Articles tagged with Dna Methylation
Researchers developed a new tool to measure biological aging in individual cell types, providing insights into diseases like Alzheimer's and liver pathologies. The study found that certain brain cells and liver cells show signs of accelerated aging, making it a better tool for detecting diseases.
Prof. Stephen Baylin, Prof. Peter Jones, and Prof. Andrew Feinberg will receive the Harvey Prize for their groundbreaking work in cancer epigenetics, transforming our understanding of cellular function and disease progression. Their research has led to new diagnostic approaches and accelerated treatments targeting epigenetic mechanisms.
A study has identified a gene called MdTCP11 that controls the growth of compact apple trees, also known as spur-type varieties. These trees exhibit increased fruit yield and require less pruning, making them ideal for modern orchards.
A novel method has been developed to infer DNA methylation patterns in non-skeletal tissues from ancient specimens, providing new insights into human evolution. The study found over 1,850 sites of differential methylation specifically in prefrontal cortex neurons, linked to genes crucial for brain development.
This systematic review analyzes 33 biological clocks used for aging and mortality quantification, categorizing them into epigenetic and phenotypic clocks. Epigenetic clocks demonstrate precision in estimating chronological age through DNA methylation, while phenotypic clocks predict mortality using easily measurable clinical variables.
A recent study demonstrates that stool DNA testing is highly sensitive and specific for detecting colorectal cancer among Thai individuals, with a sensitivity of 91.5% and specificity of 90.3%. The test targets methylation statuses of three genes and may provide a viable non-invasive alternative to colonoscopy.
Researchers found that plants have multiple enzymes for adding methyl groups to DNA, allowing them to override genetic instructions. The study reveals the evolutionary history of these enzymes and their unique structures, providing insights into plant resilience to environmental changes.
A new study found that the effects of alcohol exposure on an embryo prior to implantation can be detected in the late-gestation placenta. The research revealed significant molecular changes in the placenta, including DNA methylation alterations that could serve as a molecular signature for detecting alcohol exposure.
A new mechanism of DNA damage response has been identified, involving an RNA transcript that regulates genome stability. The study found that NEAT1, a long non-coding RNA transcript, plays a crucial role in recognizing and repairing DNA double-strand breaks.
A new epigenetic clock based on cheek cells accurately predicts mortality risk, outperforming previous clocks trained on blood data. The study found that specific methylation sites are linked to human mortality, and future research is needed to identify associations with age-related diseases.
Researchers have identified six epigenetic hallmarks that characterize transformed cells, including DNA methylation, viral reactivation, and histone protein modifications. These properties enable cancer cells to evolve and resist therapy, making them a key target for improving diagnosis and treatment.
After analyzing human immune cells and TB patients, researchers found that TCA metabolism plays a crucial role in DNA methylation. Adding an inhibitor of TCA activation reduced detrimental marks, suggesting epigenetic healing is possible. This discovery may lead to new treatment strategies for infectious diseases.
Researchers compared epigenetic changes across the genome in young adults who vaped, smoked or did not use nicotine products, finding a tumor-suppressor gene among the key findings. The study found substantial overlap in DNA methylation patterns between people who vaped versus those who smoked.
Researchers discovered that DNA methylation patterns, like cellular memory markers, prevent reprogrammed cells from fully adopting new identities. This limitation limits the effectiveness of long-term treatments and therapies.
Scientists have discovered that epigenetic changes can reprogram astrocytes into brain stem cells, which can potentially be used to replace damaged nerve cells in regenerative medicine. This breakthrough is made possible by the methylation of genetic material, allowing these special astrocytes to acquire stem cell properties.
Researchers have made progress in understanding how genetics and lifestyle factors influence dementia risk through epigenetics. DNA methylation signatures in blood can mirror protein biomarker levels in spinal fluid samples, used for diagnosing dementia.
Researchers at Rockefeller University identified CDCA7 as a new genetic sensor for DNA methylation, resolving the molecular function of a gene associated with a rare genetic disorder. The discovery explains how CDCA7 ensures accurate inheritance of DNA methylation and fills a major gap in epigenetics.
Researchers found associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and DNA methylation-based aging clocks in older men, suggesting that active lifestyles may delay biological aging. The study aims to establish fitness reference values to help prevent the onset of diseases associated with aging.
Researchers studied the association of 12 immune cell types with epigenetic age acceleration in healthy and diseased populations. Their work sheds light on the complex interplay between immune cell composition and epigenetic aging.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have discovered DNA methylation patterns that help identify the root cause of developmental and epileptic encephalopathies, a condition affecting 1 in 590 children. The findings provide a new tool for diagnosing children with DEE and could lead to more effective treatments.
Researchers at Lawson Health Research Institute have made a world-first discovery using advanced technology and artificial intelligence (AI) to accurately diagnose rare diseases and prenatal exposure-related birth abnormalities. They used EpiSign technology, which measures a patient's epigenome, to identify patients affected by recurre...
A study published in BMC Medicine found that an eight-week vegan diet reduced biological age estimates by analyzing DNA methylation levels. The research, conducted on 21 pairs of identical twins, showed decreases in biological age and organ systems' ages for those who followed a vegan diet.
A new DNA methylation array can assess methylation levels of genes in imprint control regions, which regulate the expression of imprinted genes. The array has 22,000 probes and can identify potential links between environmental exposures and epigenetic dysregulation in diseases.
Scientists at deCODE Genetics found that genome variants drive the correlation between DNA methylation and gene expression. The research uses new nanopore sequencing technology to analyze DNA sequences in real-time, revealing a link between noncoding sequence variants and diseases.
A new study published in Aging explores the potential of three large DNA methylation datasets to identify biological age signals in dogs. The researchers found that biological age methylation clocks are affected by population stratification and require heavy parameterization to achieve effective predictions.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine discover that cattle have CoRSIVs, regions on the DNA that regulate gene expression and can predict desirable traits such as milk production and disease resistance. The study opens new possibilities for improving production efficiency in the cattle industry.
Scientists have introduced a novel approach to recreate bacterial methylation patterns, enhancing DNA transformation. This enables the genetic modification of pathogenic bacteria and probiotics, leading to potential new antibiotics and cell-based therapies.
Researchers discovered that H3K9 methylation is not a simple 'off switch' but rather a 'dimmer switch' that fine-tunes DNA transcription in thale cresses. The study found that two other proteins, LDL2 and ASHH3, play a crucial role in this process.
Researchers found associations between childhood cognition, adolescent crystalized intelligence, and midlife fluid intelligence with DNA methylation age acceleration. A 1-unit increase in adolescent PPVT was associated with a 0.048-year decrease in aging.
A new, streamlined urine DNA test detects primary bladder cancer more accurately than current methods, potentially reducing the need for invasive cystoscopy. The test shows high sensitivity and specificity, even for detecting high-grade noninvasive papillary carcinoma.
Researchers have trained an AI model to identify DNA methylation patterns indicative of different cancer types, achieving 98.2% accuracy. This breakthrough could enable early detection and screening of cancers, leading to improved patient outcomes.
Researchers discovered that T-cell aging is not limited by organismal age, and healthy T cells can proliferate indefinitely. The epigenetic clock of T cells shows that death is not the end, and these cells do not plateau with age, defying traditional notions of cellular aging.
A new study found that higher lifestyle scores associated with better heart health can lead to a younger biological age and lower risk of heart disease and stroke. The study used DNA methylation levels as a biomarker to estimate biological age.
A study from North Carolina State University found that environmentally caused alterations in the genome may contribute to Alzheimer's disease risk, particularly in Black people. The research identified stable epigenetic features that distinguish Alzheimer's brains from those without the disease.
Researchers found a significant association between neighborhood deprivation and DNA methylation in brain tissue, which may be linked to immune response. The study identified one CpG site (cg26514961, PLXNC1 gene) significantly associated with neighborhood deprivation after controlling for covariates.
A new study links interpersonal discrimination to changes at the molecular level, revealing a potential root cause of disparities in aging-related illness and death. Discrimination is consistently associated with accelerated biological aging, with everyday and major forms being linked to faster aging.
Scientists have discovered that aging clocks measure stochastic changes in cells, rather than damage accumulation. This finding suggests that aging can be predicted using the variation in cellular processes.
Researchers at Tampere University and Hospital discovered that aberrant DNA methylation contributes to the development of aggressive AT/RT brain tumors in young children. This finding paves the way for a deeper understanding of the disease and potential new treatments.
Researchers at IRB Barcelona have identified 'coldspots' in the cancer genome with lower mutation rates, linked to low DNA methylation. This discovery could facilitate targeted therapies and diagnostic tools to monitor specific genomic regions and prevent cancer development.
Researchers found that social status is reflected in epigenetic signatures, including DNA methylation patterns, in juvenile and adult free-ranging spotted hyenas. These patterns are linked to important physiological processes such as energy conversion and immune response.
A new study finds that e-cigarette users with a limited smoking history experience similar DNA changes to specific cheek cells as smokers. The researchers also found that some smoking-related epigenetic changes remain more stable after giving up smoking, suggesting that e-cigarettes may not be completely safe.
A new study from the University of Chicago analyzed DNA methylation in tissue samples from former smokers, finding evidence of the body's attempts to defend itself from tobacco smoke. The research team identified new regions associated with smoking and found that DNA methylation varies dramatically across cell types and tissue types.
Researchers discovered a DNA shift in innate immune memory cells that contributes to severe immune conditions like sepsis. By blocking this change, therapeutic interventions can restore normal monocyte activity, offering new hope for treating such conditions.
Researchers found associations between prenatal vitamin and metal exposures and epigenetic aging biomarkers in early life. A one standard deviation increase in essential metals was associated with lower Horvath EAA at birth, while arsenic was linked to greater EAA at birth and in childhood.
Researchers investigated the impact of senolytic treatments on DNA methylation clocks and epigenetic age. Results showed significant increases in epigenetic age acceleration with Dasatinib and Quercetin treatment, but not with Fisetin addition.
Research by Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology and Duke University found that early life adversity, such as drought and poor habitat quality, can leave lasting signatures in baboon DNA. Multiple exposures to early adversity appear to have compounding effects on DNA methylation.
A large-scale study has found a significant link between smoking and DNA methylation, with two new epigenetic markers identified that differ by race or ethnicity. The research could lead to better ways to predict smoking-related disease risk and improve early detection and treatment.
A recent study published in Nature found that smoking has a lasting effect on the immune system, with certain defense mechanisms persisting for up to 10-15 years after quitting. The research used a large cohort of healthy volunteers and identified three key factors: smoking, latent cytomegalovirus infection, and body mass index.
A new DNA methylation-based method enables accurate assessment of pancreas cell composition, identifying specific cell types and providing insights into beta-cell dysfunction. The study offers direct clinical implications for understanding diabetes development and guiding tailored treatment strategies.
Researchers develop epigenetic clocks based on regional disorder of DNA methylation patterns, identifying common responses and critical differences from canonical clocks. These findings suggest a fundamental decoupling of epigenetic aging processes.
Research in mice reveals that epigenetic status controls cancer cells' behavior at metastasis sites, with some cells entering dormancy while others grow into tumors. The study identifies DNA methylation as a key factor in this decision.
A new CRISPR-based technology, TRED-I, has been developed to increase visibility of cancer cells to the immune system by augmenting MHC class I molecules. This technology has shown promising results in animal cancer models, reducing tumor sizes and enhancing treatment efficacy when used with existing immunotherapy.
Researchers analyzed LTBR expression levels in various cancers, finding it associated with low patient survival and immune cell infiltration. The study identified LTBR as a potential target for cancer immunotherapy and marker of poor prognosis.
Researchers summarize the latest progress in comprehending epigenetic pathways and their dysregulation in cancer development. They discuss the therapeutic potential of epigenetic drugs and combination therapies.
Researchers at Salk Institute assembled the most complete atlas of the mouse brain by analyzing over 2 million brain cells. The detailed atlas reveals thousands of cell types, their connections, genes, and regulatory programs active in each cell, providing new insights into human disease vulnerabilities.
Researchers from the University of California, Berkeley, and the University of Oxford found that formaldehyde inhibits DNA methylation, turning genes on or off. The study suggests that high levels of formaldehyde may suppress the body's attempts to prevent cancer.
Researchers uncover intricate interplay between enhancers and silencers influenced by DNA methylation, providing crucial insights into dynamic gene control. High-resolution mapping reveals how genes are controlled and modified, paving the way for precision medicine tailored to individual patients.
A new treatment strategy shows promise in preclinical models of advanced prostate cancer with RB1 gene loss or neuroendocrine features. Decitabine and B7-H3 targeted therapy have been shown to slow tumor growth and improve efficacy when combined.
Researchers found that higher alcohol consumption is associated with biological age acceleration and hypertension in middle-aged and older adults, but not in young adults. The study suggests that alcohol consumption may mediate the association between alcohol intake and quantitative traits like hypertension.
Scientists at University of Leicester investigate sleep's impact on ageing epigenetics using jewel wasp model, finding potential reversible effects on DNA methylation. This study aims to understand the molecular basis of sleep-regulated ageing and its potential for therapeutic intervention.