 genes, a key discovery that may lead to improved survival rates.
Researchers developed a new cancer therapy combining sulforaphane (SFN) and acetazolamide (AZ), which inhibits the PI3K/Akt/mTOR survival pathway and reduces 5-HT secretion in carcinoid syndrome. The combination therapy induces apoptosis in tumor cells, upregulates the p21 cell cycle inhibitor, and downregulates the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.
Researchers have uncovered a weakness in the key enzyme that solid tumour cancer cells rely on to adapt and survive when oxygen levels are low. Inhibiting this enzyme, called Carbonic Anhydrase IX (CAIX), can effectively stop cancer cell growth.
Researchers compared the accuracy of two types of fecal tests for detecting colorectal cancer, finding that both types are reliable when thresholds are adjusted. The study suggests that health providers should select the best type of test based on specific demands in screening settings.
A population-based cohort study in Canada identified mortality patterns for different types of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), revealing varying risks of cancer-related and non-cancer death. The study found that small NETs can be safely monitored, while larger tumors may require more aggressive treatment.
Researchers from Okayama University conducted a randomized trial to assess the benefits of interventions for early cancer screening in patients with schizophrenia. The study found that 47.1% of counseled patients underwent colorectal cancer screening, compared to 11.8% of those receiving only usual treatment.
Monash University researchers have established a vast collection of living prostate cancer tumors from patients, enabling the testing of new treatments and advancing patient care. The PDX collection comprises 59 tumors collected from 30 patients between 2012-2020, providing a unique resource for scientists and pharmaceutical companies.
Researchers uncover a neuro-immune process by which brain signals instruct immune function in visceral fat stores, providing new approaches for fighting obesity and related illness. The study identifies a critical mediator of neuro-immune communication, mesenchymal cells, and reveals the molecular messages exchanged across all steps.
A research team from Okayama University has reported the potential of a berry-producing vine, Vitis coignetiae Pulliat (Yamabudo), against lung cancer in mice. The study found that extracts from Yamabudo and its chemical compounds display tumor-suppressing properties by repairing DNA damage and suppressing growth signaling pathways.
Recent studies demonstrate the applications of LC-MS in characterizing Traditional Chinese Medicine formulations, real-time drug measurement, and bioactive compounds from Osmanthus fragrans. These techniques offer high sensitivity, robustness, and ease of use for quality assessment and characterization.
Black, Hispanic, Indigenous and Asian Americans remain underrepresented in pancreatic cancer clinical trials, despite federal mandates. The lack of diversity hurts patients and science alike, with racial and ethnic minorities accounting for a disproportionate burden of pancreatic cancer cases.
A single-center retrospective study found that AI-CAD reduced recall rates and improved accuracy compared to digital mammography (DM) and DBT. The study showed lower recall rates and higher accuracy for DM with AI-CAD, indicating a practical addition to lowering false-positive findings.
Researchers developed a 'frameshifting' therapy that alters mRNA to reduce mast cell tumor size and prevent organ infiltration. The treatment, targeting the c-KIT gene, shows promise in reducing KIT protein expression, signaling, and function.
A phase II clinical trial of remetinostat gel found a 69.7% response rate to the topical treatment, with complete responses observed across multiple BCC subtypes, and a durable response in nodular BCCs.
A new study analyzes 377 severe harm and death incidents in acute medical units across England and Wales between 2005-2015. The most common incident types were diagnostic errors, medication-related errors, and failures in monitoring patients. Implementing electronic prescribing systems and checklists can reduce diagnostic errors, while...
A big data study from UNSW Sydney found that Australian cancer patients kept up their pharmaceutical treatments during last year's COVID-19 lockdowns. The researchers attribute the good news to relatively low rates of COVID-19 infections in Australia, which minimally impacted cancer treatment patterns.
A new droplet digital PCR-based assay for HPV16 circulating tumor DNA was developed to predict treatment response in metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Longitudinal changes of HPV16 ctDNA correlate with treatment response, allowing for early identification of treatment failure.
Moffitt researchers identify PARP16 as a novel functionally relevant target for talazoparib, which enhances anti-cancer effects in small cell lung cancer and Ewing sarcoma. Combination treatment with talazoparib and adavosertib results in enhanced anti-cancer activity.
The ASMBS Foundation has awarded two research grants totaling $50,000 to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on adolescents with obesity and the effects of cannabis use after bariatric surgery. The studies will help improve the understanding of these conditions and develop effective therapies.
A team from UNIGE and HUG used information theory to study the molecular regulations behind cancer cell adaptation to targeted therapies. They found that a large reversible component of resistance exists, which can be modulated by therapeutic combinations.
Scientists from UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center identified TAF12 as critical to the formation of preinitiation complexes, which are necessary for gene transcription. Eliminating TAF12 destroys preinitiation complexes and drastically reduces genome-wide transcription.
Luay Nakhleh's team will use single-cell DNA data from the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center to identify mutations at the root of the disease and how they evolve in tumors. By building open-source models and tools, they aim to refine cancer treatments and predict patient outcomes.
A new robotic neck brace designed by Columbia Engineering can precisely detect changes in patient neck movements during routine clinical visits. The device can help identify patients who may have issues with neck movement, enabling targeted physical therapy interventions to improve recovery outcomes.
Severe PES is characterized by high fever, rash, diarrhea, and increased transplant-related mortality. A study revealed that monocytes derived from cord blood produce proinflammatory cytokines, leading to PES. Tocilizumab treatment significantly controlled clinical symptoms and reduced mortality in patients with severe PES
Researchers identified that macrophages from different types of monocytes respond to inflammation in opposing ways, with CD14+monocytes being more prone to a pro-inflammatory response. This could lead to targeted activation of macrophages for cancer treatment by choosing the most suitable monocyte subset.
A new study by CNIO researchers has found that blocking the RagC protein's signals can delay the onset of follicular lymphoma in animal models. The strategy may also be effective in treating autoimmune diseases.
A new study found that a stunning virtual reality setting can reduce pain caused by uncomfortable medical procedures, such as cystoscopies. The research used VR headsets to present patients with a calming Icelandic landscape, resulting in lower pain scores and reduced anxiety.
Scientists have found that short-chain fatty acids can increase the efficiency of tumor therapies by boosting the activity of killer cells. The researchers identified pentanoate, produced by Megasphaera massiliensis bacteria, as a key player in this process.
Research found nearly two-thirds of patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer had multiple co-existing chronic conditions, leading to a mean treatment burden of 8.9 days. Rural patients consistently had higher treatment burden than urban counterparts.
Researchers analyzed molecular analysis data from a pediatric melanoma registry, identifying diverse subgroups and their characteristics. The study found that spitzoid melanomas often have gene fusions and benign clinical courses, while conventional melanoma patients with advanced disease had poorer outcomes.
Research at Kumamoto University found that LSD1 produces unique metabolic profiles depending on the type of acute myeloid leukemia cells. LSD1 inhibitors may be effective in treating erythroleukemia (EL) with high LSD1 expression levels, and could lead to personalized therapies for various leukemia types.
Researchers discovered that laminins, specifically laminin γ1, play a crucial role in mediating cell attachment and penetration for oncolytic viruses like H-1PV. This finding may lead to the development of more efficient clinical trials with reduced costs and approval times.
The partnership aims to reduce the risk of relapse in Stage 2 melanoma patients using BRAF and MEK targeted therapies. EORTC and Pierre Fabre will conduct a large Phase 3 study to advance research in melanoma.
A new study found that a double stimulation approach, known as DuoStim, is as efficient as conventional two cycles of ovarian stimulation and reduces the time to pregnancy in predicted poor responders. This strategy recruits multiple follicles on any day of the cycle, benefiting patients with low egg collection and high treatment failu...
A team of researchers has identified a protein complex that promotes breast cancer growth, which can be disrupted to hinder tumor development. Non-toxic peptides were developed to prevent the abnormal interaction between RBM39 and MLL1 proteins in breast cancer cells.
Researchers have developed a novel synthesis method using peptides to create green gold nanoparticles, which can target and destroy cancer cells using near-infrared light. The findings provide an easy and eco-friendly protocol for Au nanoparticle synthesis, opening doors to non-toxic nanoparticle therapeutic agents.
The study investigated the association of the IGF/CTP score with overall survival and progression-free survival in CTP class A patients with advanced HCC treated with sorafenib. In these patients, IGF/CTP score B was associated with shorter PFS and OS, indicating a more accurate predictive tool for treatment outcomes.
A study by the American Cancer Society found a 10.2% decline in real-time electronic pathology reports from population-based cancer registries in 2020 compared to 2019. The study suggests substantial delays in diagnosis and treatment services for cancers during the pandemic.
A new study by NYUAD researchers demonstrates a small molecule protein mimetic can reactivate the tumor suppressor protein p53, which is often mutated and deactivated in cancer. The treatment effectively shrinks tumors and prolongs survival with no noticeable toxicity to healthy tissue.
A new multiplex technique developed at Goethe University Frankfurt allows simulating millions of genetic defect combinations and studying their effects in cell culture. This enables the identification of genes involved in cancer and other complex diseases suitable as targets for therapies.
A recent EULAR study found that treatment with tumor necrosis factor inhibitors can slow the progression of radiographic sacroiliitis in patients with axSpA. This effect becomes apparent 2-4 years after treatment initiation, according to the research.
Foresight Diagnostics is presenting its proprietary PhasED-Seq technology at ICML for improved minimal residual disease (MRD) detection rates in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients. The technology has been shown to detect relapsing disease 200 days earlier than current methods.
A team of researchers has developed a combined imaging and machine learning technique that can measure glycolysis in single endothelial cells, revealing a new mechanism of glucose transport. This breakthrough could lead to better treatments for cancer, vascular diseases, and COVID-19.
Researchers engineered NK cells to resist immune suppression and eliminated glioblastoma stem cells using inhibitors targeting TGF-β receptors. The study suggests a combinatorial approach of NK cell-based immunotherapy with disruption of the TGF-β signaling axis for treating glioblastoma.
A new therapy has been shown to reduce amyloid beta plaque deposits and toxic tau levels in elderly monkeys' brains, slowing neurodegeneration. The treatment also improved cognitive function in the monkeys, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic approach for Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers discovered that cancer cells hijack an ageing gene to block environmental factors and gain a competitive advantage over healthy stem cells. The study's findings suggest that blocking the function of this enzyme could lead to new therapies for patients predisposed to intestinal cancers.
Andrea Ablasser is awarded the EMBO Gold Medal 2021 for her groundbreaking research on how cells recognize double-stranded DNA as a danger signal. Her work may pave the way for therapeutic opportunities for inflammatory conditions and cancer treatment.
A convolutional neural network-based algorithm predicts tumor mutational burden-high (TMB-H) colorectal cancer response to immunotherapy. The model uses histopathological characteristics, particularly tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, from hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides.
The National Pharmaceutical Regulatory Agency of Malaysia has granted conditional registration to a new hepatitis C treatment combination developed through public-private partnership. The treatment, ravidasvir, was shown to be effective and well-tolerated in clinical trials, with cure rates of up to 97%.
Researchers at the University of Bradford say naked mole rats' long lifespan and resistance to cancer could lead to new treatments for degenerative diseases like cancer and dementia. The animals' unique DNA repair mechanism may provide insights into preventing these conditions, with potential applications in humans.
A recent study has revealed a wide range of cost variations and transparency levels in the treatment of thyroid cancer. The research, conducted by Brigham and Women's Hospital, found that only half of the cancer centers studied reported payer-negotiated prices for services, with some costs varying by up to 70-fold across institutions.
Researchers analyzed tumor microenvironment of 26 patients with metastatic melanoma to identify patient response in advance of therapy. They found that specific immune cells, such as DC3s, are associated with improved overall survival and active T cell immune response.
Researchers analyzed 430 lung squamous tumors and identified mutations in genes such as TP53, CDKN2A, and FGFR1. The study found that 13.5% of patients with druggable mutations had lower median overall survival.
The Treatabolome project is an EU initiative that seeks to deliver rare disease and gene-specific treatment information to healthcare professionals. Systematic reviews on various rare neurological disorders are now available, providing a foundation for the platform's database.
A Swedish study found a link between HPV infection and increased risk of preterm birth, even in women without previous abnormal cell changes. The study included over 1 million births and suggested that vaccination against HPV may be beneficial for pregnancy outcomes.
A study published in Oncotarget found a distinct global DNA hypermethylation pattern and gene expression signature in liver cancer among patients with Indigenous American ancestry. This molecular subtype of HCC preferentially affects people with Indigenous ancestry, highlighting the importance of considering anthropological background ...
The study reveals that 1B3, a novel synthetic miR-193a-3p mimic, consistently suppresses several pro-tumorigenic phenotypes in vitro, including reduced cell proliferation, viability, and induced apoptosis. The pleiotropic mechanism of 1B3 action supports its development as a novel therapeutic agent for cancer treatment.
Researchers investigated mRNA vaccination response in Israeli cancer patients. Patients with cancer who received the vaccine showed seropositivity, indicating an immune response against SARS-CoV-2. The study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of mRNA vaccines in this vulnerable population.