Articles tagged with Legislation
A new study by Drexel University researchers found that while anti-vaccine bills increased nationwide between 2011 and 2017, pro-vaccine bills were more likely to be enacted into law. The majority of proposed legislation aimed to expand vaccine exemptions, but limited exemption laws were overwhelmingly passed.
Two studies found that fewer than 25% of California retail pharmacies dispense naloxone without a physician's prescription, and 69% of Texas chain pharmacies reported having the medication in stock. The studies aimed to assess naloxone accessibility after legislation allowed pharmacists to provide the antidote without a prescription.
A new study presented at the American Academy of Pediatrics conference found a strong correlation between state-level gun legislation and pediatric firearm mortality rates. States with stricter gun laws had significantly lower firearm-related fatalities among children, even after adjusting for poverty, unemployment, and education rates.
A systematic review of indoor tanning legislation found poor compliance with risk-reducing measures, including parental consent restrictions, protective eyewear, and warning labels. The study suggests that increased enforcement and better communication are needed to protect public health.
A recent study published in Critical Care Medicine found that Massachusetts' ICU nurse staffing regulations were not associated with improved patient outcomes. Despite modest increases in nurse staffing ratios, patient mortality and complication rates remained stable after the law's implementation.
A new analysis reveals that lobbyists spent over $2 billion on influencing climate-related legislation in the US Congress between 2000 and 2016. The electrical utilities sector and fossil fuel companies dominated climate lobbying efforts, with spending peaking at $362 million in 2009.
A new study found that Finnish forest management guidelines do not adequately protect old growth forests where flying squirrels live. The guidelines were compared to the recently amended Forest Act and resulted in an extremely low occurrence of female flying squirrels, highlighting a large gap between science and policy.
A Finnish-Canadian study found that law firms' professional ethos discourages men from taking parental leave, perpetuating gender inequality. The study suggests organisational solutions and male law firm partners' encouragement are needed to promote a more family-friendly culture.
Researchers found that 7.4% of NYC legislation between 1998 and 2017 could impact cardiovascular health, with enacted bills reducing air pollution, promoting physical activity, healthy diets, and tobacco cessation. These policies led to a 35% decline in adult smoking prevalence.
New research from the University of Portsmouth suggests that regulatory reforms in developing countries have failed to create a 'level playing field'. The study proposes stronger industry legislation to address business monopolies and reduce government interventions.
A recent survey by NORC at the University of Chicago found that Democrats and Republicans are in agreement on how Congress should operate. Americans overwhelmingly believe that lawmakers should prioritize the general public's opinions over those of wealthy donors, political party leaders, or the president. Key findings include a majori...
A recent study found that plastic pellets in marine environments have been leaking for decades, with continuous leakage leading to massive releases. Researchers calculated that 3-36 million pellets are spread every year from the Stenungsund production site.
A new study by ZSL and Utah State University argues that rewilding is a crucial approach to address global biodiversity loss. The research calls for revised legislation to facilitate the inclusion of rewilding in conservation efforts, with a focus on monitoring progress and understanding social impacts.
The 30th Annual Legislative Update reports that over 20 states have enacted laws increasing access to healthcare provided by APRNs, with full practice authority now granted in 25 states. This expansion aims to improve access to high-quality, cost-effective healthcare nationwide.
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen have developed a model to calculate the impact of synergistic chemicals on environmental damage, which can aid in EU environmental legislation. The model can predict the effects of certain synergistic antifungal agents and gain insight into how synergy arises.
A study by researchers posing as minors found that 37 percent of tanning facilities in the US were out of compliance with state laws restricting indoor tanning for minors. Most noncompliant facilities were located in rural areas, the South, or had multiple tanning regulations.
A study of gay and lesbian adopters and foster carers in England and Wales found that many professionals cling to traditional ideas of family, challenging the concept of diverse kinship systems. The research aims to re-examine familial relationships and kinship practices within adoption and fostering.
A new study analyzing national LGBT alumni survey data shows slow but consistent progress in LGBTQ student experiences on college campuses over the past 70 years. However, recent policies by President Donald Trump and anti-LGBTQ state-level proposals may be negatively impacting campus climate for LGBTQ students.
Laws designed to stop terrorism are often too vague, leading to uncertainty in charities' everyday operations. Charities may be forced to change their ways due to unclear legislation, potentially discouraging worthwhile activities.
A new study found that more than 1 in 4 European workers are exposed to secondhand smoke at work, with indoor workplaces seeing an increase in cases. The research, which surveyed over 55,000 people across the EU, highlights the need for stronger enforcement of existing smoke-free laws.
The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has announced a plan to enforce stricter ozone limits, despite opposition from the chemical industry and some environmental groups. The Clean Air Act allows EPA to review and adjust standards for ozone emissions, which have been linked to smog and respiratory illnesses.
Bystanders can make a difference in acid attacks by removing contaminated clothing and washing off acid with water. Public education and clear guidance for health professionals are also crucial to limit long-term physical and emotional effects.
A UCSB political science professor suggests that public support for renewable energy is strong in the US, with states having abundant resources at the top of the list. However, public opinion can sometimes fail to translate into state legislation, and framing context and local benefits as key factors can increase support. A study found...
The UK's departure from the EU will likely result in a loss of flexibility in implementing European criminal law. The country's previous 'pick-and-choose' approach to EU integration is set to be replaced by a more rigid framework. As a result, fundamental rights may be disproportionately affected.
A new study published in Health Communication suggests that mentioning 'repeal' or 'repeal and replace' in survey questions boosts support for the Affordable Care Act. The research analyzed hundreds of national opinion polls and found that people tend to oppose repeal, leading to increased support for the existing law.
The article discusses the challenges of copyright protection in the era of automated art, particularly with the rise of Deep Neural Networks. While DNN creations can generate original works, the issue of attribution and originality remains complex due to varying national laws and human inputs.
Research by Santa Fe Institute Omidyar Fellow Marion Dumas shows that citizen lawsuits can re-shape how policies are implemented on the ground, forging a more just and representative middle ground. This process weakens polarized lawmakers' bargaining positions, leading to legislative moves towards a middle ground.
A new study by Dartmouth College researchers finds that bipartisan coalitions are more likely to form in Congress when it becomes more polarized, enabling lawmakers to override presidential vetoes. This occurs as party leaders gain control over procedures and presidents use veto power strategically.
The Healthcare Safety Investigation Branch (HSIB) will investigate serious risks to patient safety across the healthcare system, publicly reporting findings and issuing recommendations for improvement. The HSIB's independence is crucial to build an authoritative system-wide view of safety issues.
A new study published in Nicotine & Tobacco Research reveals that comprehensive smoking bans significantly decrease overall secondhand smoke exposure across all settings. Exposure to secondhand smoke was found to drop from 72% in 2006 to 45% in 2011, even outside workplaces and hospitality areas covered by the legislation.
Dr Geoff Debelle, a child protection expert, expresses concerns about the impact of the Children and Social Work Bill on vulnerable children in the UK. He argues that the clause introducing local authorities' powers could lead to inconsistent practices and erode trust with these children.
A new study found that the Affordable Care Act (ACA) improved health care access and utilization among Latinos, but persistent disparities persist. The study suggests expanding the law to undocumented immigrants could help combat these disparities.
The Vote Leave campaign used the NHS logo in their advertising, despite being warned by the Department of Health not to do so. The NHS logo is a registered trademark and was found to be misleadingly associated with funding for healthcare services.
A new study published in Drug and Alcohol Dependence found that releasing youth from drinking-age restrictions is associated with a 7.6% increase in commission of any crime among males and a 10.4% increase among females. Violent crimes increased by 7.4% for males and 14.9% for females, while nuisance crimes also saw significant rises.
Journalists face increasing threats globally, with physical violence, kidnapping, and murder being used to suppress news. Citizen journalists in Syria are under immense pressure to continue reporting despite the risks.
A study by Rice University researchers found that 'anti-evolution' education legislation is often introduced to mollify religious constituents, rather than expected success. The study analyzed data from 26 states and found that only 25% of anti-evolution bills made it through state education committees.
The report found that 60% of people with autism who received services from Vocational Rehabilitation left the program with jobs, but the median weekly earnings were low, with part-time workers earning $160/week and full-time workers earning $380/week. State variations in employment rates and wages were also noted.
A new study found that dense breast notifications are often poorly readable and understandable, creating uncertainty for women making decisions about supplemental screening. The study suggests that efforts should focus on enhancing the readability of these notifications to inform women accurately about their breast density status.
A study found that despite data breaches, most people remain satisfied with companies' responses and few take their business elsewhere. However, ethnic minorities and those who experienced extreme inconvenience reported lower satisfaction rates and higher costs.
Experts predict a rise in alcohol-related deaths in England due to income growth outpacing tax increases, but Scotland's minimum unit pricing law may lead to a decrease. In contrast, Ireland, Northern Ireland, and Wales are likely to follow Scotland's lead, resulting in lower death rates.
A new study found that young drivers experience significant increases in alcohol-impaired driving offenses after reaching the legal drinking age. The research suggests that raising the drinking age could reduce such incidents and improve public health.
A new study from NIMBioS sheds light on strategies used by creationists to influence evolution teaching in public schools. Antievolution bills show evidence of 'descent with modification,' copying recent legislation, and often tie back to creationism through statements or sponsors.
A comprehensive study of 25 US states found that compliance with antibullying laws reduces rates of bullying and cyberbullying by 24% and 20% respectively. The study identified three critical components of successful anti-bullying state laws: school intervention, clear definitions, and local policies.
A study published by JAMA Pediatrics found that students in states with antibullying laws including at least one U.S. Department of Education-recommended legislative component had lower odds of reporting bullying and cyberbullying compared to those in states without such provisions.
A Duke University study found that assigning public schools failing grades leads to increased turnout among affluent voters, but has little impact on low-income families. The research suggests that providing citizens with information about school performance does not necessarily address imbalances in civic engagement.
A new study using digital imaging found that students are putting more fruits and vegetables on their trays but consuming fewer and increasing waste by 56 percent. Researchers suggest supplementing guidelines with strategies such as cutting up veggies with dip or adopting Farm-to-School programs to increase consumption.
The Assisted Dying Bill aims to provide protection for terminally ill and mentally competent adults through judicial consent, but experts disagree on its safeguards. Jacky Davis argues that the bill will result in fewer suffering deaths, while Baroness Ilora Finlay warns of potential vulnerabilities among certain groups.
A study by researchers at the University of Edinburgh found that smoking bans led to a 8% drop in stillbirths and newborn deaths in England, resulting in 1500 avoided deaths. The ban also reduced low birth weight cases by over 5000.
Research found that individual state stroke legislation plays a crucial role in certifying primary stroke centers and increasing the availability of prompt stroke care. State action, including implementing policies for emergency medical services, has led to a significant increase in certified hospitals nationwide.
Two doctors criticize Australia's Border Force Act 2015 for silencing healthcare professionals who report substandard medical care in detention centres. The law can lead to imprisonment for whistleblowers, violating their professional duty and international humanitarian obligations.
A new study found that smoke-free legislation in England leads to a significant reduction in hospital admissions for respiratory tract infections among children. The introduction of legislation resulted in an immediate decrease of 13.8% in lower respiratory tract infection admissions, while upper respiratory tract infections also saw a...
Current EU legislation will lead to significant improvements in particulate matter pollution, but many areas of Europe will still exceed limits. The study identifies Eastern Europe, Southern Poland, and major cities as hotspots that require targeted emission controls.
A University of Michigan study found a 92% increase in children seeking medical assistance for concussions in states with concussion laws. The legislation, combined with heightened public awareness, has led to significant increases in concussion treatment rates among school-age athletes.
A study published in JAMA Pediatrics found that state concussion legislation is associated with a significant increase in healthcare utilization for children with concussions. Between 2008-2009 and 2011-2012, states with legislation saw a 92% rise in concussion-related healthcare usage, compared to a 75% increase in states without laws.
Lumina Decision Systems' Analytica software helped stakeholders reach near consensus on a 'rigs to reefs' policy option, reducing costs and preserving marine ecosystems. The tool was successful in distilling rhetoric to meaningful discussion of tradeoffs and values.
A study by University of Northern British Columbia researchers found that drivers just older than the legal drinking age had a significant increase in motor vehicle crashes compared to those immediately under the restriction. Raising the drinking age to 19 years could prevent up to 583 police-reported collisions per year.
A study by Jonathan Purtle found that federal legislation addressing PTSD has predominantly focused on military personnel, with over 90% of mentions targeting military personnel or combat exposure. However, PTSD affects a significantly larger civilian population due to its prevalence in non-military traumatic events.
The number of green turtles nesting at Ascension Island has increased by over 500% since the 1970s, with an estimated 24,000 nests laid every year. The Island's main beaches have been protected through new legislation, which also creates seven new nature reserves and wildlife sanctuaries.
A recent study suggests that dog bites pose an unknown public health risk, while ignoring the health benefits of dog ownership. Research is needed to improve care and estimate dog bite incidence to develop effective risk management strategies.
The BMJ editorial advocates for the Assisted Dying Bill, citing a strong public consensus of 82% in favor, as well as Oregon's experience with assisted dying legislation. The bill aims to allow terminally ill adults to end their lives with medical assistance.