Articles tagged with Cancer Treatments
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Researchers from University of Washington and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center propose using multigroup, adaptively randomized trials to compare multiple COVID-19 interventions. This design may reduce adverse outcomes during trials and enable faster implementation of effective treatments.
Research by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill found significantly higher medical costs for treating metastatic breast cancer in younger women compared to earlier-stage cancer patients or those without cancer. Treatment continues for longer and includes end-of-life care, contributing to high costs.
A single-center retrospective study of 282 patients with early or locally advanced lung adenocarcinoma found that EGFR-mutated lung cancer had increased rates of metastatic recurrence. Early identification of these recurrences is crucial, given the improved post-relapse survival observed in this population.
A good vitamin D status is associated with a lower cancer risk, particularly in colon and blood cancers. Vitamin D responsiveness varies between individuals, affecting their need for supplementation.
Researchers report a case of hyperprogression in metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients treated with immunotherapy combinations, highlighting the need for biomarker development and treatment strategies. Cabozantinib shows promise in controlling hyperprogression, but clinical trials are needed to identify optimal approaches.
A team of scientists has discovered key factors controlling the genome maintenance and replication of KSHV, a virus responsible for lymphatic vascular cancer. The study reveals that two central proteins regulate gene expression on DNA, supporting tumor formation and representing new therapeutic targets.
A new study found that fecal transplants can reduce intestinal permeability in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a condition associated with metabolic syndrome and autoimmune diseases. The treatment shows promise for improving gut health and preventing further inflammation.
New phenothiazine derivatives containing phenyl groups show high potential for use as photochemical agents in surgical operations and cancer treatment. The compounds' stability was ensured through the formation of binary associates, providing greater absorption in near-infrared spectrum.
A new machine learning approach classifies gliomas into low or high grades with near-perfect accuracy, enabling clinicians to choose the most effective treatment strategy. Researchers developed the method using MRI scans from over 200 patients and achieved an accuracy rate of 97.54%, outperforming state-of-the-art approaches.
University of California, Berkeley researchers Lydia Sohn and Molly Kozminsky introduce cellular mechanophenotyping to study cancer cell behavior. They aim to measure the mechanical properties of cells to reveal their ability to develop and spread.
Autoimmune diseases, common in the US after cancer and heart disease, are a mystery due to compromised tolerance. A $1.95M NIH grant will fund research to understand why the immune system attacks its own body.
Researchers at UT Arlington are using machine-learning algorithms and computational biology to refine lung cancer treatments. The project aims to customize patient treatment based on individualized prediction models that integrate pathological images and molecular profiling data.
A new study found that age does not necessarily disqualify older patients from breast cancer surgery, but serious adverse events are rare. Surgery can have a negative impact on quality of life and functional independence in older patients.
A new study by the American Cancer Society finds that racial disparities in cancer mortality result in significant economic losses, with $3.2 billion in lost earnings avoided in 2015 if non-Hispanic black cancer deaths and earning rates had been equal to those of non-Hispanic white cancer patients. The study highlights the importance o...
A recent study published in the British Journal of Haematology investigated COVID-19 infection outcomes in blood cancer patients, finding that most recovered despite weakened immune systems. Age and co-existing health conditions were significant factors in determining patient outcomes.
A randomized phase 3 trial found no improvement in progression-free survival for carfilzomib compared to the standard treatment bortezomib. Carfilzomib was associated with higher very good partial response rates but more severe toxicities, including cardiac and renal issues.
A new test developed by researchers at the University of Birmingham uses complex sugars to detect prostate cancer earlier and with greater accuracy. The test identifies glycans in blood that are associated with different cancers, allowing for more precise diagnoses.
A new method, called localized electroporation, enables repeated, non-destructive sampling of cells to study dynamic processes over time. This allows researchers to investigate how enzymatic activity varies between healthy cells and cancerous tumor biopsies.
Dana-Farber nurse-scientists have received major research grants to develop innovative smoking cessation programs and study the causes of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. The projects aim to improve lung health and treatment outcomes for cancer patients.
A recent Danish study found that having a child with cancer does not increase the risk of parents experiencing separation or divorce. The researchers also discovered that children with cancer do not negatively impact parents' future family planning decisions.
A study found that breast cancer survivors underutilize recommended strategies for reducing fatigue, despite high prevalence and persistence. The analysis also revealed differences in utilization of physical activity and supportive care depending on the type of fatigue experienced.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, bladder cancer patients with low-risk tumors can be safely managed with active surveillance, while those with high-risk tumors should proceed with active treatment. For muscle-invasive bladder cancer, radical cystectomy with urinary diversion is recommended.
The COVID-19 pandemic presents significant challenges for cancer patients receiving immune-engaging treatments, according to a recent study. The authors highlight the need for healthcare providers to balance the benefits of these treatments with the increased risk of severe illness during the pandemic.
The International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer found that molecular testing rates for lung cancer are less than 50% in most countries. The most frequent barrier to testing was cost, followed by quality/standards and access.
Research identified potentially treatable genetic mutations in prostate cancer patients who did not respond to PSMA-targeted therapy. Targeted next-generation gene sequencing found mutations in six out of seven patients, including alterations in DNA damage-repair genes such as TP53, ATM, and CHEK2.
Researchers developed a novel biosensor to diagnose and monitor autoimmune disorders, measuring autoantibody concentration and activity with high sensitivity. The tool enables the creation of new diagnostic criteria and approaches to treatment, offering improved accuracy and reliability.
Glioblastoma cells acquire radiation resistance by dumping exosomal microRNA miR-603, leading to increased protein production and insensitivity to radiation. This study reveals a new therapeutic strategy for overcoming cancer cell resistance.
A Swedish study of over half a million women reveals that early mammography screening significantly lowers the rates of advanced and fatal breast cancers. The analysis found a 41% reduction in fatal breast cancers and a 25% reduction in advanced breast cancer cases among screened participants.
The updated guidelines reflect a shift towards outpatient care and non-emergency surgery for left-sided colonic diverticulitis. Key findings include the preference for minimal colectomy approaches when expertise is available, and an increased focus on evidence-based recommendations.
A recent analysis of published studies found that many cancer survivors lack awareness of financial toxicity and are unprepared for its impacts. Despite coping mechanisms, they still have unmet needs for managing financial toxicity.
University of Virginia researchers are pioneering a new approach using focused ultrasound to deliver treatments directly into the brain. The technology, which can selectively open the blood-brain barrier, has shown promising results in treating conditions like Alzheimer's, epilepsy, and brain tumors.
A new multi-arm, multi-stage (MAMS) trial platform is proposed to evaluate potential therapies for Parkinson's disease, potentially accelerating the search for a cure. This approach has already been successful in other diseases, such as prostate and renal cancer, and could speed up trials by eliminating unsuccessful treatments early.
Researchers analyzed over 2700 C. elegans genomes to understand the causes of mutations. They found that DNA damage and inaccurate repair mechanisms can lead to mutations, which are a root cause of cancer. The study challenges the assumption of a single cause for mutational signatures in cancer genomes.
A recent study found that advancing age is not a barrier to effective cancer treatment for older adults. The PREOP risk score tool helps guide treatment decisions by assessing factors such as nutritional status and physical condition.
A new study reveals significant immune changes occur early in multiple myeloma development, including increased natural killer cells and loss of memory T cells. These findings may lead to personalized treatment strategies based on the immune microenvironment of each patient's disease.
Researchers found that people with depression have impaired mood homeostasis, which can be improved through targeted interventions. The study suggests that training individuals to regulate their mood through daily activities could prevent or better treat depression.
A study found that using family history-based guidelines to identify individuals for early screening could help detect young-onset colorectal cancer. Researchers analyzed data from adults with and without colorectal cancer and estimated the potential impact of these guidelines on early detection and prevention.
A new grant aims to gather evidence on the safest pulse rate for pediatric swallow studies, ensuring both safety and diagnostic accuracy. Research shows that developing cells in children are more susceptible to radiation than mature ones.
Researchers developed a new method to separate extracellular vesicles from urine with high purity, revealing protein signatures specific to urological cancers. This breakthrough brings us closer to developing promising new urine tests for faster diagnosis and timely treatment of urological cancers.
Caspase-6 plays a critical role in regulating the ZBP1-NLRP3 inflammasome, facilitating PANoptosis during viral infection. Modulation of caspase-6 could be beneficial for treating viral diseases like influenza and other inflammatory diseases including cancer.
Researchers have discovered a way to trigger heart cell regeneration using the overactive Myc gene, offering a potential first curative treatment for heart disease. The breakthrough involves targeting a specific protein, Cyclin T1, which enables the cells to replicate and regenerate.
A new study has identified a potent Nrf2 inhibitor, triptolide, as a promising therapeutic approach for IDH1-mutated glioma. The research reveals that disrupting the glutathione synthesis pathway establishes synergistic lethality with a neomorphic IDH1 mutation.
Pulsed electromagnetic field therapy significantly decreases prostate volume and improves lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Men without metabolic syndrome benefit most from the treatment.
A new prognostic tool called IPS-E predicts how long CLL patients can wait before starting treatment, helping alleviate frustration and improve decision making. The tool is based on three widely available tests and categorizes patients into low, intermediate, or high risk of needing treatment within five years.
A new therapy targeting Gaucher disease has been discovered using nanovesicles, which can selectively target brain tissue and deliver enzyme replacement therapy without harming healthy cells. This approach shows promise in treating other neurologic conditions like Parkinson's disease.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies found that consuming a diet high in fiber was associated with a reduced incidence of breast cancer. The findings suggest that soluble fiber and higher total fiber intake are linked to lower risks of breast cancer, particularly in premenopausal and postmenopausal women.
Researchers create a radiotracer labelled with the fluorine isotope 18F, enabling visualization of special transport proteins often found in cancer cells. The new compound has a relatively short half-life of 110 minutes and can be produced automatically.
A case study suggests that tocilizumab may effectively address severe COVID-19 symptoms in patients with multiple myeloma and other blood cancers. The patient's IL-6 levels decreased aftertocilizumab treatment, and his symptoms resolved.
Researchers at UCI found that depriving colon cancer cells of glutamine causes them to adapt and become more invasive, but a modified version of the metabolite alpha-ketoglutarate inhibits key signaling pathways and curbs tumor growth
Researchers at Nagoya University's ITbM discovered two new compounds that target specific components of the circadian clock. KL101 and TH301 lengthen the period of the circadian clock and are expected to provide a promising foundation for treating obesity.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital discovered a novel predisposition gene, ELP1, in the SHH subgroup of pediatric medulloblastoma, affecting 40% of cases. The study found that patients with this mutation tend to do well on therapy and may benefit from tailored treatment in the future.
Scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have identified the ABCC4 transporter as critical to the SHH signaling pathway in medulloblastoma. Targeting this transporter shows promise for treating this disease, with increased expression correlating to poor overall survival.
A phase 3 clinical trial found that oral octreotide capsules effectively control symptoms of acromegaly in adults without pain or lost workdays. The treatment has the potential to expand options for patients beyond injectables.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center identified potential therapeutic targets for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma by studying the activity of protein TAp63 and microRNAs. The study found that miR-30c-2* and miR-497, which are normally expressed in normal skin, are underexpressed in cuSCC tumors and inhibit growth when reintroduced.
Cervical cancer screening rates dropped by over 3% in four areas of Miyagi Prefecture after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake, with rates still lower five years later. Long-term monitoring is needed to restore screening rates in affected areas.
A new study found increasing global rates of liver cancer, particularly in people aged 30-59 years and 60 years and older, as well as a notable increase in men. The research, published in the journal Cancer, also revealed that hepatitis B vaccinations and obesity are associated with decreased rates of liver cancer in younger adults.
The study discovered a link between the amount of DESNT subtype cells in a tumor sample and disease progression. The findings also identified three new subtypes of prostate cancer that could be used to stratify patients for different treatments.
Researchers found that plasma monitoring by RT-PCR-based EGFR mutation test can rapidly identify NSCLC patients resistant to osimertinib treatment due to different types of mutations. The study suggests that fluctuating levels of EGFR sensitizing mutations in plasma reflect tumor burden.
A recent study reveals that the loss of protein MCL1 can drive cancer formation in the intestine, even without bacterial-driven inflammation. The research found that mice lacking MCL1 developed tumors and intestinal damage, similar to human cases with chronic intestinal inflammation.
Researchers redefine Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) as Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD), a condition characterized by liver fat build-up affecting over 1 billion people. The new definition aims to improve treatment pathways, trial design, and drug development for this disease.