Articles tagged with Diabetes
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A study published in Nature Communications identified C-terminal binding protein 2 (CtBP2) as a global regulator of metabolism that balances sugar and fat levels in the liver. CtBP2 is crucial for controlling glucose and lipid balance, making it a promising drug target for treating symptoms associated with obesity.
A new study improves AI diagnoses by penalizing algorithms for false negatives, which can be more urgent than accuracy. Researchers achieved significant improvements in precision and recall for chronic kidney disease and other conditions using cost sensitivity techniques.
A five-year study aims to identify hormone responses in a population of Mexican Americans with prediabetes, Type 2 diabetes, and obesity. The research uses genetic data and physiologic testing to guide optimal treatments for diabetes, prediabetes, and related diseases.
Researchers from Tokyo Medical and Dental University have developed a non-invasive imaging technique using blue light to identify areas affected by diabetic retinopathy. The study found that blue images obtained through multicolor widefield scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) can reveal hyporeflective areas indicative of damage associa...
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania found that mice with altered internal clocks gained more weight, had higher blood sugar, and fattier livers when fed high-fat and sugar diets. However, adjusting their environment to match their internal clock corrected these outcomes.
A University of Washington study finds that countermarketing campaigns based on anti-smoking tactics decrease the buying of sugary 'fruit' drinks for children. The campaign effectively reduced virtual purchases by 31% and significantly lowered trust in fruit drink brands among participating Latinx parents.
Researchers found that pyruvate supplementation prevents rapid cell death of peripheral sensory neurons and Schwann cells under high-glucose conditions. Exogenous pyruvate may play a key role in maintaining glycolysis-TCA cycle flux by suppressing PARP activity, thereby supporting cellular viability and energy production.
Researchers found that small fiber neuropathy affects 13.3 per 100,000 people, with rates increasing over time. The condition is often associated with obesity, diabetes, insomnia, and heart attacks, highlighting the need for screening and prevention methods.
A recent Johns Hopkins Medicine-led study suggests that statin use is not beneficial for reducing COVID-19 mortality or severity. Instead, patients taking statins had an increased risk of developing a more severe form of the disease. The researchers found no significant impact on mortality rates.
Researchers from Osaka University found that SARS-CoV-2 binds to a cell-surface protein whose expression is promoted by high blood insulin levels in older, obese, and diabetic individuals. Regulating blood insulin levels may help lower COVID-19 risk by reducing GRP78 expression.
About 42% of U.S. adults are considered clinically obese due to increased risk of health conditions such as diabetes and heart disease. New weight-loss drugs like Wegovy (semaglutide) show promise in safely aiding weight loss, but long-term side effects and sustainability remain concerns.
A team of international scientists has shown that skeletal muscle cells from people with type 2 diabetes have a different circadian rhythm, leading to altered mitochondrial metabolism. The study suggests that considering cellular rhythms when prescribing treatments for type 2 diabetes could optimize their effectiveness.
The NY-CDTR promotes collaboration and research on effective strategies for improving diabetes prevention, care, and self-management, with a focus on health equity. The center will expand its efforts to address diabetes health disparities experienced by Latinx individuals through community partnerships and national initiatives.
A study found that only a third of public health policies had been fully implemented globally by 2020, with low-income countries and those with high corporate influence showing slow progress. The researchers suggest that corporate influence cancelled out the positive relationship between democracy and implementation, highlighting the n...
Researchers found that females rely more heavily on aldosterone to regulate blood pressure, whereas males primarily use angiotensin II. This discovery could lead to targeted treatments for female hypertensive patients, improving treatment outcomes and reducing the risk of heart disease and stroke.
A team of Penn State researchers has created a noninvasive, low-cost sensor that can detect glucose in sweat, enabling less intrusive glucose monitoring for people with diabetes. The device uses a nickel-gold alloy and is flexible enough to be worn on the body.
A new study found that the COVID-19 pandemic led to a 30% decline in patients seeking treatment for kidney failure, with Black patients experiencing significantly worse kidney function. The decline was attributed to changes in healthcare delivery and may reflect delays in treatment due to fear of infection or logistical barriers.
A review of 25 studies on intermittent fasting found that all forms produced mild to moderate weight loss, similar to traditional calorie-restrictive diets. Intermittent fasting regimens also showed benefits in decreasing blood pressure and insulin resistance, and improving appetite regulation.
Researchers found that poorly controlled type 2 diabetes is associated with an increased risk of developing preclinical dementia, which can progress to full-blown dementia. The study also suggests that controlling blood glucose levels may be key to preventing cognitive decline.
Researchers found that heritage-specific diets varied across Latinx groups, with Mexican and Puerto Rican diets being healthier. The study suggests that longer years living in the US may lead to less healthy dietary patterns among Cuban, Mexican, and Puerto Rican groups.
Research highlights the importance of normal insulin cycles for metabolic health, including better response to fed and fasted insulin inputs. It also uncovers mechanisms regulating robustness of insulin signaling, identifying potential novel regulatory components for therapeutic interventions.
A new study suggests that a plant-based diet can improve vaccine efficacy and reduce COVID-related health issues. Studies have shown that healthcare workers with lower waist circumferences had better immune responses to the Pfizer vaccine.
A new patient decision aid developed by Duke-NUS Medical School's experts empowers patients with ESKD to choose care strategies consistent with their values and goals. The tool provides a balanced overview of dialysis, kidney supportive care, and other treatment options.
The Rutgers-NYU Center for Asian Health Promotion and Equity aims to address significant disparities in the Asian community's relationship with heart health and mental health. The center will focus on cardiometabolic disease and mental health research to inform practice and policy at local, regional, and national levels.
A large observational study found statin use associated with faster diabetes progression in patients with diabetes. The study included 83,000 matched pairs and followed them for an average of 2 years.
Researchers found that COVID-19 patients with high blood sugar levels were more likely to develop severe lung dysfunction, require mechanical ventilation, and die. The study also suggests that SARS-CoV-2 may disrupt fat cells' production of adiponectin, a hormone regulating blood sugar levels.
Experts recommend prioritizing obesity treatment over glucose control in Type 2 diabetes. Dropping 15% of body weight can have a disease-modifying effect, according to UT Southwestern's Ildiko Lingvay.
A new study published in Neurology suggests that people with diabetes who have had a stroke may benefit from maintaining blood sugar levels between 6.8% and 7.0% to lower the risk of future vascular events. The study found that those admitted to the hospital with A1C levels above 7.0% were at increased risk for heart attacks and strokes.
A study published in Communications Biology reveals that chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes impairs working memory performance by altering the connection between key brain regions. Researchers found that areas critical for forming and retrieving memories were over-connected, leading to errors in remembering correct information.
Researchers used human pluripotent stem cells and organoids to study SARS-CoV-2 infection, finding that it can infect multiple cell types, including lung, colon, heart, liver, and pancreatic cells. The virus alters cellular function, including reducing insulin production in pancreatic beta cells.
The ACE2 protein plays a key role in the damage done to insulin-producing cells of the pancreas, increasing the risk of complications from SARS-CoV-2 infections. Inflammation can lead to increased expression of ACE2, making these cells more susceptible to viral infection.
A University of Illinois study found that parental income has a lasting impact on children's health, with lower socioeconomic status linked to increased risk of obesity and related conditions. Permanent income is associated with parents' general socioeconomic conditions, while transitory peaks during adolescence can promote better health.
Researchers analyzed data from nearly 3 million adults and found that those with 'metabolically healthy obesity' had a higher risk of developing heart failure and atrial fibrillation. However, they were not at increased risk for heart attacks, strokes, or cardiovascular deaths.
A UK study analyzing laboratory testing data reveals widespread impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with and being investigated for diabetes. The study estimates that 2.5 million diagnostic tests were missed or delayed during the 6-month lockdown, including 1.4 million monitoring tests in people with diabetes.
A study by Belgian researchers found that maintaining a diabetic foot care program during the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in fewer late presentations and less severe ulcers. Despite lockdown restrictions, 23 of 24 clinics remained open for urgent care, applying measures such as remote consultations and physical distancing.
A serum biomarker, polyubiquitinated phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), was associated with a four-fold higher risk of kidney function decline. This modified form of PTEN was linked to severity of lesions in kidney structure, indicating early manifestations of diabetic kidney disease.
A study published by The BMJ found that giving metformin to women with preterm pre-eclampsia may prolong pregnancy by a week, but the result was not statistically significant. If confirmed by future research, this could have important benefits for both mother and baby.
A new global study found that setting targets for treating diabetes patients with cholesterol or blood pressure medication can significantly improve cardiovascular outcomes. Achieving these targets could save up to 6% of healthy lifetime lost to diabetes over 10 years, mainly due to reduced cardiovascular conditions.
A study found that 73% of hospitalized COVID-19 patients developed delirium, leading to lasting cognitive impairment and increased need for skilled nursing care. The disease itself, sedatives, and inflammation can contribute to this outcome.
Increasing physical activity and improving fitness are superior to weight loss in reducing mortality risk and treating obesity-related health conditions. Employing a weight-neutral approach also reduces the risks associated with yo-yo dieting.
A new study suggests that failing to meet sleep recommendations can lead to higher intake of non-meal calories, including carbohydrates, added sugar, fats, and caffeine. Adults who don't get enough sleep tend to make poorer snacking choices, such as reaching for salty snacks and sweets.
A two-hour glucose tolerance test is linked to cognitive decline in a 10-year follow-up study. Higher blood glucose levels measured in the test were associated with weaker performance in a memory test and a greater decline in results.
Researchers at Penn State have imaged a protein facilitating RNA modification, allowing them to reconstruct the process. The study reveals how a chemical tag is added to tRNA, improving its ability to translate messenger RNA into proteins.
Researchers from Pusan National University have compiled a comprehensive review of ginsenosides, the main component of ginseng, which can prevent inflammation, diabetes, and cancer. The study provides insights into how to improve ginsenoside production through chemical and enzymatic treatments, as well as microbial action.
Researchers at Umeå University developed a method to study specific cell types in human organs with high-resolution 3D imaging. This allows for the visualization of previously unrecognized alterations in organs like the pancreas, which can lead to improved understanding of disease conditions and treatment options.
Researchers developed an experimental device to improve blood sugar control in HI patients. The bihormonal bionic pancreas (BHBP) helps maintain stable glucose levels without human error in calculating doses.
The study found large reductions in uninsurance and improvements in blood pressure and blood sugar control among Hispanic and Black patients after Medicaid expansion. The first five years of expansion were associated with significant benefits for these populations.
A new study found that Medicaid expansion is associated with reductions in uninsurance and improvements in blood pressure and glucose control measurements. The benefits were highest among Black and Hispanic patients. Longer-term investments into quality care and care management are necessary to realize these health outcomes.
Researchers have found that maternal diabetes can cause premature aging of neural tissue, leading to birth defects such as neural tube defects. A study published in Science Advances suggests that treatments could be developed to prevent miscarriages and certain birth defects in babies born from mothers with diabetes.
Researchers found that certain species of gut bacteria accumulate human drugs, altering their types, activity, and metabolism. This can change the effectiveness of the drug both directly and indirectly, affecting side effects.
A recent study published in Scientific Reports found that individuals with inflexible metabolisms exhibit higher carbohydrate oxidation rates at night, indicating a reduced ability to burn fat during sleep. This discovery has the potential for practical use in disease prevention and early intervention.
Researchers have found that blocking DHPS, an enzyme necessary for activating elF5A, can reduce inflammation and improve glucose control in mice. The study suggests macrophages play a key role in inflammation in obesity, and targeting this pathway may be a promising approach to treating the condition.
A study from Michigan Medicine found that people with type 2 diabetes are more likely to develop a cytokine storm during coronavirus infection due to the enzyme SETDB2. Administering interferon beta increased SETDB2 and decreased inflammatory cytokines in diabetic mice, offering potential therapy for severe COVID-19.
Researchers found significant disparities in diabetes diagnosis ages among US racial and ethnic groups. Younger Hispanic individuals were more likely to be diagnosed at a younger age compared to non-Hispanic whites and other racial groups.
Researchers from the University of Copenhagen have discovered a hormone in fruit flies that regulates human metabolism, potentially leading to new treatments for obesity and diabetes. The CAPA hormone plays a crucial role in maintaining energy balance, raising blood sugar levels, and regulating insulin secretion.
Researchers at Nanyang Technological University have developed a 3D model of the human artery blood vessel wall to study atherosclerosis. The model, called an 'arterial wall-on-a-chip', helps understand how cholesterol and inflammatory cells contribute to the disease.
A controlled trial found that consuming an avocado daily for 12 weeks reduced visceral abdominal fat and the ratio of visceral to subcutaneous fat in female participants. The benefits were primarily seen in females, with no impact on glucose tolerance or male participants.
A nationwide study of transgender individuals in the Netherlands found a significantly increased mortality risk compared to cisgender people. The analysis of national data from 1972 to 2018 revealed that transgender women and men faced higher risks of cardiovascular disease, lung cancer, infection, and non-natural causes of death.
A new study found that women are experiencing a greater increase in non-traditional cardiovascular risk factors, such as work stress and sleep disorders, compared to men. The trend coincides with an increase in women working full-time, highlighting the need for prevention strategies to address these emerging risks.
A comprehensive review reveals how excessive fructose intake can disrupt metabolic pathways, leading to diseases such as diabetes, fatty liver disease, and heart disease. The study highlights the role of protein transporters, gluconeogenesis, and gene-level changes in regulating fructose metabolism.