Articles tagged with Metastasis
A team from UNIGE and HUG identified a protein regulation mechanism that reduces melanoma cells' capacity to adapt and resist treatment. They found that targeting this mechanism with an enzyme inhibitor reduces therapeutic resistance in all melanoma cells.
Research from UVA Cancer Center finds that an unhealthy gut microbiome can trigger changes in normal breast tissue, facilitating cancer's spread to other parts of the body. The study suggests that targeting the gut-mast cell relationship could help prevent breast cancer recurrence and metastasis.
Researchers discovered a type of triple-negative breast cancer cell that can trigger dormancy, evading therapies and allowing for efficient survival in distant organs. This finding highlights the need for more selective therapeutic strategies targeting both dividing and invasive dormant cells.
Tel Aviv University researchers discovered that skin cancer cells interact with astrocytes in the brain, promoting metastasis. By inhibiting this interaction using existing treatments, they delayed the spread of melanoma to the brain by 60-80%. This breakthrough has implications for treating advanced-stage melanoma.
The Montefiore Einstein Cancer Center has received a $10 million grant from the National Cancer Institute to study lung metastasis in breast cancer. The research aims to understand the mechanisms of tumor cells seeding tumors in the lungs, a key site for triple-negative breast cancer metastasis.
Researchers at Tohoku University have developed a novel cancer therapy combining lymphatic drug delivery with total-body irradiation, showing superior antitumor effects in early stage lymph node metastasis. The treatment enhances systemic tumor immune responses and alters the tumor microenvironment.
Breast cancer recurrence and metastatic spread remain a significant challenge, with researchers identifying a metabolic signature that can predict patient outcomes. The signature could be used to develop new therapies targeting cancer metabolism.
Researchers identified high-risk patients with stage 3A disease and microscopic lymph node metastases who would benefit from adjuvant therapy. Patients with larger metastases had poorer outcomes, while those with smaller metastases had better survival rates similar to stage 1A disease.
Researchers identified differences in PTK activity between normal and cancer kidney tissue, with Src family kinases and PI3K pathways exhibiting high activity. Ex vivo treatment of clear cell RCC with TKIs revealed that tivozanib and cabozantinib were more potent inhibitors than sunitinib or pazopanib.
Researchers at Georgia Tech have developed a new chip that can detect cancer metastasis in blood samples with high precision and scalability. The Cluster-Well chip uses microfluidic technology to isolate circulating tumor cell clusters, allowing for earlier and more targeted treatment.
Scientists have developed a smart contact lens that can capture and detect exosomes, nanometer-sized vesicles found in bodily secretions, which hold promise for cancer diagnostics. The lens was designed to bind to antibodies capturing exosomes found in tears, offering a potential platform for non-invasive cancer screening.
Researchers discovered that high levels of collagen type XII can trigger breast cancer cells to spread from the tumour to other parts of the body. The study suggests that measuring collagen XII levels in a patient's tumour biopsy could be used as an additional screening tool to identify aggressive breast cancers.
Researchers have identified key molecular differences between cancer cells that cling to initial tumors and those that spread to distant sites. The study found unique properties in cells that gain migratory ability and survival advantages, leading to the development of new treatment targets.
Researchers at Dartmouth Cancer Center developed a new approach for detecting and quantifying tumor heterogeneity in breast cancer. High levels of heterogeneity are linked to poor patient outcomes, while specific proteins regulate its extent. The study aims to utilize this approach in therapeutic decision-making.
Researchers at the Centre for Genomic Regulation have identified PDIA6 as a key protein involved in driving melanoma malignancy. The study found that PDIA6 promotes melanoma cell growth by binding to RNA molecules inside tumor cells, making it a promising therapeutic target.
A team of researchers has discovered that malignant tumors accumulate lipid delivery molecules called LDL and attract immune suppressor cells called neutrophils, leading to tumor progression. The study also shows that targeting the LOX-1/oxidized LDL axis may be a promising strategy for treating both cancer and cardiovascular disease.
A team of researchers developed a clonal barcoding approach to track live cancer cells, enabling the detection and isolation of precise clones responsible for tumor formation and early metastases. This technology has the potential to be applied to other cell-based studies, providing valuable insights into biological processes.
Scientists use a unique tool to apply mechanical forces that affect protein folding, revealing talin's interaction with tumor-suppressing protein DCL1. This discovery provides insight into the antitumor effect of DCL1 and potential new treatments for metastatic cancer.
Researchers uncovered details about the underlying biology of melanoma brain metastases, including genomics, immunology, and spatial organization. The study found that melanoma brain metastases are more chromosomally unstable than other types of metastases, with potential therapeutic targets in reduced chromosomal instability.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center discovered that gains in chromosome 1q stimulate a network of competitive endogenous RNA molecules that promote melanoma metastasis. These RNA sequences act as 'ceRNAs' that sponge miRNA molecules, driving tumor growth and development.
Researchers analyzed germline variants in breast cancer patients to identify their role in metastasis development. The study found that host genetic makeup contributes to metastasis through dysregulation of gene expression, promoting the dispersion of metastatic seeds and establishing a conducive environment for their growth.
A preclinical study by Cedars-Sinai Cancer and Johns Hopkins University has discovered a novel three-step treatment that disrupts the pancreatic tumor microenvironment in laboratory mice. The treatment, which combines anti-PD-1 immunotherapy antibody, FAKi, and CXCR4, prevents cancer metastasis and bolsters the immune system.
Researchers discover G6PD's pivotal role in activating pentose phosphate pathway to counter oxidative stress, leading to increased cell death and tumor shrinkage. Ovarian cancer cells' reliance on fatty acid metabolism fuels oxidative compound production, which can be offset by G6PD inhibition.
Cancer cells with high mitochondrial RNA modifications have increased protein synthesis in mitochondria, supporting their invasive spread. A specific enzyme, NSUN3, is responsible for these modifications and serves as a biomarker for metastatic tumours.
Researchers found that suppressing an enzyme called MSRA, which fixes oxidative damage to proteins, sparks the metastatic spread of pancreatic cancer cells. The discovery suggests that similar switches may exist in other cancers and lays the groundwork for redox-based targeted therapies.
A novel liquid biopsy test can accurately detect cancer DNA in the blood of patients with metastatic breast cancer within five hours, potentially helping oncologists determine if treatments are working. The test's diagnostic accuracy is 85%, correctly detecting cancer 83% of the time and ruling out cancer 92% of the time.
This volume of Oncotarget features groundbreaking research on various cancers, including breast, lung, colorectal, and neuroblastoma, as well as novel drug targets for bladder cancer. The studies also delve into the role of BRCA in breast and colorectal cancers.
Researchers from Japan and the US share new technologies and blood biomarkers to detect pancreatic cancer and identify high-risk individuals. The findings aim to decrease cancer mortality rates by developing attractive new methods for early diagnosis.
Researchers found that 'killer' T-cells used in immunotherapy can also destroy tumour lymphatic vessels, greatly reducing the risk of metastasis. This synergistic effect could increase treatment effectiveness against cancers with high lymphangiogenesis.
A novel BRAF inhibitor, C1a, has been developed to cross the blood-brain barrier and treat melanoma brain metastasis. The study found that C1a triggered robust responses in patient-derived models and outperformed approved BRAF inhibitors, achieving significant increases in survival rates.
Researchers led by Atsuo Sasaki aim to identify mechanisms behind cell movement and energy allocation in cancer cells, with potential applications beyond cancer treatment. They will use scanning ion-conductance microscopy and machine learning technology to study the role of GTP in cellular migration.
A phase 2 trial of the experimental drug adagrasib showed a 42.9% objective response rate and median overall survival of 12.6 months in patients with KRAS-mutated non-small cell lung cancer. The treatment also achieved a 33.3% response rate in patients with stable brain metastases.
A study by Cedars-Sinai researchers confirms that counting metastatic lymph nodes is a dominant predictor of cancer death, improving staging and treatment for solid tumors. The simple process can be applied in virtually all medical settings without increased cost or complexity.
New research reveals that age-induced changes in lung fibroblasts reactivate dormant melanoma cells, promoting growth and metastasis. The study found that WNT5A signaling pathway regulates tumor cell dormancy and metastasis initiation, with increased sFRP1 secretion facilitating reactivation in the aged lung.
New research suggests vitamin D can effectively prevent ovarian cancer by restoring the body's natural defenses. The study found that vitamin D counteracts the process of peritoneal metastasis, which allows cancer cells to spread, and strengthens the barrier effect of mesothelial cells.
A meta-analysis published in The Lancet Oncology suggests that targeted radiation therapy, which spares healthy brain tissue, is equitable to whole brain radiation therapy for patients with small cell lung cancer and brain metastases. This approach may improve their care experience with fewer negative cognitive consequences.
The ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group presented promising trial results at ASCO 2022, including an 8-year survival rate in the CHAARTED prostate trial. The research also explored outcomes by tobacco use in head and neck studies, shedding light on cancer treatment effectiveness.
Kaiser Permanente researchers present 10 studies on improving cancer care delivery, including strategies to reduce hospitalizations and mortality among older patients. The studies also explore the use of real-world data versus clinical trials in cancer treatment.
MD Anderson research highlights new treatments for skin cancers, including novel therapies. The institution also showcased improved goals of care programs, which demonstrated significant reductions in ICU mortality and improved patient outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Researchers at HKU have discovered a novel cellular and molecular interaction between cancer cells and tumour-associated macrophages that promote peritoneal metastasis of ovarian cancer. The study reveals that Wnt/b-catenin signalling upregulates the expression of metadherin, which communicates with macrophages through CEACAM1.
Researchers identified genetic patterns in brain metastatic prostate cancer cells, revealing potential targets for PARP inhibitor therapy. This study contributes to precision medicine by tailoring treatment to individual patient profiles.
Researchers have discovered a key role for mitochondrial proteins in controlling tumor cell growth and survival. By targeting these proteins, scientists hope to develop new therapies that can prevent or treat metastatic prostate cancer. The study's findings offer promising insights into the complex biology of cancer cells.
A recent study published in Nature Communications found that healthy developing neurons promote metastatic behaviour in neuroblastoma cells. This discovery highlights the importance of understanding the unique developmental environment within which cancers of embryonic origin form.
The new ASTRO guideline provides guidance on radiation therapy for brain metastases, including evidence-based recommendations for multidisciplinary planning and delivery of advanced techniques to manage intact and resected brain tumors. The guideline aims to improve quality of life and outcomes for patients with brain metastases.
Researchers found phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate (PIP2) essential for epithelial cell-cell adhesion and maintaining cellular identity. PIP2 regulates epithelial properties by recruiting Par3 to the plasma membrane, facilitating the formation of adherens junctions and preventing epithelial-mesenchymal transformation.
A team of researchers used a CRISPR-based approach to study the evolution of lung cancer cells, tracking their history from the first activation of cancer-causing mutations. The study revealed significant diversity between subpopulations of cells within the same tumor, with certain groups becoming more fit and aggressive over time.
Researchers created patient-derived models of brain metastases that recapitulate human disseminated disease, reflecting clinical manifestations and biological characteristics. These models can be used to test therapeutic value of different treatments and explore new approaches tailored to each patient.
The University at Buffalo is developing new treatments for ovarian cancer by targeting the apelin receptor. Ovarian cancer cells rely on lipids for energy and survival, making this a promising therapeutic target.
Researchers at Mount Sinai have discovered a previously unknown mechanism by which not-yet-malignant breast cancer cells can travel to other organs and 'turn on' to become metastatic. The study identified potential diagnostic biomarkers, including the transcription factor NR2F1, that could help predict relapse.
Researchers from IRB Barcelona and Merus have discovered MCLA-158, a bi-specific antibody targeting cancer stem cells. The treatment prevents metastasis and slows primary tumor growth in experimental models of cancer.
Researchers discovered that sialylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor modulates cell mechanics and enhances cancer cell invasion. ST6Gal-I, an enzyme that adds sialic acid to EGFR, plays a key role in tumor progression and metastasis.
Research from Weill Cornell Medicine found that less prostate cancer screening has reduced overdiagnosis, but increased incidence of high-grade and metastatic disease. The study analyzed over 438,000 men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer between 2010 and 2018.
A team of biologists identified a protein involved in the spread of breast cancer to bones. The discovery confirms the importance of cellular plasticity during the metastatic process and could lead to new treatments. ZEB1, a protein that increases cell plasticity, was found to direct cells with metastatic characteristics to bones.
A novel inhibitor has been discovered that stalls a critical enzyme inside tumour cells, locking them in place and preventing invasion into healthy tissue. The findings hold promise for the development of metastasis-blocking agents.
Researchers at the University of Oklahoma are testing a novel therapy that combines local laser ablation and immunostimulants to treat metastatic pancreatic cancer. The treatment aims to stimulate the immune system to fight cancer cells, with promising preliminary results in pre-clinical studies and clinical trials.
A mutated gene in more than 20% of breast cancer recurrences promotes metastasis and resistance to hormone therapy. Researchers identify potential vulnerabilities, leading to the development of personalized treatment approaches.
Researchers have found that treating prostate cancer cells with novel CDK8 and CDK19 inhibitors reduces their potential to migrate into surrounding structures. This suggests a promising approach to overcome resistance against anti-androgenic therapy, offering new therapeutic options for patients with advanced disease.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine discovered that cancer cells suppress a key enzyme in propionate metabolism, increasing production of methylmalonic acid (MMA) and causing cells to become more aggressive. This metabolic change may hold the key to understanding how tumors metastasize and developing novel therapies.
Researchers at CNIO have identified a biomarker for radioresistance in brain metastasis, which can help predict patient response to radiotherapy. They also found a drug that reverses radioresistance and demonstrated its potential in animal models and patient-derived cell cultures.
The AURORA study found that metastatic breast cancer tumors have distinct genetic and immune feature profiles compared to primary tumors. These differences may lead to more effective treatments by considering individual patient biopsies and biomarkers.