Articles tagged with Radiation Therapy
The study found that dose-escalated radiotherapy with short-term androgen deprivation therapy improved rates of biochemical failure, distant metastases, and prostate cancer-specific mortality. However, the trial did not meet its primary endpoint of improving overall survival for men with intermediate-risk prostate cancer.
A recent study published in Journal of Clinical Oncology found that dose-escalated radiotherapy with short-term androgen deprivation therapy showed no significant impact on urinary or bowel quality of life for men with intermediate-risk prostate cancer. However, the treatment did significantly decrease hormone and sexual quality of lif...
Researchers at the University of Colorado Cancer Center have made a breakthrough in treating pancreatic cancer by combining radiation and immunotherapy. The treatment eradicates tumors while stopping the cancer from spreading, offering new hope for patients. Clinical trials are planned to further develop this therapy.
The NRG Oncology study found that stereotactic radiosurgery was not superior to conventional external beam radiotherapy in terms of pain response, and even showed worse pain response at 3 months. Conventional radiotherapy remained effective with a 50-60% pain relief rate, but only lasting four months.
An international study of 1,044 patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma found that combining radiotherapy with chemotherapy significantly improves survival rates compared to radiotherapy alone. The benefit was particularly notable in patients between 65-79 years old with good general health.
Researchers found that participants with lower written health literacy experienced longer delays in initiating postoperative radiation therapy. The study controlled for demographic and clinical factors, highlighting the importance of health literacy in cancer care.
A phase 2 clinical trial found improved neurocognitive outcomes and comparable survival rates for children with craniopharyngioma treated with proton therapy compared to photon therapy. The study highlights the therapeutic advantage of proton therapy in sparing normal brain tissue and reducing collateral effects.
Researchers developed an ingestible X-ray dosimeter that detects radiation dose in real time, providing accurate monitoring of radiotherapy. The capsule tracks biochemical indicators like pH and temperature, enabling enhanced treatment precision for gastric cancer patients.
Scientists have engineered a unique strain of probiotic bacteria to over-express a metal transporter that binds and concentrates copper, facilitating the delivery of radionuclide therapy to cancer cells. This approach targets tumors without relying on specific receptors, making it potentially effective against treatment-resistant cancers.
Researchers found a modest increased risk of developing heart disease among people exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation. The study suggests that guidelines for protection of workers and patients should be reconsidered to minimize the risks associated with low-dose radiation exposure.
Researchers found that senescence-associated exosomes (SA-EXOs) from MSCs induce fibrosis and activate invasive characteristics in neighboring cells via the TGF-β pathway. SA-EXOs play a large role in cancer-related fibrosis, and their unique miRNA content influences myofibroblast phenotypes.
Scientists discovered a new type of DNA repair mechanism that cancer cells use to recover from next-generation cancer radiation therapy. DNA polymerase θ (POLQ) is an important factor in repairing complex DNA double-strand breaks, and inhibiting POLQ may augment the efficacy of heavy ion radiation therapy.
Researchers found that increasing melanin levels in human skin reduces Cherenkov emission intensity, while blood concentration affects different color channels. The study suggests using multispectral signatures to correct attenuated signals based on patient's blood volume or skin color.
The ProtecT trial found that active monitoring of prostate cancer has the same high survival rates after 15 years as radiotherapy or surgery. Men on active monitoring were more likely to see their cancer progress, but this didn't reduce their likelihood of survival.
Researchers found that patients receiving salvage radiation therapy (sRT) with PSA levels above 0.25 ng/mL had a 50% higher risk of death compared to those with lower PSA levels. The study suggests delaying sRT until PSA levels exceed 0.30 ng/mL may increase mortality risk.
A recent study found that immunotherapy costs accounted for 84% of the net increase in Medicare spending on outpatient cancer care at the end of life. Payments for radiation oncology decreased by 2%, while palliative care spending rose, reflecting a shift towards hypofractionated radiation treatments.
A recent study suggests that routine evaluation of HER2 expression in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is crucial to avoid under or overtreatment. The research found a significant association between HER2 overexpression and a higher risk of recurrence, as well as improved radiotherapy outcomes.
A new study suggests that radiotherapy does not improve survival rates in older breast cancer patients with early-stage breast cancer. The 10-year study found that adding radiotherapy to breast-conserving surgery and hormone therapy did not increase death rates among patients aged 65 or older.
A new study published in the International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology and Physics found that stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is an effective treatment for early stage lung neuroendocrine tumors. The three-, six- and nine-year local control rates with SBRT were 97%, 91% and 91%, respectively.
Researchers found a molecular staple called NIHCOLE that helps liver cancer cells repair broken DNA, making them resistant to radiotherapy. Understanding this mechanism may lead to the development of new strategies to combat liver cancers with poor prognosis.
Researchers are launching a clinical trial testing azeliragon, a RAGE inhibitor, with chemoradiotherapy to re-sensitize brain tumours that resist radiotherapy. The trial aims to predict radioresistance in brain metastasis using liquid biopsy.
A team of researchers from Korea and USA identified the importance of lipid homeostasis in overcoming brain cancer radioresistance. They found that regulating diacylglycerol kinase B and diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 could potentially sensitize brain cancer cells to radiotherapy, offering a new treatment strategy.
A new study found that MRI-guided radiotherapy is more effective than CT-guided therapy in reducing side effects and improving quality of life for patients with localized prostate cancer. The trial involved 154 patients, who experienced fewer toxicities and better outcomes when treated with MRI guidance.
The EMBRACE-I study demonstrated the superiority of personalized brachytherapy in treating locally advanced cervical cancer. A targeted approach using magnetic resonance imaging-defined tumor volume resulted in a high tumor control rate and low risk of recurrence.
Researchers discovered that radiation damage to paternal DNA is passed on to offspring through a highly error-prone repair mechanism. This leads to structural changes in the paternal chromosomes and causes developmental defects. Histone proteins play a crucial role in shielding damaged chromosomes from accurate repair.
Researchers at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center discovered that common cancer treatments cause long-term damage to heart tissue by activating a key inflammatory signaling pathway. Inhibiting this pathway may reduce the risk of cancer survivors developing heart disease later in life.
A team at Massachusetts General Hospital found that skin produces β-endorphin in response to radiation therapy, contributing to fatigue. Blocking this hormone with opiate antagonist drugs might benefit patients.
A team led by Abhinav Jha is developing a novel low-count quantitative single photon emission computed tomography (LC-QSPECT) method to measure the concentration of radiopharmaceutical material in tumors and vital organs. This technique aims to provide accurate measurements of absorbed dose from radiation therapy, helping plan treatmen...
A recent study has unveiled how nucleotide excision repair (NER) is controlled at the molecular level, shedding light on its role in cancer treatment. The research revealed that TFIIH uses XPG to stimulate motor activity and locate damaged DNA, licensing XPG nuclease activity to excise it.
The updated guideline provides recommendations on the use of radiation therapy and systemic therapy after surgery to treat patients with endometrial cancer. It considers the role of surgical staging and molecular profiling techniques in determining whether a patient should receive post-operative therapy.
Researchers at University of Chicago Medical Center have identified biomarker predicting response to combined RT and ICB treatment in mNSCLC. High tumor aneuploidy associated with improved survival when RT is added to ICB, while low aneuploidy shows no survival benefit.
Researchers at the University of Waterloo have identified a new method for scheduling radiation therapy that could be up to 22% more effective at killing cancer cells. The algorithm takes into account the differing radiation resistances of stem cells and non-stem cells, allowing doctors to predict how a tumour will respond to treatment.
A recent study found that MRI-guided adaptive radiation therapy, also known as SMART, has shown promising safety and patient outcomes data for treating locally advanced and borderline resectable pancreatic cancer. The study, led by Henry Ford Health, reported no incidence of acute grade 3 or higher gastrointestinal toxicity, with preli...
A study by Edith Cowan University found that home-based exercise programs can accelerate recovery from cancer-related fatigue and improve health-related quality of life during radiotherapy. The research included 89 women who completed a 12-week program, with no adverse effects reported.
A 30-year follow-up study of patients with early breast cancer found that radiotherapy does not improve overall survival rates after 10 years but reduces the risk of recurrence in the same breast. The study's findings challenge traditional concepts of long-term anti-cancer benefits of radiotherapy.
Opaganib, an oral small molecule pill, shows potential as a nuclear radiation injury therapeutic for homeland security medical countermeasures and antitumor radiotherapy. The compound protects normal tissue from radiation damage and improves antitumor activity and response to chemoradiation.
Patients with non-metastatic soft tissue sarcoma can safely receive hypofractionated treatment over three weeks instead of five, achieving similar tumor control and no increased risk of wound complications. The study found comparable rates of major wound complications between the two treatment courses.
Advanced nanoparticles carrying a bacterially derived compound target the STING pathway, disrupting blood vessels and stimulating an immune response. This approach suppresses tumor growth and metastasis in several types of cancers.
The EXTEND trial found that combining metastasis-directed radiation therapy with intermittent hormone therapy improved progression-free survival in men with oligometastatic prostate cancer. The treatment also prolonged the time men could safely maintain normal testosterone levels, preserving their quality of life.
A new study finds that combining radiation with hormone therapy can improve outcomes for patients with oligometastatic prostate cancer. The trial showed that patients who received both treatments experienced longer progression-free survival and better testosterone levels after treatment.
A recent study found that patients treated with the combination of chemoradiation therapy and immunotherapy in a phase 3 clinical trial did not experience significant safety concerns. The treatment regimen showed no significant increase in toxicity compared to standard trimodality therapy alone.
A randomized phase III trial found that hypofractionated whole-breast radiation with concurrent boost is comparable to six weeks of treatment for patients with higher-risk disease, reducing tumor recurrence by 20-30%. The three-week course was non-inferior to the longer treatment in terms of tumor recurrence and cosmetic outcomes.
Adding stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) to sorafenib significantly improves overall survival, progression-free survival, and time to tumor progression in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. SBRT was shown to be effective without increasing toxicity.
A randomized phase III trial shows that adding radiation therapy to systemic therapy can delay tumor progression and lengthen survival without compromising quality of life. The combination of SBRT and sorafenib appears more effective than the drug on its own.
Researchers developed an AI model that uses daily step counts to predict the likelihood of unplanned hospitalization during cancer therapy, offering personalized care and potential prevention of treatment interruptions. The model was tested on data from wearable consumer devices and showed strong predictive performance.
A large clinical trial data analysis found that rates of locoregional recurrence are low regardless of regional node irradiation use. The study suggests a randomized clinical trial is required to answer the question of whether favorable-risk patients can safely skip RNI.
A Phase III trial found that hypo-fractionated whole breast irradiation (WBI) with concurrent boost is not inferior to conventional WBI with a sequential boost following lumpectomy in patients with high-risk, early-stage breast cancer. The study showed comparable effectiveness and toxicity outcomes between the two treatment options.
A randomized, phase III clinical trial found that patients who receive technical explanations from medical physicists before treatment have lower anxiety levels and higher satisfaction rates. Medical physicist consults can significantly improve patient outcomes by reducing stress and anxiety related to radiation therapy.
A phase II trial suggests that radiation can reduce painful complications and hospitalizations, and possibly extend overall survival in patients with advanced cancers. The study found that treating asymptomatic lesions with radiation reduced skeletal-related events and extended overall survival compared to those who received no radiation.
A phase III clinical trial confirms the safety and efficacy of a moderately shortened course of radiation therapy for men with high-risk prostate cancer. The study found no significant differences in survival rates, side effects, or recurrence between 5-week and 8-week radiation therapy.
In a first-in-human trial, FLASH radiation treatment was found safe and effective for pain relief in patients with bone metastases. The study showed significant pain relief in 7 out of 10 patients, with minimal side effects.
A new study found that sexual side effects of cancer treatment are discussed less frequently with female patients, who are asked about their sexual health 1 in 10 times, compared to 9 in 10 men. The disparity is also observed in clinical trials nationwide.
A new analysis by UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center found that men with prostate cancer benefit from adding androgen deprivation therapy to radiation treatment. The study showed improved metastasis-free survival for patients receiving short-term ADT before or after radiation, especially in those receiving prostate-only RT.
A new Northwestern Medicine study identifies common and rare gene mutations that impact radiation resistance and sensitivity. This information will allow clinicians to better calibrate radiation doses based on genetic mutations, improving treatment efficacy while reducing toxicity.
Researchers at Duke University have developed a novel treatment that combines internal radiation and chemotherapy to eliminate tumors in 80% of mice with pancreatic cancer. The approach uses a gel-like depot implanted with radioactive iodine-131, which deposits beta radiation directly into the tumor without affecting surrounding tissue.
Researchers at UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center and Semel Institute identified the gene P300 as a potential therapeutic target for treatment-resistant brain cancer glioblastoma multiforme. By blocking P300, tumor cells can be prevented from recovering and growing under the hostile conditions created by radiation therapy.
Invasive breast cancer rates declined in childhood cancer survivors under age 40, largely due to reduced chest radiation therapy. Concurrent changes in other therapies may have tempered this trend, according to a study of 11,550 female survivors diagnosed between 1970 and 1999
UCF researchers have designed a cerium oxide nanoparticle to protect bones against radiation damage from cancer therapy. The treatment also improves bone regeneration and kills cancer cells, reducing the risk of bone fractures and tissue damage.
Researchers found that inhibiting GABA A receptors protects intestinal stem cells from chemotherapy and radiotherapy-induced damage, reducing DNA damage and increasing survival. Flumazenil, an FDA-approved anti-sedative, shows promise in protecting the intestine from these toxic effects.
Researchers have discovered a cellular and molecular mechanism essential for intestinal epithelial regeneration. Progenitor cells modulate the production of mitogenic factors, controlling intestinal stem cell proliferation and tissue regeneration. This finding breaks new ground in research into counteracting radiotherapy side effects.