Articles tagged with Ovaries
A new study finds that hysterectomies with ovarian conservation increase the risk of hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. Women under 35 are at greatest risk for congestive heart failure and coronary artery disease.
Belgian researchers have created a new artificial ovary prototype that resembles human ovarian tissue in terms of architecture and rigidity. The fibrin-based design could be used for ovary transplant, providing alternatives for women with infertility or cancer patients unable to conceive after treatment.
Researchers at University of Wisconsin-Madison discover estrogen produced in brain is necessary for ovulation in monkeys, potentially revealing cause of infertility problems and pointing to new methods of birth control. The discovery challenges traditional understanding of hormonal cascade leading to egg release from ovaries.
Researchers developed lab-engineered ovaries that improve bone and uterine health, body composition, and are more effective than hormone drugs in an animal model. The treatment could provide a safer, more natural alternative to hormone replacement medications.
A new study supports the view that increased lifetime exposure to estrogen is linked to a reduced risk of developing glaucoma. Women who took estrogen-only hormone replacement therapy after ovary removal had a lower risk of developing glaucoma.
The University of Illinois Chicago is conducting a $3 million study on inflammation's role in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), which affects one in seven women. The research aims to test whether nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug salsalate can improve ovarian function and reduce inflammation.
Researchers have found that ovarian stem cells in mammals play a crucial role in egg production, with potential applications for fertility treatments. The study's findings also suggest that these stem cells may be able to delay the onset of menopause by repairing their 'house' rather than increasing their numbers.
Australian scientists argue that the current PCOS definition brings no clear benefit to women, despite higher levels of depression, anxiety, and negative body image. The authors recommend reevaluating diagnosis and treatment based on individual characteristics and symptom severity.
A new study by Mayo Clinic researchers found that women who experienced physical, emotional, or sexual abuse are 62% more likely to have their ovaries removed before age 46. The study suggests that gynecological symptoms such as abdominal pain or excessive bleeding may lead to unnecessary and harmful surgeries.
Researchers at Northwestern University have created bioprosthetic mouse ovaries using 3D printing, which not only ovulate but also give birth to healthy pups. The study's findings suggest that scaffold architecture plays a crucial role in follicle survival, paving the way for potential human applications.
A small study found that cancer patients treated with chemotherapy combination ABVD had more non-growing eggs in their ovaries, increasing the possibility of future fertility. Researchers believe further research is needed to understand this phenomenon.
A large international survey found nearly two-thirds of women with PCOS waited over two years for a diagnosis and saw multiple healthcare providers before receiving a diagnosis. Women reported dissatisfaction with the length of time they waited and lack of information about treatments and long-term complications.
A study by University of Illinois researchers found that isoliquiritigenin, a licorice compound, disrupts steroid sex hormone production in the mouse ovary. This can lead to problems with reproduction and potentially impact fertility, estrogen levels for healthy brains and bones, and cardiovascular health.
Researchers have discovered that axolotl salamanders can regenerate their ovaries and produce eggs throughout their lifespan, sparking hopes for regenerative medicine solutions to human infertility. The study found that these salamanders' ability to repair damaged organs could be translated into humans with the help of key signals.
Researchers found that measuring blood levels of irisin may help diagnose PCOS in teenagers, potentially reducing unnecessary treatments and improving symptoms management. High irisin levels in teens with PCOS are associated with higher testosterone levels, a key marker of the condition.
A study published in BMC Cancer found that the chemotherapy drug etoposide can damage developing ovaries in female fetuses, potentially affecting their fertility. Researchers exposed mouse ovaries to etoposide before follicle formation and found significant damage, leading to reduced egg supply and early menopause.
A new Northwestern Medicine study finds that ovarian environment changes with age, leading to decreased egg quality and fertility issues. Fibrotic and inflamed ovaries are identified as key factors contributing to this decline.
Researchers discovered how queen honeybees control worker bees' fertility through the Notch cell-signalling pathway. The study found that inhibiting Notch signalling can overcome the effect of queen pheromone and promote ovary activity in adult worker bees.
A University of Queensland study found that over a decade after hysterectomy with ovary conservation, nearly one-third of women experienced persistent hot flushes, while almost half suffered from frequent night sweats. The study suggests an abrupt decline in estrogen levels may contribute to this increased risk.
A new study suggests that removing the ovaries may increase the risk of colorectal cancer in women. Among 195,973 Swedish women who underwent ovary removal between 1965 and 2011, a 30% higher rate of colorectal cancer was found compared to the general population. The risk was even higher for women who had both ovaries removed.
Researchers identified two genes associated with twinning, including one linked to higher levels of FSH that may lead to multiple eggs being released at once. The findings have implications for infertility treatments and may help predict how women respond to fertility treatments.
Researchers found that probiotics tighten gut permeability and dampen inflammatory signals that drive immune cells to break down bone. Probiotic supplements protected female mice from bone density loss after ovarian removal.
A study published in Human Reproduction found that women with BRCA1 gene mutations have lower levels of anti-Müllerian hormone, indicating reduced ovarian reserves. This may impact fertility and suggest a need for earlier pregnancy planning.
Research from Australia suggests that women with PCOS report a higher prevalence of asthma, which is also linked to excess weight. The study found that PCOS status and body mass index were independently associated with asthma.
Researchers at Northwestern University developed an ovary bioprosthesis implant using a 3D printer, allowing mice to bear live young after ovary removal. The technology aims to restore fertility and hormone function in women affected by cancer treatments or born with reduced ovarian function.
A new study suggests that polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with asthma and excess weight in reproductive-age women. The research found a higher prevalence of asthma among PCOS patients compared to those without the condition, as well as an increased risk of asthma among overweight and obese individuals.
Researchers at Northwestern University developed a prosthetic ovary implant using 3D printing technology that restored fertility in mice. The bioprosthesis was made from gelatin and supported hormone-producing cells and immature egg cells, enabling oocyte growth and ovulation.
A study published in Scientific Reports found that pregnant ewes and their female lambs exposed to sewage sludge-derived fertilizers showed reduced ovary development, potentially affecting future reproductive health. The research highlights the need for steps to reduce contamination of sewage sludge-derived fertilizers.
A study by Yale University researchers found that very few women undergo bilateral salpingectomy with ovarian conservation during hysterectomies for non-cancerous conditions. The procedure may help protect against ovarian cancer and preserve hormonal levels, but its use varies widely among hospitals across the US.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects up to 5 million women nationwide, causing diverse symptoms and varying levels of severity. Research is needed to understand the genetic and environmental factors contributing to PCOS, as well as its long-term effects on reproductive health.
A new study refutes the idea that a single group of chemicals controls reproduction across numerous social insect species, suggesting pheromones evolved uniquely in different species. The researchers found no effect on egg production, but ovary regression was positively correlated with time to egg laying.
A clinical trial found that weight loss and exercise improve ovulation in women with PCOS, increasing pregnancy rates. The study also showed benefits for insulin sensitivity and triglyceride levels.
A new study published by the NIH finds that clomiphene is more effective than letrozole for treating unexplained infertility, resulting in more live births. The study compared over 900 couples undergoing fertility treatment and found that clomiphene resulted in higher pregnancy rates and fewer multiple pregnancies.
Researchers found that retrieving eggs from smaller follicles at an earlier stage in IVF improves embryo quality and clinical pregnancy rates. Granulosa cells' reduced ability to grow and multiply in older women's ovaries was linked to increased hormone sensitivity, leading to premature luteinisation.
A systematic review found that combining lifestyle changes with metformin improves weight loss, lower BMI, and improved menstruation in PCOS women. Lifestyle modification is the first step in managing PCOS, while metformin provides additional benefits for improving BMI and menstrual cycles.
A young woman has become the first to give birth naturally after doctors transplanted frozen ovarian tissue from her removed at age 13. The procedure restored her fertility and allowed her to conceive without assisted reproduction.
A new study shows that physical resistance training significantly improves sexual function, desire, arousal, and lubrication in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Additionally, it decreases anxiety and depression, suggesting a useful intervention for these individuals.
Researchers at NIH solved a mystery about ovarian cell origins and discovered how these cells share information during development. This new understanding may help identify causes of conditions like premature ovarian failure and polycystic ovarian syndrome.
Research in mice exposes pregnant females to phthalate DEHP, leading to male-to-female sex ratio imbalance and altered pup reproductive outcomes. Adult ovaries are also disrupted, with decreased follicle growth and steroid hormone production.
A new study found that exercise alone can lower the risk of heart defects in babies born to older mouse mothers. The research suggests that genetic mutations are tied to age, not egg quality, and that healthy metabolism and exercise may play a crucial role in preventing congenital heart disease.
A Women's Health Initiative study found that removing ovaries lowers the risk of pelvic organ prolapse in women after menopause. Age, rather than menopause, is a stronger predictor of the condition.
A study found that orb-weaving spiders living in urban areas tend to have larger bodies and increased reproductive abilities compared to those in natural environments. The spiders' size is associated with the level of urbanization, with larger bodies found in areas with more hard surfaces.
A study found that oral contraceptive users have significantly lower measures of ovarian reserve compared to non-users, with a marked suppressive effect on anti-Mullerian hormone and antral follicle count. The results suggest that women taking the Pill may need more frequent assessments of their reproductive status.
A new study finds that women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are at a high risk of developing type 2 diabetes, regardless of their body mass index (BMI). The study analyzed data from over 6,000 women and found that PCOS was associated with a five-fold increased risk of T2DM.
A new study of women with BRCA mutations who underwent risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy found high rates of sexual dysfunction, menopausal symptoms, and poor sleep. Hormone replacement therapy provided relief for some patients, highlighting the need for better strategies to manage long-term effects.
Researchers have discovered a single-ovary reproductive system in the basal bird Jeholornis and derived enantiornithine birds from China, indicating that this adaptation occurred gradually during the evolution of dinosaurs and basal birds. This finding supports the hypothesis that birds lost one ovary due to energetic pressures of flight.
Research found pregnant women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) exhibit low-grade inflammation, worsening during pregnancy. This abnormal inflammation may contribute to increased risk of pregnancy complications like pre-eclampsia and gestational diabetes.
A new UCSB study shows that the protein E-cadherin promotes collective cell migration by guiding cells to move and migrate. The researchers used innovative experimental tools to measure forces on E-cadherin molecules, revealing a non-perturbing approach to understanding tissue morphology.
The Endocrine Society publishes a Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosing and treating polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a leading cause of infertility in women. The guideline provides clear criteria for diagnosis and treatment recommendations, aiming to address the complexities of this hormone disorder.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have developed a technique that induces egg growth in some infertile women, allowing five of them to produce viable eggs for in vitro fertilization. The successful pregnancy and birth represent a breakthrough for women with primary ovarian insufficiency, who often rely on egg donation.
A study found that combining metformin and liraglutide results in greater weight loss and improvements in body mass index and waist circumference for women with polycystic ovary syndrome. This combination therapy also leads to higher chances of conception, improved pregnancy outcomes and improved metabolic profile.
A clinical study found that high-dose testosterone significantly improves sexual function among women who have had their uterus and ovaries removed. Women receiving 25mg of testosterone experienced improved blood concentrations of free testosterone, related to increased sexual encounters.
A new study published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found that hysterectomy with or without ovary removal does not increase a woman's risk of cardiovascular disease compared to natural menopause. Middle-aged women who have had hysterectomy can be encouraged due to reduced cardiovascular risk factors.
Researchers have identified dozens of essential genes for the piRNA pathway, which protects sex cells from transposons. The study reveals how specific genes, like asterix, regulate transposon repression and provides a foundation for understanding this complex mechanism.
Researchers at Carnegie Institution find that adult mice ovaries lack germ-line stem cells for egg production, debunking previous claims of continuous follicle turnover and resupply by adult stem cells. The study uses lineage-tracing technique to show primordial follicles are highly stable, with no detectable stem cell activity.
Researchers have found that secretions from the reproductive tract contribute to both ovulation and sperm function, and that a specific hormone receptor gene controls this process. The study suggests that a similar mechanism may exist in mammals, providing new insights into the mechanisms of ovulation.
Studies found women with PCOS identified through general population screening had similar obesity rates as those without the condition. However, women actively seeking treatment had significantly higher obesity rates. This challenges the long-held assumption that obesity is a hallmark of PCOS.
A team from Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center's Institute for Regenerative Medicine has developed engineered ovaries that can sustainably release sex hormones estrogen and progesterone. The bioartificial ovary could potentially replace hormone drugs, offering a more natural approach to hormone replacement therapy.
A recent study found that women with high anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels are 2.5 times more likely to have a successful IVF cycle than those with low levels. High AMH levels also signal increased chances of pregnancy and live birth, regardless of the number of eggs retrieved.
A groundbreaking study published in PLOS ONE names a new cell type playing a key role in ovary and ovarian follicle development, challenging conventional thinking. This discovery may lead to better understanding and treatment of infertility, premature ovarian failure, and ovarian cancer.