Articles tagged with Metastasis
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A multidisciplinary study has found that cells at the centre of kidney tumours have a higher potential to spread to secondary sites around the body. By contrast, cells at the tumour edge had lower rates of metastasis and growth.
A new four-drug combination treatment has shown promise in preventing cancer metastasis without triggering drug resistance. The treatment targets multiple pathways to suppress cancer cell spread and may help identify patients who would benefit from such therapy.
A new approach uses T cell engineering to deliver the gene coding for IL-24, which targets cancer cells regardless of their expression of target molecules. This method blocks tumor growth, starves tumors of nutrients, and generates memory T cells that can theoretically kill tumors if they recur.
A recent study suggests that cancer prevalence in medieval Britain may be around 9-14%, significantly higher than the previous estimate of less than 1%. The research used x-rays and CT scans to analyze skeletal remains from six medieval cemeteries, revealing signs of malignancy in five individuals.
Dr. David Lyden, a Weill Cornell Medicine physician-scientist, has been inducted into the Association of American Physicians for his pioneering work on cancer metastasis and spread. His research reveals that tumors produce factors that prime distant organs to become hospitable sites for cancer growth.
A phase 1 clinical trial found that stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is safe for treating patients with multiple metastases. The treatment used precisely targeted beams of high doses of radiation to destroy tumors, reducing damage to noncancerous tissue.
The NRG-BR001 trial found SBRT to be safe for patients with multiple metastases, with no dose-limiting toxicities and over 50% of participants alive at 2 years. The study used extensive radiation QA processes and was the first to require 3D image guidance during treatment.
Scientists have discovered a potential new therapy target for canine cancer, specifically oral malignant melanoma in dogs. The treatment targets the PD-L1 molecule, which has shown promise in human cancer treatments, and significantly increased survival time for dogs with pulmonary metastatic OMM.
Researchers developed a system to deliver nucleotide-based drugs more effectively into primary tumor tissue and bone metastases, improving their clinical efficacy. The study found that iRGD-liposomes significantly enhanced the ability of antisense oligonucleotides to inhibit prostate cancer growth and prolong tumor suppression.
A novel blood-based test has been developed to identify individuals with lymph node metastasis associated with high-risk T1 colorectal cancer, potentially avoiding unnecessary colon surgery. The test demonstrated high accuracy in detecting lymph node metastasis, exceeding expectations.
Two studies found that the bone microenvironment reduces ER expression in breast cancer cells, leading to resistance to endocrine therapy. The bone microenvironment also triggers reprogramming of cancer cells, promoting their ability to metastasize to other tissues and evade treatment.
A recent study published in Gastroenterology reveals that overexpression of the ZIP4 protein in patients with pancreatic cancer enables tumor cells to transform into a shape-shifting form, evading detection and metastasizing to other organs. Understanding this process is crucial for developing targeted therapies to stop metastasis.
Researchers at HSE University have identified key molecules responsible for breast cancer metastasis by developing an algorithm that recreates the networks of intercellular interactions in cancer cells. The program detects prognostic genes, with transcription factor E2F1 playing a major role in predicting patient outcomes.
Mutant KRAS and p53, the most frequently mutated genes in pancreatic cancer, work together through CREB1 to drive tumor growth and metastasis. Blocking CREB1 reversed these effects and reduced metastases, suggesting a promising new therapeutic target for this deadly cancer.
Breast cancer cells that spread to the brain must boost fatty acid production to survive due to limited access to fats. Inhibiting this process with a fatty acid synthase inhibitor may lead to tumor shrinkage.
Scientists from UNIGE discovered that paxillin helps cells perceive their environment and dock at the right place using cellular crampons. Without functional paxillin, cells can't attach properly and slip continuously.
A study from the University of Notre Dame found that a specific protein called SGK1 promotes survival and increases the likelihood of cancer spreading by blocking cell death. This discovery may have implications for understanding how cancer cells adapt to new environments, such as the brain, where breast cancer can metastasize.
A new CRISPR study has identified the LRRN4CL gene as playing a key role in the spread of certain cancers to the lungs. The research found that over-expression of this gene makes melanoma cells more likely to metastasize to the lungs, and may also be linked to poorer patient outcomes.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital discovered three molecular groups of ATRT with varying clinical outcomes, highlighting the importance of age and metastasis in prognosis and treatment planning. The study sheds light on the biology of this disease and provides valuable insights for developing targeted therapies.
A retrospective study found that folinic acid with fluorouracil improves progression-free and overall survival in metastatic colorectal cancer patients. The combination also shows a clear clinical benefit regardless of RAS mutational status or tumor side. This suggests folinic acid may be a valuable addition to chemotherapy protocols.
Researchers discovered microRNA-4287 inhibits prostate cancer's progression and metastasis, leading to increased cell cycle arrest. The study found miR-4287 specifically targets SLUG and CD44, suggesting a potential diagnostic and therapeutic tool against advanced prostate cancer.
Researchers have made significant progress in understanding how cancer cells communicate to spread, a key step in metastasis. By targeting the VEGF-C protein, they aim to slow down or stop metastatic growth, providing new hope for treating fatal diseases.
Researchers at Princeton University have discovered a new organelle involved in cancer metastasis, which was found through the study of liquid-liquid phase separations. The newly identified organelle plays a key role in regulating the Wnt signaling pathway and is essential for the progression and spread of cancer.
The basement membrane surrounding tumors may control their growth and spread by becoming stiffer as it expands. Researchers used a simple technique to isolate the membrane and measure its elasticity, finding it to be nonlinearly elastic, unlike balloons made of linearly elastic materials.
Researchers have identified a novel method using immune cells in cerebrospinal fluid to predict response to immunotherapy for patients with brain metastases. The analysis reveals similarities between immune cells in cerebrospinal fluid and those in brain metastasis, providing valuable insights into tumor microenvironment characterization.
Researchers have developed a novel stem-cell-based therapy targeting key targets in solid tumors, successfully prolonging the lifespan of mouse models with brain metastatic breast cancer. The engineered molecule EvDRL was delivered via allogeneic stem cells, which crossed the blood-brain barrier to home in on tumors.
Researchers at KIST discovered that red ginseng can significantly suppress lung cancer metastasis, with components Rk1 and Rg5 showing effective inhibition. The study developed a microwave processing method to increase the concentration of these components, leading to potential anti-cancer effects.
A recent study published in Oncotarget identified elevated platelet counts as a prognostic factor for poor outcomes in patients with metastatic clear-cell renal cell carcinoma, particularly those classified as intermediate-risk. These findings highlight the importance of stratification models in guiding treatment decisions and design c...
Researchers identified three m6A modification patterns in HCC, each with distinct metabolic characteristics. These patterns were associated with differences in tumor stage, prognosis, and response to treatment. The study provides novel insights into potential prognostic markers and response to treatment in patients with HCC.
Researchers at EPFL successfully modeled ILC using a xenograft approach that simulates the tumor with high accuracy. The model reveals unique characteristics of ILC biology, including LOXL1's role in tumor progression.
Research at University of California San Diego School of Medicine identified a new cellular target for GIST therapy that could lead to improved disease control and cure rates. The study found that specific cell-to-cell communication influences GIST biology and is strongly associated with cancer progression and metastasis.
Researchers found that non-metastatic cells can spread to distant organs through a new mechanism involving the fibrotic niche induced by malignant cells. This discovery suggests targeting the fibrotic niche as a promising strategy to control solid tumor progression.
A new genomic test helps oncologists determine which patients with recurrent prostate cancer may benefit from hormone therapy, guiding precision medicine efforts. The Decipher test, measuring tumor gene activity, predicts risk of metastasis and death, even after adjusting for other factors.
A new study suggests that long-term aspirin use before a diagnosis of colorectal cancer may be associated with lower CRC-specific mortality. Preventing distant metastases leads to fewer deaths from colorectal cancer.
A recent study discovered that SORLA protein plays a crucial role in the growth of breast cancer cells in the brain and their resistance to HER2 therapy. Removing SORLA from cancer cells sensitizes them to anti-HER2 treatment, offering new possibilities for targeting drug-resistant cancers.
Researchers discovered that triplatinNC changes the geometry of heparan sulfate, blocking its splitting and preventing tumor cell migration. This finding opens possibilities for designing anti-metastatic platinum complexes.
A new method traces real-time cancer progression across thousands of cells, identifying rare events and distinct gene expression profiles associated with metastatic phenotypes. The approach could inform aspects of cellular cancer biology, including genetic mutations, microenvironment adaptation and resistance to therapeutic agents.
Using CRISPR, scientists have created 'scratchpad' cells that can be tracked in real-time as they proliferate and spread. This method reveals differences in tumor biology and identifies genes associated with metastasis.
Researchers associate the enzyme LMWPTP with chemotherapy resistance, metastasis, and autoimmune diseases. Inhibiting this protein phosphatase could lead to novel monitoring and treatment opportunities for cancer and other diseases.
A new study published in JAMA Network Open shows that deep learning can help predict occult peritoneal metastasis in stomach cancer. The researchers developed a deep learning model called Peritoneal Metastasis Network (PMetNet) to predict clinically occult peritoneal metastasis using preoperative computed tomography images.
Researchers found that cancer cells promote blood clot formation to enter the brain tissue. Inhibiting clotting factors thrombin and von Willebrand factor reduced brain metastases in mice. The study suggests targeting this process with drugs for preventing brain metastases in high-risk patients.
A new study found that tumors in the liver siphon off critical immune cells, rendering immunotherapy ineffective. However, coupling immunotherapy with radiotherapy restored immune cell function and led to better outcomes in mice. Researchers are now exploring potential clinical trials to understand the mechanisms at play.
Researchers at Osaka University have developed a novel drug targeting LAT1 to deliver radionuclides into malignant tumors, selectively killing cancer cells. The approach offers high therapeutic effects with few side-effects, revolutionizing radionuclide therapy for pancreatic cancer and other malignancies.
Cancer cells use a molecule called ENPP1 to destroy warning signals that trigger an immune response, making them resistant to immunotherapy. Flipping this switch off could increase sensitivity to checkpoint inhibitors and improve treatment outcomes for various cancers.
Researchers at CSHL have discovered a gene-regulating RNA that contributes to breast cancer metastasis. By targeting this RNA, they found a molecule that can reduce tumor growth and metastases in animal experiments.
Researchers discovered that loss of function of FAT1 promotes hybrid EMT phenotype, characterized by co-expression of epithelial and mesenchymal genes in tumor cells, leading to metastasis and poor clinical outcome. FAT1 mutated cancers are highly resistant to several drugs, including EGFR inhibitor.
A new study suggests that most rectal cancer patients can replace aggressive surgery with radiochemotherapy and close surveillance, with a low risk of tumor regrowth. Almost 70% of patients who underwent the 'watch and wait' protocol remained cancer-free for years, making intensive follow-up possible.
A meta-analysis found that circulating tumor cell dynamics were associated with overall survival in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Changes in CTC levels before and after treatment were linked to prognosis, with median overall survival greatest for those who remained CTC-negative.
A recent study published in Cancer Cell reveals that YTHDF3 plays a significant role in the spread of cancer to the brain, with increased expression correlating with poor survival outcomes. The gene is required for multiple steps in the brain metastatic process and may provide a target for new drugs.
Researchers at Tokyo Medical and Dental University have discovered that stimulating β-ARs can halt the progression of oral cancer. The study found that specific compounds, such as isoxsuprine, effectively interfered with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process that enables cancer cells to spread and form secondary tumors.
Researchers have re-engineered human adenovirus to evade liver and innate immune systems, enabling systemic delivery without triggering life-threatening toxicities. The modified virus can selectively kill tumor cells while sparing healthy tissue, offering a new avenue for metastatic cancer treatment.
Researchers at University of Virginia Health System identified gene TRIM37 responsible for triple-negative breast cancer metastasis and developed potential treatment approach using nanoparticles. The approach shows promising results in lab mice, offering a new way to target a driver of metastasis and potentially improve overall survival.
A study led by Massachusetts General Hospital found that early treatment with lorlatinib improved survival rates and reduced the risk of brain metastasis in ALK-positive lung cancer patients. Lorlatinib was shown to be effective as a first-line therapy, reducing the risk of cancer progression or death by 72%.
Researchers have developed a more sensitive way to detect circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in blood, which could help doctors find and treat metastases earlier. Using fluorescence spectrometry, as few as nine breast cancer cells can be detected in 200 μL of buffer solution.
A study by Harvard Medical School scientists reveals a transient, cooperative interaction between ovarian cancer cells that allows nonmetastatic tumor cells to invade distant sites. The team identified amplified ERBB2 levels in a specific cell population, which was activated by amphiregulin, a signaling protein found in advanced ovaria...
A randomized controlled trial comparing laparoscopic and open liver surgery for patients with resectable colorectal liver metastases found no significant difference in 5-year survival outcomes. The study suggests that the laparoscopic approach may provide better short-term outcomes but does not jeopardize oncologic outcomes.
Brain metastases cause acute cerebrovascular dysfunction due to astrocyte activation, leading to decreased brain perfusion and irreversible damage. Treatment inhibition of this activation restores blood flow, limiting neurological deterioration and potentially improving patient outcomes.
Researchers have identified a gene, VSIG1, that prevents the development of metastatic tumour cells, enabling targeted therapies to be developed. The study validates the use of spiked-scRNAseq technology for testing drugs against metastases, including personalized approaches.
Researchers identified a genetic signature in localized prostate cancer that can predict metastasis and treatment response. The signature, called META-16, was highly effective at predicting time to metastasis and response to anti-androgen therapy.
A recent study found that men undergoing active surveillance for low-risk and intermediate-risk prostate cancer have very low rates of cancer spread and death from prostate cancer. The study analyzed 1,450 patients and identified three factors that affect the risk of metastases: Gleason grade, PSA velocity, and multiparametric MRI.