Articles tagged with Cardiac Arrest
Researchers developed a device to assess mitochondrial oxygenation, predicting cardiac arrest in critically ill heart patients. The device uses resonance Raman spectroscopy to quantify oxygen levels and has been shown to accurately predict cardiac arrest with 97% specificity.
Research suggests that clearing the airway to prevent 'tongue swallowing' can delay crucial chest compressions, leading to increased mortality rates. In analyzed videos of athlete cardiac arrests, only 38% showed chest compressions, highlighting a critical gap in resuscitation protocols.
A study found that only 57% of qualified patients receive implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs), despite guidelines recommending their use. ICDs can detect and stop life-threatening arrhythmias, reducing death by over 30%. The study suggests a treatment gap and calls for improved education to ensure eligible patients receive t...
A study published in JAMA Cardiology found that out-of-hospital cardiac arrest treatment and survival rates differ by racial neighborhood composition. Neighborhoods with higher percentages of black residents had lower bystander CPR and defibrillator use, as well as lower survival rates compared to predominantly white neighborhoods.
A study by Duke University Medical Center researchers found that cardiac arrests in predominantly black neighborhoods are more likely to result in delayed CPR and defibrillation, which can lead to poorer survival rates. The study analyzed over 22,000 cases of cardiac arrest outside the hospital and found a significant disparity in CPR ...
A new study published by the European Society of Cardiology found that bag-mask ventilation does not improve survival rates compared to endotracheal intubation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. The trial included 2,043 patients and showed a higher incidence of failed ventilation with bag-mask ventilation.
A study by Progetto Vita found that 93% of patients treated with an onsite AED survived cardiac arrest, compared to just 9% without an AED. The presence of an AED significantly reduced response times and improved survival rates.
The Minnesota Heart Safe Communities program has shown significant improvements in CPR and AED use among individuals experiencing out-of-hospital cardiac arrests. In communities that met guidelines, 95% received CPR and 77% had an AED applied prior to EMS arrival.
Survival rates for black and white patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest have improved over time, with black patients experiencing greater gains.
A nationwide study found that cancer patients with cardiac arrest in the hospital have a survival rate of less than 10 percent, compared to 20-25 percent for non-cancer patients. The study aims to provide guidance on end-of-life care decisions.
A study from Aarhus University found that 48 hours of cooling can reduce permanent brain damage in cardiac arrest patients, particularly those under 60. The study included 355 patients who were cooled down to 33°C for varying periods and followed up on their recovery.
Research by LSU Health New Orleans scientists may lead to a treatment for long-term sensory problems in cardiac arrest survivors. The study used rodent models and computer modeling to show that cardiac arrest damages the cerebral cortex, leading to decreased sensory responsiveness.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago are investigating a new biological agent that mimics the effects of cooling when given during and after CPR. The agent, TAT-PTEN9c, has shown promising results in reducing cellular stress and improving survival rates for heart attack patients.
Cardiac arrest research funding decreased from $35.4 million in 2007 to $28.5 million in 2016, a decline of nearly 75%, according to new research published in the Journal of the American Heart Association.
A recent study published in the Journal of the American Heart Association found that health insurance expansion through the Affordable Care Act significantly reduced the incidence of sudden cardiac arrest among middle-aged adults who were previously uninsured. The study analyzed emergency medical services data from an urban Oregon coun...
Research found that middle-aged adults with ACA health insurance had a 17% lower incidence of cardiac arrest compared to those without coverage. Regular medical care facilitated by health insurance enabled prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cardiovascular conditions that cause cardiac arrest.
A new risk assessment tool has been developed by Cedars-Sinai researchers to predict and prevent sudden cardiac arrest. The score is calculated using widely available and inexpensive 12-lead electrocardiogram (EKG) technology, and patients with scores above 4 have a 20 times increased risk of sudden cardiac arrest.
A novel smartphone application has been developed to direct first responders to cardiac arrest victims more than three minutes before emergency services arrive. Each minute of earlier intervention increases the chance of survival by 10%, reducing brain injury risk.
A study published in JAMA found that drones carrying automated external defibrillators arrived at simulated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest locations in less time than emergency medical services. The median response time for the drone was 5:21 minutes, significantly reducing the overall response time by 16 minutes.
The European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care proposes new guidelines for in-flight cardiac arrest, highlighting the importance of emergency equipment and crew training. The guidelines aim to improve treatment recommendations and reduce fatalities in such cases.
A new study from Penn Medicine found that the likelihood of receiving CPR at home decreases significantly with age, affecting older Americans who are most likely to be struck by sudden cardiac arrest. Low CPR training rates among older adults have been identified, highlighting a need for targeted training in this population.
A new study published by the University of Southern California found that bystander CPR is associated with favorable neurological survival for drowning victims in cardiac arrest. The study showed that if bystanders initiate CPR, drowning victims are three times more likely to have a favorable neurological outcome.
A new guideline developed by the American Academy of Neurology recommends that families ask if their loved one qualifies for body cooling to reduce brain injury. The guideline found strong evidence that therapeutic hypothermia is effective in improving brain function.
The study found significant variability in AED registration and maintenance, leading to unknown true risk for failure. Regions with high registration rates had significantly more operational AEDs.
A recent study from Harvard Medical School found that individuals experiencing heart attacks or cardiac arrests near major marathons are more likely to die within a month. The delays in transportation to nearby hospitals, often caused by widespread street closures during races, contribute to this increased mortality rate.
Research found that specialist heart centres improve survival by 45% compared to general hospitals, with procedures like coronary angiography and PCI linked to significant differences in survival. The study supports the establishment of few high-volume invasive heart centres for optimal post-resuscitation care.
The American College of Cardiology analysis found that over half of US states have no requirements for AEDs in schools, leaving nearly 35 million public elementary and secondary students at risk. Only 5 states offer funding for purchasing AEDs, highlighting the need for comprehensive implementation plans.
Researchers created a list of prime spots to place AEDs in high-risk businesses. Coffee shops and ATMs were found to be ideal locations due to their accessibility and universal recognition.
Research links common painkillers diclofenac and ibuprofen to increased risk of cardiac arrest, with diclofenac being the most hazardous. The study advises limiting ibuprofen to 1200mg per day and avoiding diclofenac in patients with cardiovascular disease or high-risk factors.
Researchers identified a genetic disorder, ARVC, caused by mutations in the CDH2 gene, leading to cardiac arrest and sudden death. The discovery provides a new understanding of the disease and paves the way for preventative interventions and genetic counseling.
A multicenter study of infants and children who suffered cardiac arrest found that body cooling had no significant benefits compared to maintaining a normal temperature. The study included 329 patients aged 2 days to 18 years old, but the results showed no difference in survival rates or brain function between the two groups.
A multicenter study found that therapeutic hypothermia and active temperature control have similar outcomes in young patients after in-hospital cardiac arrest. The study included 329 children between two days and 18 years old, who experienced cardiac arrest in the hospital setting.
A new study found that measuring neuron-specific enolase levels soon after cardiac arrest can help guide patient care decisions. The protein biomarker is a strong predictor of brain recovery in patients who are unconscious for three or more days.
The study found that almost 80% of elderly patients who received an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator survived two years after a sudden cardiac arrest or near-fatal arrhythmia. The researchers also noted substantial care needs among the oldest patients, with high hospitalization and skilled nursing facility admission rates.
A recent study published in JAMA found that patients on the same hospital ward are at increased risk of their own medical crises when a neighboring patient becomes critically ill. The odds of a second patient experiencing a comparable crisis increase by up to 53% if two critical-illness events occur within a six-hour period.
The American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association have released a new report outlining 10 quality and performance measures to help prevent sudden cardiac death. The measures focus on screening and treating at-risk patients, with the goal of improving patient care and outcomes.
A new study found that hospitals treating a high volume of cardiac arrest cases tend to administer epinephrine more quickly, leading to better survival rates for patients. Delays in giving epinephrine shots also had a negative effect on functional recovery.
A new training model improved CPR skills among hospital staff by integrating low-dose-high frequency psychomotor simulation into their daily duties. Quarterly simulations resulted in significant improvements in chest compression fraction and overall clinical outcomes, leading to a 14% increase in effective compressions.
A survey found that older Americans, those with lower education levels and household incomes, are less likely to receive CPR training. This lack of training can lead to a higher risk of sudden cardiac arrest, as bystanders may not know how to intervene in an emergency situation.
A study found that prior statin use was associated with higher survival rates after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Patients with Type 2 diabetes showed the most significant improvement in survival rate. Statins were linked to increased survival to hospital discharge and beyond a year after the event.
A recent study published in JAMA Pediatrics found that receiving cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) from a bystander improved overall and neurologically favorable survival for children with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. The study analyzed data from over 3,900 cases and showed that conventional CPR provided better outcomes than compr...
Studies in the US and Denmark show that older adults are undertrained in CPR, with only 18% reporting current training. Higher education level and household income are linked to increased likelihood of CPR training, but there is a steep drop-off after age 50. The elderly often cite lack of knowledge and fear as barriers to performing CPR.
A study of over 3,900 US children who suffered cardiac arrest outside a hospital found that those receiving bystander CPR had better survival rates and neurological outcomes. Racial disparities in CPR provision were also noted, highlighting the need for education interventions to improve minority community access.
According to a study published in JAMA Pediatrics, hospitalized children who experience cardiac arrest have lower survival rates at night compared to daytime and evening hours. The rate of survival to hospital discharge was about 12% lower during nights than days and evenings.
A review of medical literature found only 92 gold-standard clinical trials on immediate cardiac arrest treatment over the last 20 years, despite 535,000 annual cases in the US. The study highlights a significant lack of research on post-arrest care and long-term survival outcomes.
A nationwide CPR training event aims to improve cardiac arrest survival rates. The training has already been delivered to 31,000 children in the past two years and will reach over 100,000 this year. The initiative is part of a collaboration between leading organizations to create a Nation of Lifesavers.
The EPR-CAT study seeks to test whether rapid cooling of the body temperature can give surgeons extra time to find and repair injuries, improving patient outcomes. By decreasing oxygen demand, cooling may protect vital organs from permanent damage.
Research found that 21.5% of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests occurred near an AED, but it was inaccessible at the time of the arrest, resulting in coverage loss. Implementing models that account for both location and availability when determining AED placement could increase access to devices.
A study by U of T Engineering researchers found that up to 30% of AEDs are locked inside closed buildings, leading to a 21.5% coverage loss during evenings, nights, and weekends. The researchers propose a model to optimize AED placement considering location and availability, which could improve accessibility by an average 25%.
A new study by the University of Arizona suggests that physicians should not predict outcomes for comatose cardiac arrest patients too soon. The study found that many patients wake up longer than expected after being rewarmed from therapeutic hypothermia treatment, with some even regaining consciousness five or seven days after admission.
Research reveals significant disparities in cardiac arrest care between men and women, resulting in higher mortality rates for women. Women tend to receive fewer life-saving procedures, such as angioplasty and therapeutic hypothermia, due to various factors including age, health status, and underlying conditions.
A University of Arizona study found that implementing a Telephone Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (TCPR) program significantly increases survival rates and favorable outcomes for patients who experienced out-of-hospital cardiac arrests. The program, which includes guidelines-based protocols, TCPR training, and quality improvement, result...
A telephone CPR program was associated with improved cardiac arrest outcomes, including increased bystander CPR rates and reduced time to first chest compression. The study found a significant increase in survival rates and favorable functional outcomes for patients who experienced out-of-hospital cardiac arrests.
Experts say pre-participation screening should be abandoned due to the lack of evidence confirming it saves lives. The harms of overdiagnosis, overtreatment, and false positives far outweigh any potential benefits in preventing sudden cardiac arrest among young athletes.
Two studies published in The BMJ question the effectiveness of delaying second heart shocks in hospital patients with cardiac arrest. Deferred second defibrillation attempts were not associated with improved survival rates.
Administering resuscitation drugs through an IV line can significantly improve survival rates for patients experiencing witnessed cardiac arrests. The study found that these drugs are only effective when given directly into a vein, rather than the commonly used intraosseous method.
The study found that amiodarone and lidocaine significantly improved survival rates among patients whose cardiac arrest was witnessed by a bystander, with a 5% greater chance of survival compared to placebo. However, the drugs showed no significant benefit for patients whose arrest was not witnessed.
A statewide program in North Carolina improved survival rates for cardiac arrests by increasing bystander CPR and AED use, both at home and in public places. The study found significant increases in patient survival and reduced brain injury over a five-year period.
A randomized clinical trial found that treatment with inhaled xenon gas combined with hypothermia resulted in less white matter damage compared to hypothermia alone. The study suggests potential benefits for comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, but further evaluation is needed.
A study published in JAMA found that treatment with inhaled xenon gas combined with hypothermia resulted in less white matter damage among comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. However, there was no significant difference in neurological outcomes or death at 6 months.