Articles tagged with Public Policy
Research reveals juries are often less diverse than surrounding communities due to underrepresentation in key groups. This can lead to a loss of confidence in the fairness and legitimacy of the legal system. In contrast, diverse juries tend to have more thorough decision-making processes.
A meta-analysis of 103 studies found that people tend to overestimate their knowledge, especially in health and social policy. However, subjective knowledge is more closely aligned with objective knowledge for fun products compared to practical ones.
The WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health advocates for a new global agenda to address health inequities. The report calls for action-oriented policy responses, including improving daily life conditions and addressing power and money distributions.
Numerical earthquake models are providing a means to understand physical processes and predict earthquakes, reducing damage and loss of life. Simulations show that surface-rupturing earthquakes absorb more seismic energy than buried ones, resulting in less ground shaking.
Harding Middle School of Cedar Rapids, Iowa, won the IEEE-USA Best Communications System Award for its innovative 'xMax' technology, providing fast and non-line of sight connectivity. The students also developed a comprehensive 'Smart Home Programming' system to control their city's infrastructure.
A RAND Corporation study found that deportable immigrants released from the Los Angeles County jail system had a similar recidivism rate as non-deportable immigrants, with 43% being rearrested within a year compared to 35%. The study controlled for factors such as age and criminal history.
A study by Haipeng Chen and Akshay R. Rao found that 59% of students miscalculated the discount when presented with a base price of $100 and a 20% plus 25% off deal, while those incentivized or presented with easier problems were less prone to errors.
A study by U of M researchers found that people often treat percentages as whole numbers, leading to systematic errors in calculation. This results in consumers misjudging discounts and making costly mistakes.
The 2006 Canadian clinical practice guidelines on managing and preventing obesity in adults and children provide a multifaceted approach to weight management. Key findings include the importance of physical activity strategies, behavior modification counseling, and public policy initiatives.
A recent study found that American adults have a limited understanding of scientific principles, with only 28% qualifying as scientifically literate. This is attributed to various factors, including the lack of general science courses in high schools and the reliance on informal science education resources.
A recent study from Georgetown University reveals that the number of new high-tech visas required by the US economy over the next decade is significantly higher than initially assumed. The report suggests that Congress may be authorizing too many visas, with 630,000 left over after filling all available positions.
A study by L.J. Shrum and colleagues found that individuals who watch more TV are more likely to adopt materialistic values, suggesting a 'cultivation effect' of television on American culture. The authors argue that TV influences viewers to incorporate affluent values into their personal structures.
A recent study published in The Gerontologist challenges the notion that Americans are moving further apart from their families. Short-distance mobility rates have decreased significantly over the last 50 years, while long-distance moves have shown less decline or remained relatively unchanged.
Dr. Steven Levy has received the 2004 Dean Award for his distinguished contributions to epidemiology and public health research. The award recognizes his meritorious work in these fields, as judged by the International Association for Dental, Oral, and Craniofacial Research.
The Gerontological Society of America awards the 2003 Lawton Award to Dr. Gurland, recognizing his outstanding contributions to applied gerontological research and service in dementia, depression, and disability care. He is a prominent researcher and director of programs at Columbia University.
Researchers found that living in a female-headed family at age 14, having low self-esteem, and poor verbal/math skills predicted depressive symptoms in young adulthood. The study also highlighted the need to disentangle women's marital status from their age at first birth.
The report highlights the need for a universal paid leave policy and flexible scheduling to support working families. Employers and governments are urged to adopt holistic approaches to work-life integration, including joint planning and community initiatives.
The current US drug policy is generating an epidemic of adverse health outcomes that disproportionately affect African Americans. Despite declines in drug use, cocaine-related and heroin-related emergency department visits and overdose deaths have climbed sharply.