Articles tagged with Metabolites
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
This study found that adolescents who used cannabis exhibited unique metabolomic patterns associated with psychotic-like experiences, including variations in lipid metabolism and oxidative stress. In contrast, non-users showed correlations between inflammatory metabolic changes and hallucinations.
A team of researchers has discovered a previously unknown metabolic pathway involving beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), a key ketone body. This finding suggests that ketones have additional roles in the body's metabolic landscape, potentially influencing appetite suppression and weight regulation under ketosis conditions.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh found that blocking the uptake of lactic acid, a key factor in T cell exhaustion, can reinvigorate these cells. This new approach shows promise for improving tumor control and treatment outcomes in various cancers.
Researchers have identified 44 genetic regions associated with metabolite levels in the body, which can influence cardiovascular risk. The study found a potential molecular mechanism by which six genetic loci are linked to cardiovascular risk through the metabolites they regulate.
Researchers analyzed correlations between fruit fly and human data to identify key metabolites impacting lifespan. Threonine was found to extend lifespan in flies and show promise as a therapeutic target for aging interventions.
A new study has identified novel strains of microbes that have adapted to use limited resources in cities, including those found in Hong Kong's subways and skin. These microbes can metabolize manufactured products, posing health risks if they are pathogenic.
Researchers at USC found a link between per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and kidney damage, which may be tied to dysregulation of the gut microbiome. The study, published in Science of the Total Environment, suggests that changes in gut bacteria and related metabolites can explain up to 50% of decreased kidney function.
Researchers used AI to repurpose FDA-approved drugs for chronic pain treatment. The LISA-CPI framework identified compounds that can bind to specific pain receptors and modulate signaling effects. Studies are underway to validate these compounds in the lab, offering a promising approach to advanced pain management.
Researchers have developed a new NMR platform using chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI to visualize metabolite dynamics in living plants. This breakthrough enables noninvasive monitoring of sugar and amino acid distribution, improving crop improvement through breeding research.
A new study reveals that possum shrimp rely on distinctive chemical cues from their underwater caves to find their way back. Researchers found that each cave had a unique water-borne odor bouquet, which helped the shrimp navigate between them.
A recent study published in Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism reveals that intensive diabetes treatment can positively impact periodontal inflammation. The research found improvements in glycoalbumin levels and Periodontal Inflamed Surface Area, indicating reduced blood glucose levels and periodontal disease.
A new study found that oxycodone consumption in Australia decreased by 45% from 2019 to 2020, coinciding with national policy changes. The Australian National Prescribing Service launched initiatives to improve opioid prescribing practices, including training and reduced package sizes.
Scientists discovered the highest natural blood sugar levels in mammals, found in a species of bats that can survive on a diet rich in sugars. The study's findings suggest that these bats have evolved unique strategies for glucose regulation, which may hold potential for managing metabolic diseases in humans.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have discovered a strategy to kill breast cancer cells and shrink tumors by depriving them of two vital nutrients: glutamine and its backup supply, alpha-ketoglutarate. This approach was successful in lab experiments and effective in treating tumors in mice.
A study published in The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery found a link between Modic changes and microbial diversity in the lumbar cartilaginous endplates. Patients with Modic changes had more severe lumbar disc degeneration and a distinct metabolite profile, suggesting potential contributors to its pathogenesis.
Researchers discuss the role of gut microbiota in regulating basal inflammation levels and promoting healing of the bowel after surgery. Weakened gut barrier function may lead to persistent low-grade inflammation and increased risk of cancer recurrence.
A new Cleveland Clinic study reveals that diet-derived molecules called metabolites are the main drivers of young-onset colorectal cancer risk, particularly those associated with red and processed meat. The research suggests that addressing diet with doctors can help prevent colon cancer in younger adults.
Researchers investigated whole genome duplication's effects on greater duckweed's metabolome, finding increased metabolite abundance and changes in cell size. The study sheds light on the immediate phytochemical effects of WGD, highlighting the need for cell-level impacts analysis.
A new study from the University of Eastern Finland found that children's exposome scores, measuring environmental and lifestyle factors, are associated with altered serum levels of 31 metabolites. These metabolites were linked to cardiometabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes in later life.
Researchers at Van Andel Institute discovered over 1,000 previously undetected proteins in common metabolite samples that persist despite extraction methods. A novel protocol for removing these proteins was developed to improve future metabolomics experiments.
A multidisciplinary team developed GeneMAP to probe gene function in metabolism. They identified SLC25A48 as necessary for mitochondrial choline transport and associated it with eight human diseases.
A new study highlights the benefits of intermittent fasting and protein-pacing on gut health, weight loss, and metabolic responses. Participants showed improved diversity of the gut microbiota, decreased symptoms of gastrointestinal problems, and increased beneficial microbes linked to a lean body type.
A study reveals that salty soil conditions can facilitate disease in plants caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas brassicacearum R401. The researchers identified a phytotoxic metabolite, brassicapeptin, which is toxic to plants under salt stress and forms pores in plant membranes.
Researchers found that gut bacteria-generated linoleic acid metabolite KetoC markedly reduced inflammation and immune cell expansion. gKetoC also suppressed prolonged T-cell proliferation and dendritic cell activation. The study suggests a potential molecular axis governing the immunomodulatory effects of gKetoC.
Researchers from VCU School of Medicine and Richmond VA Medical Center discover that replacing meat with plant-based proteins for one meal reduces harmful ammonia levels in people with advanced liver disease. The study found significant differences in blood and urine samples, revealing lower amino acids associated with ammonia production.
Researchers found that altering a male mouse's gut microbiota increases the probability of low birth weight and premature death in their offspring. The study suggests a 'gut-germline axis' exists, connecting the gut microbiota to the germline and potentially influencing inherited traits.
Researchers found a genetic link between higher circulating levels of arachidonic acid and lower risk for bipolar disorder. The study suggests that altering arachidonic acid synthesis pathways may reduce bipolar disorder risk, particularly in those with compromised pathways.
Researchers developed a ten-minute breath test to monitor antibiotic concentrations, offering a non-invasive alternative to traditional blood tests. The study found that exhaled breath samples can detect specific metabolites associated with antibiotics, paving the way for potential therapeutic drug monitoring.
Researchers at Michigan State University have discovered a second parallel metabolic pathway for acylsugars in tomato roots, shedding light on the plant's defense mechanisms. The findings could lead to improved natural pesticides and a better understanding of the resilience of Solanaceae family plants.
The study identified genes and transcription factors involved in the balance process of diosgenin and brassinosteroids in Dioscorea zingiberensis. CAS and CYP90s play a pivotal role in sterol homeostasis, suggesting a new perspective on regulatory networks.
Researchers used machine learning to analyze over 1.09 million potential metabolite-receptor pairs and predict the likelihood that each interaction contributed to Alzheimer's disease. The study found a protective metabolite called agmatine interacting with a receptor called CA3R in brain cells, reducing CA3R levels and lowering phospho...
A new case report uses longitudinal multi-omics monitoring to detect a precancerous pancreatic tumor in a patient. The study highlights the potential of blood-based LMOM for early detection and personalized medicine, warranting further translational research.
A new study published in Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine reveals that smartphone swabs can successfully detect drugs on phone surfaces. The method, which uses dry swabs, identified MDMA, cocaine, and THC as the most common substances, with other drugs including ketamine, LSD, and heroin also detected.
Researchers found that CMS121 reduced body weight gain by 40% and improved glucose and lipid indexes in aging mice. The compound also showed anti-inflammatory effects and increased mitochondrial biogenesis, suggesting potential therapeutic applications for metabolic diseases.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that high fat/low protein diets in rats during pregnancy and postnatally can cause altered glucose control and other maladaptive metabolic changes in their offspring. The researchers also discovered disruptions in circadian rhythm programming of energy metabolites through adulthood.
Researchers unveil innovative strategies to overcome metabolic constraints in CAR-T cell therapy, aiming to boost its efficacy in treating solid tumors. Metabolic interventions targeting immunosuppressive metabolites, metabolite uptake, and mitochondrial metabolism are proposed to enhance anti-tumor activity.
Research reveals that polyphenols interact with bitter taste receptors in the gut, promoting vasorelaxation, regulating blood pressure, and influencing hormone secretion. Bitter and astringent perception of polyphenols also affects HPA axis activation, improving mood and memory function.
A KAIST-Seoul National University Hospital research team has developed a computational workflow that predicts metabolites and metabolic pathways associated with somatic mutations in cancers. The workflow uses genome-scale metabolic models and mutation data to identify altered metabolic pathways that contribute to cancer progression.
Research reveals that dietary tryptophan can be broken down by gut bacteria into small molecules that bind to a receptor, triggering a pathway that reduces the production of proteins used by E. coli to attach to the gut lining. This ultimately prevents the pathogen from colonizing and causing infection.
The study reveals a vast array of secondary bile acids produced by microbes in the gut, expanding our understanding of their functions and impact on human health. These molecules play important roles in digestion, immune system regulation, and metabolic processes, offering new insights into diseases related to bile acids.
A new study has revealed a molecular fingerprint of biological aging, shedding light on why people age differently. The researchers identified 25 metabolites that can reflect biological age, known as the Healthy Aging Metabolic (HAM) Index, which was found to be more accurate than other aging metrics.
Researchers decode underlying mechanisms of DCM, hippocampal neurotoxicity, and dysbiosis mediated AD progression using mass spectrometry imaging. The studies found metabolic changes in DCM rat hearts and regulation of CYPs in the hippocampus, providing new perspectives on treatment strategies.
Recent research by scientists at Boyce Thompson Institute reveals that a specific fatty acid produced by gut bacteria directly influences fat metabolism in animals. This discovery sheds light on the complex interplay between diet, gut microbiota, and host metabolic health.
Researchers from Osaka University discovered that a specific bacterial interaction causes the production of methyl mercaptan, a major contributor to bad breath. The interaction between Streptococcus gordonii and Fusobacterium nucleatum leads to increased methyl mercaptan production, which is driven by methionine metabolism.
Researchers use machine learning to combine mismatched datasets and reduce variation by over 95%, retaining meaningful differences. The approach has potential to provide deeper understanding of normal metabolism and identify biomarkers for disease.
A new study found that changes in the mother's gut microbiome during pregnancy may influence the immune system's response. The research showed altered levels of cytokines and metabolites, which could lead to a suppressed immune system during pregnancy.
Researchers at the University of Manchester have developed a new genetic biocontainment method that directly targets essential proteins, providing a robust escape frequency. The method uses an estradiol-controlled destabilizing domain degron to control survival of genetically engineered yeast organisms.
Researchers have developed a novel imaging method to study the intricate relationships within a fungal garden cultivated by leafcutter ants. The technique revealed crucial metabolites and enzymes driving plant degradation, highlighting the fungus as the primary degrader of plant materials.
Researchers have developed an AI-driven test that accurately diagnoses ovarian cancer in women clinically classified as normal, improving detection of early-stage disease. The test uses machine learning and blood metabolite information to assign a probability of disease presence or absence, offering a more clinically informative approach.
A new perspective paper addresses common questions and misconceptions about the postbiotic definition, which excludes microbially-produced metabolites. The authors provide further justification for the concept, clarifying its scope and implications for commercial products.
Research reveals bacteria in human gut use diverse enzymes to generate energy from organic compounds, producing metabolites with implications for human health. The study identifies 22 alternative metabolites used by three families of gut bacteria, showcasing their remarkable adaptability.
Researchers at the Boyce Thompson Institute discovered a novel family of metabolites called acylspermidines that are linked to sirtuin activity. These compounds were found to influence lifespan in C. elegans and cell proliferation in mammals, providing new insights into the physiological functions of spermidine and sirtuins.
Researchers at the Max-Planck-Institute have developed a synthetic biochemical cycle that directly converts CO2 into Acetyl-CoA using three modules implemented in E.coli. The THETA cycle has shown promising results with improved acetyl-CoA yield through optimization and in vivo feasibility testing.
Researchers discovered that eutypine activates plant defense mechanisms, primarily due to its phenolic moiety, which triggers a rapid calcium influx and increases the expression of defense-related genes. The study also found that different chemical groups in these compounds play varying roles in plant defense mechanisms.
Researchers used SERS spectroscopy to explore metabolites secreted by cancer cells, discovering a unique paracrine crosstalk that reprograms the tumor environment. This study demonstrates the potential of SERS technology for cancer metabolism research and may lead to new therapeutic strategies.
A study published in Environmental Health Perspectives found that exposure to phthalates can lower the odds of getting pregnant, but not lead to pregnancy loss. The researchers also discovered associations between preconception phthalate exposure and changes in women's reproductive hormones, inflammation, and oxidative stress.
A new study suggests that breastfeeding, even partially alongside formula feeding, positively influences brain development in infants. The research found significant differences in metabolite levels between breastfed and formula-fed infants, with those fed breast milk having better cognitive test scores at age 2.
Scientists in Brazil have developed a method to obtain a substance similar to estrogen from soy isoflavones, which may help alleviate menopause symptoms. The researchers extracted equol from soybean oil production residue and found it to be more bioavailable than glycosylated forms.
A new study identified 60 alcohol-associated circulating metabolites that appear to produce counteractive effects on the risk of heart disease. The findings suggest that moderate alcohol consumption may trigger changes in metabolomic profiles, yielding both beneficial and harmful outcomes.
Researchers at UChicago find that trans-vaccenic acid (TVA), a fatty acid in meat and dairy, enhances CD8+ T cell immunity against tumors. TVA also improves response to immunotherapy treatments for patients with higher levels of the nutrient in their blood.