Articles tagged with Cancer Immunotherapy
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Researchers found that Toxoplasma gondii, a commonly found parasite, can 'tame' the parasite to induce inflammatory responses and make tumours more responsive to treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors. This approach has shown promise in treating melanoma, Lewis lung carcinoma, and colon adenocarcinoma in mouse models.
Researchers from MUSC Hollings Cancer Center, UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Winship Cancer Institute discovered that pre-surgical anti-PD-1 immunotherapy is safe and effective for OCSCC patients. The studies identified potential molecular biomarkers in blood and tumors to predict treatment response.
Researchers at the University of Alabama at Birmingham have developed a method to identify non-responding tumors using hypoxia imaging, which shows promise for improving response rates. Investigational new drug evofosfamide was found beneficial in treating hypoxic tumors with immunotherapy.
Researchers found immune cell patterns within tumours that can predict if patients with kidney cancer will respond to immunotherapy. The study identified a specific 'clonal' T cell receptor pattern linked to a greater chance of positive immunotherapy response.
A new TGen study is exploring the use of checkpoint inhibitors to treat pancreatic cancer by modulating the tumor microenvironment and rendering it vulnerable to immunotherapies. The study, funded with a $1 million grant, aims to overcome the resistance of pancreatic cancer to treatments, including immune therapies.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have found that immune checkpoint inhibitors can generate promising results in patients with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LMD), a rare complication of cancer. The treatment showed increased activity in cancer-killing immune cells and expression of particular genes within cells.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new approach to treat cancer by combining chemotherapy, tumor injury, and immunotherapy. In mouse studies, the treatment eliminated tumors completely in nearly half of the mice and showed promise against various types of cancer.
Researchers from the University of Helsinki found that inhibiting beta2-integrin adhesion on dendritic cells enhances tumour rejection. By regulating epigenetic changes, these integrins dampen dendritic cell functionality and migration, making them more effective at activating T cells and rejecting cancer.
New research reveals that boosting numbers of immune cells called dendritic cells may be key to overcoming colorectal cancers' immunotherapy resistance. By augmenting dendritic cells in liver metastases, treatment led to increased cytotoxic T lymphocytes and made tumors sensitive to immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Researchers analyzed fecal metagenomic DNA sequencing data to see if specific donor strains correlated with successful treatment outcomes. They found no correlation between donor strains and response to anti-PD-1 therapy in melanoma patients.
Researchers found that antidepressants inhibit the growth of pancreatic and colon cancers in mice by blocking a mechanism used by cancer cells to evade the immune system. The findings suggest a promising approach for combining antidepressant drugs with immunotherapy to treat incurable cancers.
Researchers at Penn Medicine and The Wistar Institute will explore new treatments for skin cancer using the grant, including projects on exosomal PD-L1 and autophagy inhibition. The team aims to improve patient outcomes and develop more effective immunotherapy strategies.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center discovered differences in gene activity between immune cells from patients with lung cancer who responded and did not respond to immunotherapies. The findings suggest that non-responders' immune cells can be reprogrammed to act more like responders', potentially leading to new treatment...
The KEYNOTE-826 study found that adding immunotherapy to standard first-line treatment increases overall survival by eight months for patients with recurrent, persistent or metastatic cervical cancer. The addition of pembrolizumab to chemotherapy also reduced the risk of death and disease progression by 33%.
Researchers at MD Anderson Cancer Center presented new findings on novel therapeutic approaches, including cell therapy for solid tumors and antibody drug conjugates targeting TROP2. The therapies achieved partial responses in six patients, with an overall response rate of 35.3% and disease control rate of 70.6%.
Scientists at Hokkaido University have developed a lipid nanoparticle that delivers immune-signaling molecules into liver macrophage cells to overcome resistance to anti-tumor immunotherapy. This approach has shown promise in mice experiments and could lead to the development of an adjuvant treatment for cancer patients.
A survey of 5,589 cancer patients found widespread unawareness about immunotherapy's mechanism, efficacy, and cost. Non-oncology doctors also face challenges in keeping up with the latest developments in oncology.
Researchers developed a treatment using cowpea mosaic virus nanoparticles that target lung tumors, slowing tumor growth and preventing cancer spread. The treatment showed efficacy against aggressive cancer cell lines and may offer protection to patients at high risk of metastatic disease.
A novel population of long-lived T cells, called 'lymph node resident memory T cells,' provides protection against melanoma by persisting in lymph nodes. These cells were found to counteract melanoma spreading in mice and predicted better outcomes for human melanoma patients with lymph node metastases.
Eosinophils, a type of white blood cell, play a crucial role in destroying malignant tumors by recruiting T-cells and releasing destructive proteins. The study, published in Cancer Research, reveals that eosinophils combat cancer effectively but require the help of T-cells to do so.
Researchers at Kyoto University designed a synthetic molecular code, EnPGC-1, that activates mitochondrial biogenesis in T cells, increasing their numbers and longevity. The approach enhances anti-tumor immunity in mice and improves survival.
Research presented at the IASLC 2021 World Conference on Lung Cancer found that neoadjuvant cisplatin and pemetrexed plus atezolizumab followed by surgical resection and maintenance atezolizumab met safety criteria for patients with resectable pleural mesothelioma. Sixty percent of eligible patients proceeded to maintenance therapy.
Researchers analyzed large datasets to find biomarkers that could help select immunotherapy treatment for older patients. The analysis suggests that factors such as mutational burden and immune checkpoint protein expression are associated with increased response to immunotherapies in older patients, despite lower general immunity.
A new study from Penn Medicine demonstrates that RN7SL1, a naturally occurring RNA, can activate the body's own natural T cells to seek out cancer cells that have escaped recognition by CAR T cells. This approach may help improve efforts to treat solid tumors.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg have developed a simple blood test to detect treatment-triggered encephalitis in patients undergoing immunotherapy. The study found that markers such as S-100B and NFL can act as early warnings for encephalitis, allowing for timely administration of anti-inflammatory drugs.
Despite its promise, cancer immunotherapy faces several hurdles, including limited efficacy and variable outcomes. Researchers are exploring new therapeutic targets and combination strategies to overcome resistance and improve patient outcomes.
A new study reports that chemotherapy plus immunotherapy before surgical removal reduces tumor invasiveness in muscle-invasive bladder cancer. In the phase II clinical trial, nearly 25% of bladder cancers were found to be invasive, and surgery often had limited success due to microscopic cancer cell spread.
A new study suggests that a treatment for canine glioblastoma may also be effective in humans, with some dogs experiencing significant tumor shrinkage. The treatment uses an immunotherapy drug called STING agonist, which induced a robust immune response against cancer cells.
A MSK study has identified a specific pattern of markers on immune cells in the blood as a likely biomarker for response to checkpoint immunotherapy. Patients with high levels of LAG-3 expressed on T cells had shorter survival times compared to those with lower levels.
Researchers found that combining entinostat with immunotherapy boosted cancer remission in mice by increasing neoantigen-specific T cells. The combination therapy showed promise in the lab and is being tested in an ongoing clinical trial for people with advanced bladder cancer.
Researchers found that four patients with rare angiosarcoma partially or completely responded to treatment with a combination of ipilimumab and nivolumab. Stable disease was maintained by two more patients, with at least one patient experiencing complete tumor disappearance.
Researchers at UC San Diego developed a cancer immunotherapy that pairs ultrasound with CAR T-cell therapy to destroy malignant tumors while sparing normal tissue. The therapy significantly slowed down tumor growth in mice and showed minimal on-target, off-tumor side effects.
Scientists investigated a method to enhance immunotherapy for lung cancer and found that combining it with certain chemotherapy drugs could eliminate harmful immune cells. This approach showed promising results in preclinical studies, inducing the regression of about 70% of tumors.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital uncover key factors that enable immune cells to survive in tumor environments, including the chemokine CXCL16. This understanding may lead to more effective immunotherapies for cancer patients.
A comprehensive molecular map of lung squamous cell carcinoma has identified potential new drug targets, including the gene NSD3, and highlighted immune regulation pathways that could help cancer evade immunotherapies. The study's findings have also revealed metabolic dysregulation and crosstalk between different cellular processes.
A research team at Kansas State University is working on a three-year project to monitor a cancerous tumor's immune state to assess immunotherapy interventions. The goal is to drive more tumors into a favorable state, ultimately contributing to improved cancer immunotherapy treatment.
Researchers have found a way to harness the power of immunotherapy for advanced prostate cancer by targeting a protein called PIKfyve. Blocking PIKfyve with the inhibitor ESK981 has been shown to increase tumor death and recruit immune T cells, offering new hope for patients with this challenging form of cancer.
Researchers found that patients with advanced bladder cancers and FGFR3 mutations respond to immunotherapy just like those without the mutation. The study's findings suggest that FGFR3-mutated tumors can benefit from immunotherapy treatment, providing a new option for patients who previously had limited treatment options.
Researchers found that combining low-dose radiation with immunotherapy significantly boosts cancer eradication rates in mice. The treatment approach triggers the immune system to attack cancer cells, even when radiation alone is too weak to destroy them.
Researchers develop a non-invasive imaging method to track IDO1 activity, providing a promising alternative to invasive biopsies. The study found that IDO1 status in the mesenteric lymph node is a surrogate marker for cancer-immune set point and predicts immunotherapeutic efficacy.
Researchers have developed a chemical compound that produces a powerful oxygen reaction when exposed to light, selectively killing cancer cells while leaving surrounding tissue intact. The photodrug is currently in clinical trials for patients with recurring bladder cancer resistant to traditional therapies.
A team of researchers identifies how the cowpea mosaic plant virus is recognized by the immune system and strongly stimulates it to attack and eliminate cancerous tumors. The discovery opens the door for CPMV to be pursued as a new biological drug for treatment of cancer.
Researchers discovered that natural killer cells ramp up aerobic glycolysis about five days before T cells respond, shedding light on their role in mounting a rapid immune response. The findings have implications for using NK cells as immunotherapy in cancer treatment and cell therapy.
Cancer immunotherapy using acoustics-based therapies has shown synergistic effects, enhancing the autogenous immune response to cancer tissue. Detailed mechanisms of sonopyrolysis-, sonoporation-, and sonoluminescence-based therapy are discussed to demonstrate its potential in cancer treatment.
Researchers at UCSF have engineered smart immune cells effective against solid tumors, overcoming hurdles for immunotherapies. The new approach may be ready for clinical trials in the near future, offering hope for patients with previously untouchable cancers.
Researchers have discovered a new way to transform tissue surrounding prostate tumors to help the immune system fight cancer. The technique, called epigenetic reprogramming, could lead to improvements in immunotherapy treatments for prostate cancer.
Researchers have developed DeepTCR, a software package that employs deep-learning algorithms to analyze T-cell receptor sequencing data. The software can identify patterns in the receptors that confer the function of the T cell to recognize and kill pathological cells.
Researchers have identified a key protein, DAPK3, that plays a crucial role in the body's early immune response to cancer. The discovery highlights a new approach to cancer immunotherapy, where targeting the tumor's own innate immune system can help slow tumor growth and improve treatment outcomes.
A study analyzing 45 patients with Merkel cell carcinoma found that patients with shorter disease-free intervals and specific genetic mutations, such as ARID2 and NTRK1, may be more likely to benefit from immunotherapy. These findings could inform treatment decisions and future research.
Researchers have found that disrupting the interaction between cancer cells and certain immune cells is more effective at killing cancer cells than current immunotherapy treatments. The new approach, targeting protein CD6, has shown promise in mice and may also treat autoimmune diseases.
Researchers developed a new cancer immunotherapy that uses engineered T cells to target a genetic alteration common among all cancers. The approach stimulates an immune response against cells with the loss of one gene copy, called loss of heterozygosity (LOH), and has shown promising results in laboratory studies and mouse models.
WEHI researchers have uncovered a process cells use to fight off infection and cancer that could pave the way for precision cancer immunotherapy treatment. The study found how the Flt3L hormone increases dendritic cell numbers, helping the immune system fight off cancer and infection.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital found that a cosmetic laser can trigger local inflammation mimicking mutations, enhancing immune attacks against nonmutated tumor proteins. This approach could make immune checkpoint inhibitors effective against currently incurable cancers.
Researchers found that disrupting the effect of the tumor microenvironment on immune cells in mice allowed for shrinking tumors, prolonging survival and increasing sensitivity to immunotherapy. Silencing a key protein MCT1 caused tumor growth to slow down and killer T cells could attack cancer.
A new approach to extend probiotic survival in vivo is developed using Smectite, a drug commonly used for gastrointestinal diseases. The study found that Smectite promotes lactic acid bacteria (LAB) biofilm formation, leading to increased anti-tumour immune responses and improved immunotherapy efficacy.
Inherited genetic variation plays a role in who responds best to checkpoint inhibitors, which release the immune system's brakes. The study identified 22 regions or genes with significant effects on the immune system's response to cancer.
Researchers have made breakthroughs in engineering models of tumors to expand cancer immunotherapy's effectiveness. By modifying the cells in a patient's immune system, scientists aim to target cold or non-inflamed tumors.
Houston Methodist researchers created a mathematical model to predict how specific cancers will respond to immunotherapy treatments, enhancing chances for successful treatments. The model uses laws of physics and chemistry to describe complex biological systems involved in immunotherapy treatment and the associated immune response.
Researchers discovered that pancreatic cancer changes its microenvironment to evade immune cells, which can be reversed by targeting a specific protein called STAT1. This finding offers a new approach to immunotherapy for this deadly cancer.
Scientists at the University of Southampton have discovered that modifying antibodies to target OX40 can enhance immune responses against cancer cells. By adjusting the antibody's isotype, researchers found that one type can delete suppressive Treg cells and another can stimulate killer T-cells, leading to improved anti-tumor effects.