Articles tagged with Helium
Physicists from Heinrich Heine University and Forschungszentrum Jülich successfully accelerated polarized Helium-3 ions using laser-plasma acceleration. The preserved spin alignment increases reaction probability in controlled nuclear fusion, a crucial step towards energy production.
Researchers developed a device utilizing sound waves to detect helium by exploiting changes in sound velocity and resonant frequencies. The triangular Kagome structure allows for accurate detection of helium leaks, even at extremely low temperatures.
University of Queensland researchers have developed a microscopic 'ocean' on a silicon chip, allowing for the study of wave dynamics at an unprecedented scale. The device, made with superfluid helium, enables the observation of striking phenomena, including waves that lean backward and shock fronts.
A new study by SwRI scientists reveals that solar energetic particles (SEPs) can be twice as fast as the solar wind and are more effectively accelerated to higher energies due to their distinct velocity distribution. This discovery is crucial for understanding radiation hazards to astronauts.
Robert B. Hallock, a renowned physicist at UMass Amherst, has been awarded the Fritz London Memorial Prize for his pioneering work on superfluid and solid helium. He was recognized for his innovative achievements in liquid helium films and his groundbreaking discovery of giant isochoric compressibility.
A Southwest Research Institute-led team identified a rare helium isotope (³He) emitted from the Sun, with a concentration 200,000 times higher than usual. The unusual occurrence supports earlier theories suggesting weak magnetic field strength and minimal turbulence in the plasma.
A new study by researchers from the University of Tokyo reveals that helium can bond with iron under extreme conditions, contradicting previous findings. The discovery suggests there could be significant amounts of helium in the Earth's core, potentially rewriting our understanding of the planet's origins.
Scientists have found that the Pinnacles in Western Australia were formed about 100,000 years ago during a wet period, distinct from the current Mediterranean climate. The iron-rich nodules trapped helium from radioactive decay, providing a precise record of their formation.
Researchers have developed a new imaging method for neutral atomic beam microscopes that can improve image resolution without significantly increasing measurement time. The new method uses magnetic spin precession to encode the position of beam particles, which interact with the sample.
Researchers have identified a population of massive stars stripped of their hydrogen envelopes by their companions in binary systems. These hot helium stars are believed to be the origins of hydrogen-poor core-collapse supernovae and neutron star mergers, shedding new light on a long-theorized phenomenon.
Researchers have uncovered a population of 25 intermediate-mass helium stars that bridge the gap in knowledge about hydrogen-poor supernovae. These stars were found using UV photometry and optical spectroscopy, with strong spectral signatures of ionized helium confirming their composition.
Scientists at Lancaster University have discovered that superfluid helium-3 behaves like a two-dimensional system when probed with mechanical resonators. This finding has significant implications for our understanding of superfluidity and its potential applications in various fields.
Researchers used 3D simulations on Stampede2 to model the flow of HAT-P-32b's atmosphere, revealing a gigantic helium gas tail. The planet is losing significant atmospheric mass, which could help explain the mystery of intermediate-mass planets.
A research team led by Associate Professor Wataru Horiuchi and Professor Naoyuki Itagaki from Osaka Metropolitan University successfully demonstrated the existence of dineutron-dineutron clusters in helium-8 nuclei. Their findings provide new insights into the binding forms of neutrons and shed light on the origins of elements around us.
Researchers investigate Denali Fault's mantle-to-crust connections to understand seismic cycle and linkages between fluid flow, seismicity, and fault strength. Bubbling springs along the fault indicate intact connections to the mantle, suggesting a 'roadblock' may prevent future earthquakes.
The CALET team, including researchers from Waseda University, found that cosmic ray helium particles follow a Double Broken Power Law, indicating spectral hardening and softening in high-energy ranges. This deviation from expected power-law distribution suggests unique sources or mechanisms accelerating and propagating helium nuclei.
Astronomers from Stockholm University detected the first radio emission of a Type Ia supernova, providing evidence for helium-rich circumstellar material. The discovery sheds light on the origins of these explosions and their role in measuring the expansion of the Universe.
Researchers simulated all known energy states of the carbon nucleus, providing insights into the puzzling Hoyle state and its configuration. The study reveals that protons and neutrons are clustered into groups, creating spatial formations with distinct shapes and energies.
Scientists observe streams of intergalactic gas enriched with elements heavier than helium surrounding a massive galaxy. The findings suggest that the gas was recycled during earlier periods of star formation and is now fueling the galaxy's rapid growth.
The HERA team has improved the sensitivity of a radio telescope, allowing them to detect radio waves from the cosmic dawn era. The data suggests that early galaxies contained few elements besides hydrogen and helium, unlike modern galaxies.
An international team has discovered how electrons can move rapidly on a quantum surface driven by external forces, visualizing the motion of electrons on liquid helium for the first time. The research revealed unusual oscillations with varying frequencies and a combination of quantum and classical dynamics.
A new model could help locate untapped reservoirs of accessible helium, addressing the current global shortage. The research proposes factoring in nitrogen concentration to account for previously unexplained helium-rich deposits.
Research reveals hydrothermal vents as a previously undiscovered source of dissolved black carbon in the oceans, transporting it thousands of kilometers away. This discovery sheds light on the ocean's role as a carbon sink and provides insights into the formation of recalcitrant dissolved organic carbon.
Researchers used zircon U-Pb geochronology to analyze Cenozoic strata in California, developing a new age model for the Amargosa Valley Formation. In Mexico, they investigated mantellic degassing of helium in an extensional active tectonic setting.
An international team of researchers has successfully characterized the earliest galaxies in the Universe, which formed only 200 million years after the Big Bang. The study found that these early galaxies were relatively small and dim, processing less than 5% of their gas into stars.
Researchers at Indiana University and the University of Tennessee have developed a one-dimensional helium model system, which enables the creation of smaller and faster microchips. The new system is designed to explore the behavior of particles in a confined space, allowing for the study of previously unexplored physics.
A team of researchers has discovered 1.2-billion-year-old groundwater containing radiogenic helium, neon, and xenon, which could sustain subsurface microbial communities. The study reveals how energy stored in the Earth's subsurface can be released and distributed through its crust.
Researchers successfully created a two-body time-crystal system in an experiment that challenges our understanding of physics. They also found that time crystals can be used to build useful devices at room temperature, opening up new possibilities for quantum computing.
Scientists have detected an increase in atmospheric helium levels, which is attributed to the release of helium as a by-product of fossil fuel combustion and extraction. This finding has significant implications for understanding industrial activity and the potential uses of rare helium isotopes.
Researchers have discovered a strange new type of star with surfaces composed of carbon and oxygen, the by-product of helium burning. The stars' unusual composition suggests they may have formed through rare stellar mergers, but current models cannot fully explain their origins.
Researchers have discovered a way to harness hot helium ash to drive rotation in fusion reactors, reducing instabilities and turbulence. By capturing the energy of hot fusion ash via alpha channeling, plasma rotation can be stabilized, leading to improved performance and reduced operating costs.
Researchers at Graz University of Technology have demonstrated the absorption of energy from laser light by free electrons in a liquid for the first time. This breakthrough opens new doors for ultra-fast electron microscopy, crucial for investigating smallest objects at fastest time scales.
Researchers track water molecule movement using Helium Spin-Echo technique, revealing repulsion between water molecules on graphene surface is crucial for ice formation. This discovery challenges previous understanding of ice nucleation and provides new insights into controlling ice formation.
Researchers used broadband electron spin resonance spectroscopy to study the properties of spins in a triangular lattice compound. They found that magnetic moments do not arrange themselves in an up-down pattern, contradicting the existence of quantum spin liquids.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge have developed a technique to track individual atoms in real time, allowing for greater control over material growth. This breakthrough could enable more precise design and manufacture of materials with unique properties.
Researchers at UConn used ultrafast lasers to measure the interaction between helium atoms, discovering that bubbles can enhance energy transfer. This finding has significant implications for understanding how living tissues react to radiation exposure.
Researchers replaced regenerator materials with activated carbon, increasing cooling capacity and reducing temperature fluctuations. The use of superactivated carbon particles enabled the creation of a low-cost alternative to precious metals.
Researchers have proposed a new standard to measure moisture leaks into bionic devices, aiming to increase confidence in their operation. The improved moisture-testing regime could also be applied to the renewable energy industry.
Researchers at Bielefeld University have successfully imaged SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus using a helium ion microscope, allowing direct observation of the virus's interaction with host cells. The study provides valuable information on the virus's defense mechanisms and potential treatment strategies.
Researchers at PSI have measured the helium nucleus radius five times more precisely than before, allowing for better understanding of fundamental physics and natural constants. The new method uses low-energy muons to create exotic atoms, enabling precise measurements of atomic properties.
Researchers confirm a new nuclear property that predicts the formation of helium nuclei in dilute nuclear matter. The study finds that high-energy protons scatter off preformed helium nuclei in the surface of tin nuclei, revealing a decrease in formation probability with increasing neutron excess.
Researchers at Goethe University and the University of Oklahoma have successfully filmed a quantum wave in a helium dimer. The study uses an extremely powerful laser flash to twist the bond between two helium atoms, allowing them to observe and record the atom flying away as a wave.
The Borexino experiment has successfully measured neutrinos from the sun's second fusion process, the Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen cycle (CNO cycle), confirming theoretical predictions. The findings provide evidence on the metallicity of the sun and have implications for understanding the properties of stars.
A team of scientists has detected neutrinos from the sun directly revealing that the carbon-nitrogen-oxygen (CNO) fusion-cycle is at work in our sun. This detection confirms the CNO cycle as the dominant energy source powering stars heavier than the sun.
Researchers have discovered a massive globular cluster in the Andromeda Galaxy with an unusually low metallicity, challenging current theories on GC formation. The cluster's metallicity is nearly three times lower than previously known limits, suggesting that massive clusters could form from pristine gas in the early Universe.
Researchers have developed methods to calculate the QED correction of helium to the 7th power series, which are the most accurate results to date. Precision measurements of helium atoms also have a broad impact on various important studies, including determining the radius of helium nuclei and calculating polarizability.
Researchers discovered that helium ions can heal radiation-damaged monazite, a mineral that always remains moderately damaged. This unusual property has significant implications for Earth sciences research and experiments with synthetic minerals.
Scientists have discovered helium structures in the Sun's atmosphere using a NASA sounding rocket, revealing new insights into the origin and acceleration of the solar wind. The findings suggest that the abundance of helium is strongly connected to the magnetic field and speed of the solar wind in the corona.
New findings suggest mini-Neptunes may form as super-Earths with a rocky core surrounded by water in a supercritical state, challenging their previous classification as gas planets. Scientists propose that intense stellar irradiation causes a greenhouse effect, increasing the size of atmospheres and forming such planetary configurations.
Researchers observed an accreting neutron star entering an outburst phase, studying its structure and material movement. The observation revealed a 12-day process, contradicting previous theories of two- to three-day timescales.
Researchers predict novel helium-methane compound He3CH4, stable under high pressure, with unique phase transitions upon heating. The compound's van der Waals interactions facilitate efficient heat transport, affecting a planet's interior and surface temperature.
Francis Macdonald and colleagues used thermochronology to track rock movement, finding evidence that supercontinent processes drove erosion between 1,000 and 720 million years ago
Scientists have visualized single molecules moving inside a helium droplet, observing ultrafast intramolecular processes. The researchers found that superfluid helium has little influence on these processes compared to conventional solvents.
Physicists have mapped the energy levels of exotic helium atoms and discovered a 'frozen planet' state configuration where an antiproton is trapped. This study provides insights into the stability of such configurations, which may be more amenable to experimental research.
A new study has refined our understanding of the amount of hydrogen, helium, and other elements present in violent outbursts from the Sun. The research found that helium and neon are enriched in coronal mass ejections, providing clues to the underlying physics in the Sun.
Scientists have observed the ultrafast reaction of nanobubbles in helium droplets after extreme ultraviolet radiation (XUV) excitation. The findings help understand how nanoparticles interact with energetic radiation and decay, essential information for directly imaging individual nanoparticles.
Scientists successfully manipulate helium atom's electron cloud using coherent control technique and synchrotron radiation. This breakthrough enables the study of ultrafast phenomena and opens new avenues for functional materials and electronic devices development.
Calculations by Allen Mills predict the existence of stable positronium bubbles in liquid helium, which could lead to the creation of gamma-ray lasers. Such lasers have applications in medical imaging, spacecraft propulsion, and cancer treatment.
Researchers at PTB have implemented a novel pressure measurement method based on electrical measurements of helium gas, offering unique possibilities to investigate helium as an important model system for physics fundamentals. This new method has been compared with conventional mechanical and electrical pressure measurements, providing...
NICER detected a record-breaking X-ray burst from pulsar SAX J1808.4-3658, revealing a two-step change in brightness caused by the ejection of separate layers from the pulsar surface. The observations also show X-rays reflecting off of the accretion disk and burst oscillations.