Articles tagged with Gaba
A new pathway to treating type 2 diabetes has been discovered by researchers at the University of Arizona, focusing on the liver's role in insulin sensitivity. The study found that fat in the liver increases the release of GABA, a neurotransmitter that decreases nerve activity.
A study found low GABA levels in adolescents associated with lack of math education, leading to poorer performance on math tests. Math education was linked to increased brain plasticity, suggesting implications for educational policies and access to opportunities.
Researchers at the University of Kentucky have developed a new technology that can simultaneously measure glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain on a second-by-second basis. The study aims to explore the balance of these neurotransmitters in the aging brain and could lead to new treatments for Alzheimer's disease.
A team at Kanazawa University found that vasopressin neurons play a critical role in regulating the timing of output from the molecular clock, which governs circadian behaviors. The study used mice with altered GABA signaling to demonstrate the importance of these neurons in maintaining behavioral rhythms.
Plants recall drought conditions through GABA signalling, affecting leaf pore width for water conservation. This unique mechanism allows drought-tolerant plants to survive longer without water.
A team of Australian and German researchers found that GABA, a molecule associated with relaxation in animals, can control the size of plant leaves' pores to minimize water loss. This helps plants conserve water and survive longer during droughts.
A study published in Nature Communications investigates the impact of messenger substance GABA and glutamate on human decision-making. The researchers found that individuals with a higher ratio of GABA to glutamate in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) made quicker decisions in patch-leaving scenarios, while those with higher ...
A study on mice reveals that GABA release from vasopressin-producing neurons regulates the suprachiasmatic nucleus clock and constrains behavioral rhythms to specific time-windows. Gene-based molecular clocks are necessary but insufficient for generating circadian behavior, highlighting the importance of intercellular communication.
Researchers at Linköping University developed a proton trap that reduces protons' impact on drug dosage accuracy. This innovation aims to minimize side effects and increase effectiveness of organic electronic ion pumps in treating neurological diseases.
Researchers discover compounds that activate GABA receptors can reduce nicotine intake in stressed rats, potentially alleviating relapse. The findings suggest novel PAMs could help prevent stress-induced smoking relapse with fewer side effects.
Researchers discovered that astrocytes in the thalamus produce GABA to fine-tune the sense of touch. The production of GABA accelerates signal processing and sharpens sensitivity, allowing neurons to distinguish subtle changes in tactile stimuli.
Researchers have identified a novel mechanism underlying post-stroke recovery and developed a potential therapeutic approach by inhibiting astrocytic GABA synthesis. Treatment with KDS2010 alleviates cortical diaschisis and improves motor function in animal models, suggesting a new treatment direction for stroke patients.
Scientists have created a detailed map of the GABAB receptor, revealing its structure and new details of how it moves from inactive to active state. This discovery could help better understand GABA receptors and design better drugs to treat conditions like addiction and psychosis.
Researchers have gained detailed insights into how a key protein receptor interacts with GABA, providing a clear target for new therapeutic drugs. The study's findings offer promise for improved treatments of neurological disorders such as epilepsy and muscle spasticity.
Researchers at George Washington University discovered that GABAergic interneurons in the hippocampus are excitatory during development, rather than suppressive. This finding could lead to more targeted therapies for infantile seizure disorders.
A genetic change, known as Copy Number Variation, has been found to increase the risk of developing schizophrenia. The study reveals that this change affects brain areas and inhibitory neurons involved in schizophrenia, highlighting a potential target for drug treatment.
A team of researchers from the University of Tsukuba investigated the role of various neurotransmitters in regulating metamorphosis using the model sea squirt Ciona intestinalis. They found that GABA is a key regulator of metamorphosis, triggering physical changes associated with maturation.
This special issue of Neurochemical Research honors Vittorio Gallo's groundbreaking research on glutamate neurotransmission, including his development of cerebellar granule cell cultures and biochemical assays. Gallo's work has had a lasting impact on our understanding of neural development and regeneration.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine found a link between yoga and increased Gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) levels, which may help alleviate depressive symptoms. Completing one yoga class per week can maintain elevated GABA levels.
Researchers find that bumetanide reduces symptoms of autism by decreasing GABA to glutamate ratio, improving brain function and social communication. The treatment has been shown to be safe and effective in reducing symptoms in children as young as three years old.
Researchers discovered that Parkinson's disease symptoms begin when dopaminergic neurons are in a dormant state, not just after death. Treatment targeting excessive astrocytic GABA may alleviate symptoms by awakening dormant neurons.
A new study published in PNAS found that suvorexant, a recently approved insomnia treatment, has fewer physical side effects compared to commonly prescribed hypnotics. The treatment specifically targets brain receptors involved in wakefulness, reducing impairments in body balance upon awakening.
Researchers found that a 'sticky' gene called Shisa7 plays a critical role in regulating inhibitory neural circuits and sedative effects of benzodiazepines. The discovery could lead to more effective treatments for neurological disorders caused by problems with these circuits.
Researchers discovered GABA neurons play a crucial role in refining circadian output rhythms in mice, ensuring noiseless communication with neurons outside the suprachiasmatic nucleus. This finding could aid the development of new clinical approaches for diseases related to the circadian clock.
A newly isolated human gut bacterium, Evtepia gabavorous, has been found to have a surprising dependency on gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and its metabolism is highly linked to mental health. Research suggests that low abundance of the Bacteroides fragilis bacteria may be associated with elevated brain activity during depression.
Researchers at MIT's Picower Institute have discovered a neural circuit in the locus coeruleus (LC) that helps moderate brain activity and maintain calm. The circuit involves connections between neurons releasing GABA and noradrenaline, which work together to regulate arousal levels.
Researchers identified a key factor leading to epileptic seizures by analyzing changes in the temporal lobe cortex of a rat brain. The study found that excessive excitation of neurons, triggered by calcium-permeable AMPA receptors, increases the risk of convulsive discharges.
Researchers found that alcohol helps synchronize GABA cells, increasing dopamine release and dependency. The study provides new insights into the mechanism of addiction and could lead to targeted pharmacological treatments.
Researchers at McGill University found that aging brains retain neuroplasticity but experience dysregulation leading to unstable learning. Increasing GABA levels in older rats prolonged the effects of audio tone exposure, suggesting a potential strategy for improving retention in the aging brain.
A study by Children's National Health System researchers found that chronic sublethal hypoxia causes locomotor miscoordination and long-term cerebellar learning deficits. Restoring GABA levels with an off-the-shelf medicine improves Purkinje cell firing and locomotor performance in a model of neonatal brain injury.
Newborn granule cells in the dentate gyrus become less excitable after three weeks, a crucial step for mature functioning. The researchers found that functional GIRK channels start to appear at this stage, controlled by G protein signaling, and contribute to lowering excitability of mature dentate granule cells.
A new study published in Anesthesiology suggests that dexmedetomidine reduces postoperative delirium by preventing the overactivity of GABA A receptors. The drug's effects on brain cells have implications for treating neurologic disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and depression.
Researchers at UCI School of Medicine have discovered a new pathway for developing therapies for disorders like epilepsy, anxiety, and chronic pain by understanding how GABA modulates specific ion channels. This finding opens up an entirely novel mechanism for GABA to fulfill its inhibitory role in the brain.
GABA is crucial for maintaining and potentially generating new beta cells, as well as regulating insulin secretion in type 2 diabetes. The anti-inflammatory effect of GABA also shields pancreatic islets from toxic white blood cells, protecting beta cells.
A recent study published in Cell Reports sheds light on the poorly-understood part of vesicle recycling at synapses. The researchers found that refilling vesicles with neurotransmitters like GABA takes longer than reforming them, and this process is crucial for maintaining important brain functions.
Scientists developed a potent new medicine to fight addiction by blocking an enzyme, resulting in higher GABA levels and reduced dopamine release. The new compound, CPP-115, is 10 times more efficient than vigabatrin and has fewer side effects.
Researchers found a significant increase in GABA levels and disrupted balance between neurotransmitters in the brains of smartphone- and internet-addicted teenagers. Cognitive behavioral therapy improved these imbalances, suggesting a potential treatment pathway for addiction.
Researchers discovered that a neurotransmitter called GABA plays a crucial role in inhibiting unwanted thoughts, particularly in individuals with disorders such as schizophrenia and anxiety. The study found that higher GABA concentrations in the hippocampus are associated with better thought suppression abilities.
A study published in JNeurosci found that chronic exposure to THC may alter inhibitory function in GABA neurons, increasing dopamine levels and promoting addictive qualities. This discovery could lead to a new target for treating cannabis use disorder.
A study published in the Journal of Neuroscience reveals that imbalances in the regulation of GABA, a crucial neurotransmitter, can lead to developmental brain disorders such as autism and seizure disorders. The research offers new hope for developing treatments by identifying a potential molecular switch controlling GABA production.
Western researchers have identified a specific mechanism in the prefrontal cortex for the mental health risks associated with adolescent marijuana use and developed a way to reverse those risks using pharmaceuticals. The study found that reducing GABA, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, can lead to hyperactive states in the brain's dopami...
Scientists at Ohio State University found a possible biological explanation for the unusual clarity of vision during the recent total solar eclipse. The presence or absence of a protein in the retina called a GABA receptor enhances night vision on sunny days but disappears at night.
Research found that long-term heavy alcohol use affects male and female brains differently, with males showing more pronounced changes in electrical activity. The study suggests a possible mechanism for gender differences in alcohol response, highlighting the need for personalized treatment approaches.
Recent studies suggest that excessive neural activity in specific brain regions can impair memory and attention. Inhibitory neurotransmission, mediated by GABA, plays a crucial role in regulating neural activity. The review highlights the importance of balancing aberrant neural activity to restore cognitive function.
Researchers discovered a brain subgroup that triggers binge-like eating when activated, leading to weight gain. Stimulation of this area with specific neurons or hormones increased food intake, but reduced it after stimulation stopped.
Researchers found that a protein called HUWE1 helps balance nerve cell communication, which is essential for preventing intellectual disability. The study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying intellectual disability and could lead to potential treatments.
A study by University of York researchers found that eating Marmite daily for a month reduced brain's response to visual stimuli by 30% in participants. This effect is believed to be due to the presence of vitamin B12, which increases GABA levels in the brain.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have discovered that patients with schizophrenia have lower levels of the neurotransmitter GABA and altered immune cell function. These findings provide new clues to the disease mechanisms of schizophrenia, but follow-up studies are needed to determine if these changes are causes or effects.
Scientists have identified GABA as a signal that triggers self-repair in fish retinas. They believe this could be the key to regenerating human retinas, naturally repairing damage caused by degenerative diseases. The researchers are now pursuing further studies with mice and zebrafish to confirm their findings.
Researchers discovered that decreased levels of neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) trigger the retina to produce stem cells in zebrafish, shedding light on retinal regeneration. The finding informs efforts to restore vision in people who are blind and has implications for regenerative medicine.
Researchers discovered that gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) accelerates brain activity after a prolonged convulsive seizure, leading to harmful neural connections. Blocking GABA's effect with bumetanide may help prevent seizures and limit the severity of epilepsy.
A Brown University study finds that overlearning visual perception tasks strengthens learning and prevents interference, while a longer break between tasks allows for similar performance on both. The study suggests that a temporary shift in neurotransmitter balance is key to the effect of overlearning.
A study published in Addiction Biology found that long-term heavy drinking in adolescents alters brain electrical activity, particularly in the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmission system. This alteration may be detrimental to a developing brain, warranting tighter diagnostic criteria for substance abuse disorders.
Researchers at Penn State have discovered a new strategy for antidepressant therapies by increasing the activity of the neurotransmitter GABA in the brains of depressed mice. This approach shows promise as a rapidly acting and more effective treatment option.
Researchers discover that depression results from deficiencies in both GABA and glutamate signaling, which can be restored with a single dose of ketamine. The study uses a mouse model to develop safer alternatives to current antidepressant medications.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute discover how an immune system molecule affects the brain, leading to reduced appetite in cancer and other disease patients. The discovery points to potential targets for treating loss of appetite and supporting weight gain.
Researchers developed a new laboratory method to study the function of GABA in brain processes controlling appetite and metabolism. The study found that mice lacking GABA in their hypothalamus, a key brain area regulating appetite, experienced significant weight loss and improved glucose tolerance.
Researchers at UCLA found significant changes in brain chemicals GABA and glutamate in patients with sleep apnea, which can lead to symptoms like depression, stress, and memory loss. The study suggests that treating sleep apnea may help restore normal brain chemical levels.
Researchers found that low doses of Ambien enhance synaptic GABA signaling, a type of nerve-cell activity beneficial for recovery. The study's results suggest potential therapeutic benefits for humans, but need replication before clinical trials can begin.
Researchers found that individuals with autism have lower levels of GABA, a key inhibitory neurotransmitter, which suggests a breakdown in the signaling pathway. This breakthrough could lead to early intervention efforts through visual screening tests for younger children.