Articles tagged with Brain Tumors
Researchers developed a unique, compact imaging device to 'light up' malignant brain tumors using scorpion venom protein and a laser. The system consists of a special camera and an imaging agent that targets cancer cells, enabling neurosurgeons to remove more tumor and spare healthy tissue during surgery.
Researchers have identified a genetic alteration in the NF-κB pathway that drives tumor development and provides clues for treating ependymoma, a devastating childhood brain cancer. The study offers new insights into how abnormal proteins can lead to cancer and may aid efforts to understand and intervene against other cancers.
A clinical trial found that adding bevacizumab to standard glioblastoma treatment did not increase overall survival, but did delay the risk of toxicity. The study also showed a decline in neurocognitive function and quality of life for patients receiving bevacizumab.
Scientists use nanofibers to trick glioblastoma cells into moving away from inoperable brain locations and towards a 'tumor collector' gel containing a toxic drug. This technique may allow patients to live with slow-growing tumors, controlling their growth rather than eradicating the cancer.
A new study reveals that girls with NF1 are at greater risk of vision loss from brain tumors, while boys are more vulnerable to learning disabilities. The research identifies gender-linked differences in male mice that may help explain these findings.
A study of 52 patients with metastatic brain tumors found that early tumor shrinkage after stereotactic radiosurgery indicates a positive outcome, reducing the need for further monitoring. Tumors that did not respond initially were more likely to recur or require additional treatment.
A Phase I clinical trial is underway to evaluate the safety and dosing of a personalized vaccine targeting cancer stem cells in patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme. The vaccine aims to boost the immune system's ability to recognize and destroy cancer cells, potentially leading to improved treatment outcomes.
A multi-institutional team has discovered a gene mutation associated with several cancers also drives a rare brain tumor called papillary craniopharyngioma. The BRAF mutation was found in 94% of tested papillary tumors, suggesting it could be targeted by existing therapies.
Scientists have identified a mutated gene causing papillary craniopharyngiomas, a type of benign but devastating brain tumor. A targeted therapy approach using BRAF inhibitors may improve treatment outcomes, with plans for clinical trials underway.
Researchers from McGill University have identified two transcription factors controlling the expression of genes involved in GBM tumourigenesis. Impairing these proteins could significantly reduce the ability of brain tumour-initiating cells to give rise to brain tumors.
Researchers at Cedars-Sinai identified immune system targets on cancer stem cells and created an experimental vaccine to attack them. The vaccine, which uses dendritic cells, was tested in lab mice and showed promise without causing side effects.
The Ben & Catherine Ivy Foundation awarded a $3 million grant to TGen, Nemucore Medical Innovations Inc., and Barrow Neurological Institute to develop targeted therapies for glioblastoma. The collaboration aims to create personalized medicine by bridging the blood-brain barrier.
A phase 2 trial of a personalized vaccine made from patient tumor tissue showed improved survival rates compared to standard care alone. The vaccine, HSPPC-96, triggered an immune response to kill remaining tumor cells after surgery.
Arthur L. Day, M.D., professor of neurosurgery at UTHealth, received the Founders' Laurel Award for his exceptional service and meritorious accomplishments in medical education. He is recognized internationally for his expertise in cerebrovascular and skull base neurosurgery, particularly in treating pituitary tumors.
Researchers at McGill University Health Centre propose a new model for the development of ETMR/ETANTR, a deadly type of brain tumour found only in children under four. They identify DNMT3B as a potential target for therapies to combat the disease.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine found that erlotinib, a drug approved to treat lung cancer, substantially shrunk chordoma tumors in mice. The study offers new hope for chordoma patients who have exhausted traditional treatments and have limited financial incentives for pharmaceutical companies to develop new drugs.
A team of researchers has discovered a mechanism that boosts the immune system and reduces brain tumor growth, paving the way for new treatment options. The study identified a commercially available drug, amphotericin B, as a potential novel treatment for patients with glioblastoma, a frequently lethal form of brain cancer.
Researchers found that PKM2 controls mitosis, allowing cancer cells to safely divide and promoting brain tumor growth. Depleting PKM2 led to programmed cell death in tumor cells.
Researchers at CNIO discovered blocking Cdh1 protein prevents cellular proliferation in rapidly dividing cells. This could lead to new therapies targeting cancer.
Researchers found that hyperthermia treatment completely destroyed the blood-brain barrier surrounding tumors, allowing chemotherapy drugs to target and kill cancer cells. Additionally, hyperthermia combined with radiotherapy showed synergistic benefits in treating brain gliomas.
Javad Nazarian, a Children's Research Institute researcher, has received a $99,979 grant to study pediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) using proteomics and RNA sequencing. The goal is to understand the molecular biology of this lethal childhood cancer.
Researchers developed a new immunotherapy approach that successfully treated glioblastoma, a fatal brain tumor, by stimulating the immune system and inducing tumor rejection. The treatment, combining intra-tumoral Interleukin-12 with CTLA-4 blockade, achieved a success rate of up to 80% in preclinical trials.
A Phase I clinical trial found that eight out of 16 patients with glioblastoma multiforme survived longer than five years, with median overall survival at 38.4 months. The treatment used an ICT-107 vaccine to alert the immune system to cancer cells and activate a tumor-killing response.
Researchers have discovered a new method of delivering chemotherapy drugs directly to brain tumours using a polymer originally designed to mend broken bones. The therapy has shown promising results, reducing toxic side effects and potentially leading to more effective treatment and prolonged patient survival.
Researchers used advanced imaging techniques to determine which patients with glioblastoma would benefit from anti-angiogenic drugs. Persistent improvement in vessel perfusion and oxygen delivery was found to be associated with longer survival rates among patients.
Researchers discovered that doxycycline-induced neural stem cells exhibit increased proliferative activity and inhibitory differentiation similar to tumor stem cells. This suggests a possible link between neural stem cells and the origin of brain tumor stem cells.
Researchers Dr. Joan Seoane and Dr. Eduard Batlle from Barcelona have been recognized for their outstanding contributions to cancer research, with a focus on brain cancer and colorectal tumors. Their work aims to identify tumor stem cells and develop new therapeutic strategies to block metastasis.
A clinical trial suggests that combining radiotherapy with an anti-cancer drug called APG101 blocks a cell-signalling pathway crucial for glioblastoma development. The treatment showed promising results, with patients receiving the combination therapy living longer than those treated with radiotherapy alone.
Researchers developed a new method to treat medulloblastoma by disrupting cancer stem cells, halting their ability to proliferate. The approach shows promise in preventing tumor progression and overcoming resistance to therapy, offering hope for patients with this highly malignant cancer.
Johns Hopkins researchers have discovered a repurposed FDA-approved drug that can halt the growth of and eliminate brain tumor cells from adult human patients. The treatment targets a specific mutation in the IDH1 gene, which is found in 70-80% of lower-grade gliomas.
A study of 70 pediatric patients treated with proton therapy found high local control rates (83%) and overall survival (95%), with subtotal resection correlated to decreased cognitive and endocrine outcomes. Few patients developed growth hormone deficiency, hypothyroidism or hearing loss.
Researchers developed algorithm to improve tumor segmentation in medical images, reducing errors and devastating consequences.
Johns Hopkins researchers reveal how Merlin, a protein involved in tumor suppression, acts as a 'matchmaker' to control tissue growth. By arranging interactions between proteins, Merlin helps prevent cancerous tumors from forming.
A study published in Neurosurgery found that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) increases the risk of benign tumors, particularly those affecting the nervous system. In contrast, BMP has no association with an increased risk of malignant cancers.
Researchers have developed a new laser-based technology that can distinguish between cancerous and healthy brain tissue in real-time during surgery. This could lead to better outcomes and longer survival rates for patients with glioblastoma multiforme, the most deadly type of brain tumor.
Researchers have developed a new imaging technology, SRS microscopy, that allows surgeons to distinguish between brain tissue and tumors at a microscopic level. This technique can guide surgeons in the operating room and potentially improve surgical outcomes for patients with glioblastoma multiforme.
A team of researchers led by WPI's Gregory Fischer will test a new minimally invasive approach to treating brain tumors using a robot designed to work within an MRI scanner. The system promises to accurately destroy malignant tissue while leaving surrounding tissue unaffected, offering a significant improvement over current treatments.
Researchers at University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center discovered that an inflammatory protein converts glioblastoma cells into their most aggressive form, leading to radiation resistance and reducing treatment effectiveness. Blocking the inflammatory response may improve outcomes for patients.
Researchers found NY-ESO-1 protein in nearly all high-grade meningiomas, a potential new target for therapies. The protein is already being tested in a clinical trial at the National Cancer Institute.
A new MRI technique, Vessel Architectural Imaging, can identify patients with aggressive brain cancer who are most likely to benefit from treatment. The technique allows for personalized medicine and quicker initiation of alternative treatments.
A new MR analysis technique called vessel architectural imaging (VAI) can identify changes in brain tumor blood vessels within days of anti-angiogenesis therapy initiation. VAI has shown that 10 out of 30 patients with recurrent glioblastoma responded to the treatment, surviving six months longer than non-responders.
A randomized phase II trial is investigating a personalized vaccine made from a patient's own brain tumor, combined with Avastin, for treating recurrent glioblastoma multiforme. The trial aims to extend survival and slow tumor progression, offering new hope for patients with limited treatment options.
Researchers develop bioengineered peptide to distinguish tumors from healthy tissue, demonstrating promising results in imaging medulloblastomas in lab mice. The new approach offers real-time imaging and potential for targeted drug delivery to cranial tumors.
Researchers found that IL-17 signaling in tumor-infiltrating T cells encourages resistance to VEGF-blockade in mouse models. Inhibiting IL-17 with monoclonal antibodies may improve clinical efficacy of VEGF-targeting drugs, a potential new strategy for cancer therapy.
Dr. Lu Zhou has been awarded the Children's Tumor Foundation Young Investigator Award to develop therapies based on existing drugs for NF tumours, aiming to improve quality of life and survival rates for children with this condition.
Researchers developed digital PCR technology to detect IDH1 mutation in CSF of patients with brain tumors, improving treatment choice and patient care. The technique has potential for noninvasive biomarker identification and personalized medicine.
A laboratory study shows that a nanotechnology drug called SapC-DOPS crosses the blood-brain barrier and targets brain-tumor cells, retarding growth of tumor blood vessels. The agent also sensitizes hypoxic cells to killing, supporting further development as a novel treatment for glioblastoma.
Researchers at Yale University found that a human metastatic tumor can arise when a leukocyte and a cancer cell fuse to form a genetic hybrid, potentially explaining how cancer cells travel to distant organs. The study's findings provide the first evidence of such a phenomenon in humans and could lead to new therapy targets.
A cancer doctor turned to immunotherapy after his Great Dane's lung cancer diagnosis. The treatment, using an engineered vaccine, significantly prolonged the dog's life and has sparked interest in testing on human brain cancer patients.
Researchers found that brain tumor cells with intact IDH gene produce a key enzyme BCAT1, which boosts cell proliferation. Blocking BCAT1 reduced tumor aggressiveness and released neurotransmitter glutamate. The study suggests using BCAT1 as a therapeutic target for glioblastoma treatment.
Researchers have discovered how and why an anti-cancer therapy stops working when tumor cells become starved of oxygen. This new understanding could lead to the development of more effective therapies for cancer treatment.
A new molecular imaging technique, F-18 FET, has been shown to be highly effective in detecting and differentiating brain lesions in children, with an accuracy rate of 94%. This study improves the clinical management of pediatric brain cancer patients by providing more accurate information about tumor progression and treatment.
A clinical trial found that adding bevacizumab to standard treatment for glioblastoma did not improve overall survival or progression-free survival. However, patients in the bevacizumab arm experienced a greater decline in cognitive function and symptom burden compared to those on placebo.
Researchers at Lund University have developed a vaccine-based treatment that stimulates the immune system to fight brain tumors, with promising results in animal experiments. The treatment has shown significant effectiveness in curing rats of their brain tumors.
In a large, international randomized trial, initial radiotherapy was compared to temozolomide chemotherapy. No significant difference in progression-free survival was observed between the two treatment strategies, with radiotherapy numerically favored. Molecular tumor characterization may allow personalized treatment approaches.
Researchers discovered that targeting CTLA-4 and OX-40 proteins on regulatory T cells can help eliminate cancer cells. Mice treated with antibodies against these proteins had smaller tumors and improved survival, including clearance of brain metastases.
A modified poliovirus is infecting and killing glioblastoma brain tumor cells with encouraging results in an ongoing phase 1 study, researchers report. The virus-based therapy, known as PVSRIPO, triggers the immune system to attack infected tumor cells.
Researchers developed a mouse model to study MPNST, identifying genes FOXR2 and NF1/PTEN pathways involved in its development. The study aims to repurpose existing therapeutics for MPNST treatment and explore new targeting strategies.
Researchers at Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry have discovered how the loss of a tumour suppressing protein leads to abnormal cell division in the brain and nervous system. The study's findings may lead to new drug-based therapies to reduce or negate the need for multiple surgeries or radiotherapies.
Researchers at the Salk Institute have identified TR4 as a protein that drives the formation of pituitary tumors in Cushing's disease, which could lead to a new therapeutic approach for this potentially life-threatening disorder. The study found that targeting this pathway could benefit treatment of CD.