Articles tagged with Gaba
Researchers identified a critical biological difference in glioblastoma development between male and female laboratory models, pinpointing an immune pathway fueled by GABA in females. Blocking this signal improves outcomes in women, but not men.
Researchers investigated brain mechanisms that maintain balance between intimidation and physical aggression in mice. Projections from the lateral hypothalamus to the dorsal raphe nucleus play a critical role in preserving this balance. Increasing pathway activity led to increased attacks, while inhibiting it decreased attack bites.
A new study reveals that astrocytes regulate inhibitory signaling in the cerebellum during development, enabling the emergence of flexible and precise motor coordination. In contrast, younger animals rely on neuron-derived tonic inhibition, which is replaced by astrocyte-derived tonic inhibition in late adolescence.
A study reveals how packaging shapes the metabolism of organic broccoli rabe florets, leading to increased γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and lactic acid levels. The research found that low-oxygen conditions trigger a carbohydrate sink into GABA and LA pathways, offering insights for both quality preservation and consumer health.
Researchers found that an astrocytic 'brake' mechanism, fueled by the neurotransmitter GABA, blocks spinal cord repair after injury. Inhibiting this pathway with the MAOB inhibitor KDS2010 enables recovery of spinal cord function in animal models.
CURE GABA-A and Grann Pharmaceuticals partner to advance mRNA lipid nanoparticle therapies for Rett Syndrome and other rare neurodevelopmental disorders caused by GABAAR variants. The partnership aims to accelerate clinical trials and deliver transformative therapies to families affected by these conditions.
Researchers at the Institute for Basic Science have discovered that excessive GABA produced by astrocytes impairs fear extinction in PTSD. A new brain-permeable drug called KDS2010 has reversed PTSD-like symptoms in mice, providing a promising therapeutic approach.
Researchers found that prebiotics such as FOS increased brain GABA levels in mice, while also raising homocarnosine levels, which may enhance brain health. The study suggests a potential link between gut microbiota and brain GABA levels.
Dr. Yehezkel Ben-Ari's Neuroarcheology framework links developmental mechanisms to disorders, offering new hope for previously untreatable conditions. His groundbreaking work has transformed our understanding of brain development and malfunctions.
Researchers have mapped the hidden control system of vision, revealing a higher degree of systematic organization in visual cells. The study, published in Nature Neuroscience, used a new GABA sensor to observe and map inhibitory neuron activity, providing new insights into eye disorders such as congenital nystagmus.
Researchers found that SIRT2, a previously unknown enzyme, plays a key role in excessive GABA production associated with Alzheimer's disease. This process leads to brain inflammation and memory impairment. By targeting SIRT2, scientists can selectively block its harmful effects on memory without affecting other brain functions.
Researchers identified distinct metabolic profiles in skeletal muscle of Taoyuan Black pig compared to Duroc pig, with correlations to intramuscular fat content and lipid metabolism. The study provides insights into the muscle-adipose axis and potential targets for nutritional regulation.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine discovered that GABA and dopamine signals work synergistically to regulate meal initiation. The study's findings have implications for developing improved therapies to manage obesity, a worldwide epidemic.
Researchers found neurotransmitters GABA and choline in the venom of estuarine and reef stonefish, which can modulate cardiovascular function. The discovery could aid in targeted treatments and venom-derived compound development for drug discovery.
Neurobiologists identify shared brain mechanism behind meth and PCP-induced cognitive deficits, finding a reversible switch in neurotransmitters. Reversing this switch restores memory function, offering potential for new treatments.
Scientists at Washington University in St. Louis have found that altering GABA receptor density affects circadian rhythm amplitude and synchrony among SCN cells. Reducing or mutating these receptors decreased the mice's daytime wheel-running and reduced nocturnal activity.
A study of 30 volunteers found that a poor diet can lead to changes in neurotransmitters and grey matter volume, commonly associated with depression and anxiety. Adhering to a Mediterranean-style diet was shown to prevent these changes.
A team of researchers discovered a group of neurons in the brain associated with compulsive eating and food craving. The discovery found that activation of these cells triggered vigorous foraging behavior in mice, even when they were already full.
Researchers discovered that the SlTHM27-SlGAD2 model increases cold tolerance in tomatoes by regulating GABA levels and inducing anthocyanin biosynthesis. This study provides insights into improving cold tolerance in crops.
A study from the University of Surrey suggests that anxiety in girls and young women is connected to an imbalance between GABA and glutamate. As young women mature, the levels of GABA increase while those of glutamate decrease, indicating a vital indicator of anxiety levels.
Researchers have identified genetic variants linked to cognitive control and social problems in schizophrenia, potentially paving the way for more effective treatments. The study found that these variants are not targeted by current medications, which often focus on dopamine pathways.
Researchers uncover clues about how chemicals released by brain cells regulate our attention span, finding that two neurotransmitters work together in a precise sequence to regulate signal transmission. This discovery could lead to new treatments for neurological conditions associated with concentration difficulties.
Scientists at OHSU elucidated the structure of Type A GABA receptors targeted by antidepressants and other pharmaceutical drugs, shedding light on their role in brain function and development. The study reveals dominant assemblies and states of the receptor, paving the way for the development of new compounds with improved efficacy.
A new study suggests that transcranial ultrasound stimulation can be used to change specific types of activity within the brain, paving the way for targeted treatments of mental health conditions. The research found that TUS induced significant changes in GABA concentration and altered communication between brain regions.
A groundbreaking review paper reveals the importance of GABA tone, the amount of GABA that regulates continuous signaling in the brain. The study identifies key mechanisms and functions, including astrocytes' role in regulating GABA tone and its impact on cognitive processes.
Researchers propose GABA-modulating treatments as potential therapeutic targets for depression's cognitive and affective symptoms. The study highlights the importance of GABA-A receptors in regulating balance and signals between neurons, and suggests compounds that promote or inhibit these receptors may alleviate depressive symptoms.
The study reveals that the GABA transporter structure is facing the cytosol and bound to a GABA molecule, sodium, and chloride ions. This binding mechanism is crucial for understanding GABA recognition and release into neurons.
Researchers found a disrupted balance between glutamate and GABA neurotransmitters in the brains of people with OCD, which may lead to new treatment strategies. The study also suggests that excess glutamate levels could serve as a biomarker for OCD.
Young adults with a history of heavy drinking since adolescence exhibit lower cortical gray matter thickness and altered neurotransmission, according to a recent study. Cortical thinning is associated with increased inhibitory neurotransmission, especially in the frontal and parietal lobes.
A study found that excitatory-inhibitory imbalance, characterized by higher glutamate levels and lower GABA levels, precedes psychosis in individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. This imbalance is associated with hippocampal atrophy and cognitive decline.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine found that neuronal activity is necessary and sufficient for astrocyte development into a bushy-shaped cell. The team discovered that neurons produce GABA, which binds to astrocytes via the GABA B receptor, promoting their maturation.
Researchers developed a new imaging technique that visualizes the interaction between reactive astrocytes and neurons in the brain, revealing a potential breakthrough in Alzheimer's disease diagnosis and treatment. The study found that acetate promotes reactive astrogliosis, leading to dementia, and offers a new target for AD treatment.
A new UC Davis study has identified 194 significantly different genes in the brains of people with autism, with many linked to brain connectivity, immune response, and inflammation. The research also found age-dependent differences in genes related to synaptic function and cell loss.
A new clinical trial has shown safety and tolerability of oral GABA and reduced serum glucagon levels in children with recent onset Type 1 diabetes. The study focused on the potential of GABA and GAD to preserve insulin-secreting beta cells and attenuate excessive glucagon release.
Researchers discovered that glucose takes longer to reach the nucleus accumbens in obesity-prone rats, leading to excess glutamate levels. This defect in neurotransmitter recycling process may contribute to overeating behavior and obesity.
A new study has found that abnormality of intracortical inhibition in patients with progressive myoclonic epilepsy type 1 is associated with the magnitude of genetic change. The results suggest that transcranial magnetic stimulation could be useful in assessing patient prognosis and may have use as a marker of GABAergic impairment.
New research finds Filamin A positions GABA-B receptors to control brain activity and slow down electric impulses. This discovery could lead to new therapies for neurological disorders such as Multiple Sclerosis and epilepsy.
A study by Nagoya University researchers has identified EP3 neurons as crucial in maintaining a stable body temperature of 37°C in mammals. The discovery could lead to the development of technologies that artificially adjust body temperature to treat heat stroke, hypothermia, and obesity.
Children's brains exhibit rapid GABA boosts during learning sessions, allowing for efficient consolidation of new information. Adults' brains, on the other hand, struggle to stabilize learned knowledge due to reduced GABA levels, leading to slower learning rates.
A study published in Current Biology found that children exhibit rapid boosts of GABA during visual training, stabilizing new learning and making it more efficient. This discovery suggests that children may acquire new knowledge and skills faster than adults, with implications for teaching and learning strategies.
Researchers found age-related changes in the balance of inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitters in the prefrontal cortex during adolescence. This study provides first-ever evidence of plasticity in the frontal cortex during this critical developmental period.
Researchers discovered a new daily rhythm in inhibitory synapses, which rebalance brain activity to consolidate new information into long-lasting memories during sleep. The study suggests that wakefulness strengthens inhibitory synapses, enhancing memory formation.
Amino acid GABA shows promise in reducing disease severity, viral load and death rates in SARS-CoV-2-infected mice. GABA administration inhibits inflammatory actions of immune cells, potentially providing a generalizable therapy to treat COVID-19 and future novel coronaviruses.
A study using a mouse model of myotonic dystrophy found that GABA receptor sensitivity is linked to the disorder's central nervous system symptoms, including excessive daytime sleepiness. The researchers suggest that drugs like flumazenil, which counteract benzodiazepines, may work against DM's prolonged sleep and fatigue.
A study found that aberrant expression of MAO-B causes both peripheral and neuroinflammation in RA patients, leading to joint pain and cognitive impairment. Administering an MAO-B inhibitor called KDS2010 improved both joint inflammation and cognitive function in a RA animal model.
Research by Tohoku University scientists found that contextual fear conditioning alters genes associated with the synapse in microglia, indicating a new mechanism linking microglia and neuronal activity related to fear conditioning. This non-immune communication may play a key role in fear memory consolidation and extinction.
Research at the University of Reading found that high-dose Vitamin B6 supplementation reduced feelings of anxiety and depression in young adults. The study links Vitamin B6 to its calming effect on the brain, which may help alleviate mood disorders.
New study reveals how GABA A receptor antibodies inhibit neurotransmitter binding, leading to hyperexcitability and symptoms like twitching and seizures. The findings pave the way for developing effective therapies and further investigations into other diseases.
A recent study published in eNeuro found that alcohol can change the pattern of activity in the basolateral amygdala, potentially leading to a better understanding of how the brain switches between negative emotions like anxiety and fear. The researchers also identified specific receptors involved in this process, which may lead to pot...
Researchers discovered a link between the astrocytic urea cycle and Alzheimer's disease memory loss. The study found that the urea cycle helps clean up toxic amyloid-beta aggregates, but its activation also causes the production of harmful byproducts, leading to neuronal death.
Researchers at USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences have elucidated the structure of a small protein carrying GABA into neurons using cryogenic electron microscopy. This breakthrough could lead to more effective drugs for conditions such as epilepsy, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, and autism spectru...
The study found that the fragile X protein regulates the opening and closing of the GABA-A receptor in neurons from the brain's memory center, influencing how such neurons process information. This nuanced understanding may hold the key to developing effective therapies for fragile X syndrome.
A gene therapy approach has effectively reduced neuropathic pain in mice with spinal cord or peripheral nerve injuries without detectable side effects. The treatment, which targets impaired neurons, resulted in long-lasting benefits persisting for at least 2.5 months.
Researchers found a human receptor protein detecting amino acids in the same way as bacteria, leading to potential enhancements of GABA-based drugs. This discovery adds to the sparse evidence of commonalities between bacteria and humans in sensing essential components.
A new study reveals a link between over-activity in the hippocampus and certain schizophrenia symptoms, including negative symptoms such as reduced motivation and disrupted emotional processing. The findings have important implications for developing more targeted treatments for these symptoms.
Researchers at King's College London found that a brain chemical called GABA regulates visual processing in autistic people. Activating GABA targets with the drug arbaclofen improves visual processing, suggesting potential new interventions for autism.
Researchers have discovered the Apterous protein's crucial role in retaining memories through its interaction with the Chi cofactor and regulation of neurotransmitters. In fruit flies, Ap plays a double role in long-term memory consolidation, highlighting potential new treatment approaches for memory-related disorders.
Researchers discovered that a small dose of benzodiazepine increases brain signal variability in older adults, comparable to young adults. Additionally, studies found that bilingual individuals' brains process language differently, and individual neurons play a unique role in signaling face features.
Scientists have identified specific peptides in milk that relieve stress and enhance sleep. The study found that one of these peptides, YPVEPF, increased sleep duration by over 400% in mice.
Researchers have discovered a new pathway in the brain that plays a key role in rewards and reinforcement. GABA neurons from the ventral tegmental area project to the nucleus accumbens shell, promoting reward processing. This finding offers new avenues for understanding psychiatric diseases such as depression and addiction.