Research on dementia and cognitive decline. Covers Alzheimer's screening, brain injury recovery, attention training, and gaps in diagnosis and care.
Researchers investigated the association between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) polymorphisms and cognitive change in late-onset Alzheimer's disease dementia. They found that ACE inhibitors slowed cognitive decline independently of blood pressure variations, particularly for APOE4- carriers with specific ACE genotypes. No function...
A new study by UCSF researchers has identified two previously unrecognized genetic risks associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia. The findings suggest that these diseases share genetic similarities, but differ in their impact on brain function.
A large study found that controlling blood pressure with antihypertensive medications can significantly reduce the risk of dementia in older African-American men and women. The research suggests that good blood pressure control at any age is crucial for preventing cognitive decline.
Researchers at McGovern Medical School are studying how protein deposits in the brain can trigger dementia and stroke. Akihiko Urayama's team is examining the brain's clearance system, while Louise McCullough's team is investigating the gut-brain connection.
Researchers have identified genetic links between ALS and frontotemporal dementia, suggesting that treatments for one may also work for the other. The study found common genetic variations associated with both disorders, including those near the MAPT gene and BNIP1.
Long-term use of antiepileptic drugs is associated with a higher risk of developing Alzheimer's disease and dementia. Cognitive-impairing antiepileptic drugs increase the risk by 20% for Alzheimer's and 60% for dementia, with dose dependence observed.
A University of Delaware researcher is studying a naturally occurring dietary supplement, nicotinamide riboside (NR), to boost nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels and potentially treat age-related cardiovascular dysfunction. The study aims to improve physiological function in humans by reversing age-related declines in NAD+.
A new University of Bristol study reveals that two types of nicotinic receptors play distinct roles in long-term memory retrieval and encoding. The study suggests that drugs targeting individual nicotinic receptors could lead to more effective therapies for dementia.
Research identifies poor attention and decision-making skills as linked to walking slowly and experiencing falls in older adults with dementia. Certain brain training methods may help improve mobility and prevent falls by addressing cognitive function issues.
A recent study published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society found that older adults with slower walking speeds may be at increased risk for developing dementia. The research examined data from nearly 4,000 participants and discovered a strong link between slower walking speed and higher risk of dementia.
A recent study found that neglectful behaviors are widespread among English care home staff, despite efforts to provide person-centered care. The survey of 1,544 staff revealed that many witnessed residents being left waiting for care or having insufficient time for food.
David A. Bennett's work in memory loss research has led to significant advancements in treating and preventing Alzheimer's disease and related disorders. The study's findings are shared globally to develop therapy and identify resilience characteristics.
Researchers identified five essential themes for consistent and supported care transitions, including preparing individuals with dementia and their caregivers, evaluating preferences and goals, and creating inter-professional collaborative team environments. The findings suggest that person-centered care is crucial for achieving outcom...
Salk Institute scientists have developed a CRISPR-based tool called CasRx that targets RNA to correct protein imbalances in cells from dementia patients. The tool showed 80% effectiveness in rebalancing tau protein levels, opening up new avenues for treating RNA and protein-related diseases.
Women with high physical fitness at middle age were nearly 90% less likely to develop dementia decades later. The study found that highly fit women developed dementia an average of 11 years later than moderately fit women.
A global study of DNA samples from 520,000 individuals identified 22 new genetic risk factors for stroke, according to researchers. The findings are significant as they will increase potential targets for stroke drug development and provide valuable insights into dementia research.
A recent study using CRISPR-Cas9 technology identified new genes that may hasten neuron death in ALS and FTD patients. The researchers found that genes controlling cell movement and protein assembly were potential partners in DPR toxicity, suggesting novel therapies for ALS.
Researchers discover FUS plays a crucial role in the microRNA-mediated gene silencing system, which regulates cellular activity. Disruption of this system may contribute to neurodegenerative diseases like ALS and FTD. The study suggests that FUS facilitates guiding and targeting of messenger-RNAs by microRNAs.
Four neuroscientists, including Christian Haass, receive the Brain Prize for their work on the genetic and molecular bases of Alzheimer's disease. Their research has revolutionised understanding of the changes in the brain that lead to Alzheimer's, with potential implications for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.
Researchers studied angiogenin's entry into central nervous system cells to better understand its role in brain diseases like ALS and dementia. The study found that angiogenin uptake has multiple biochemical pathways, revealing a more intricate mechanism than initially thought.
A new study from UT Southwestern Medical Center found a correlation between traumatic brain injury and early-onset Alzheimer's disease. People who sustained concussions were diagnosed with dementia on average 2 1/2 years earlier than those without TBI.
Researchers found that older adults with dementia are at increased risk for serious problems like falls and delirium during hospital stays. The study suggests that special discharge planning for people with dementia is crucial in reducing readmission rates.
A new study shows that a creative couples' intervention significantly improves communication in people with Alzheimer's and their caregivers. The 10-week program increased facilitative communication in caregivers and sociable communication in care receivers, leading to better understanding, intimacy, and reduced conflict.
Research reveals that individuals with Alzheimer's disease who die from the condition itself tend to have less hospitalization and ICU stays compared to those who die from other causes. This contrasts with those who receive fewer palliative care services during their final months.
A nationwide observational study of over one million adults with dementia found that alcohol use disorders are the most important preventable risk factors for dementia. Chronic heavy drinking was linked to 57% of early-onset dementia cases, highlighting the need for screening and treatment interventions.
A new study reveals a significant increase in dementia risk among adults born with congenital heart disease, with a 60% increased risk compared to the general population. The risk was even higher for those under 65 years old, with a 160% increase.
A new e-Health platform has been developed to support healthy aging and prevent cardiovascular disease and dementia in the elderly. The HATICE trial involves over 2,500 participants aged 65 or older and aims to reduce risk factors through lifestyle changes and interactive guidance.
A new study published in Neurology suggests that individuals who do not recognize their own memory problems are nearly threefold more likely to develop dementia within two years. This lack of awareness is associated with impaired brain metabolic function and higher rates of amyloid deposition, a protein linked to Alzheimer's disease.
Pimavanserin has been found to effectively reduce psychosis symptoms in people with Alzheimer's disease without the damaging effects of other antipsychotics. The research, published in Lancet Neurology, shows a significant improvement in psychotic symptoms without sedation or falls, which are common side-effects of current treatments.
Researchers found that people born with heart defects in Denmark had a 60% higher risk of dementia compared to the general population, with those diagnosed before age 65 facing an even greater risk. The study's findings suggest that continued monitoring and management may be necessary for individuals born with congenital heart defects.
Researchers developed a rapid test to diagnose Parkinson's and dementia with Lewy bodies using cerebral spinal fluid samples. The test showed high accuracy in detecting these diseases within two days, outperforming related assays.
A new study led by Yale University found that positive beliefs about old age can significantly reduce the risk of developing dementia. Among APOE ε4 carriers, who are at high risk of dementia, those with positive attitudes had a nearly 50% lower risk of developing the disease.
A study found that older adults with positive beliefs about aging have a lower risk of developing dementia compared to those with negative views. The protective effect was even observed among individuals carrying the high-risk APOE E4 gene variant.
A large-scale trial found that upskilling care home staff to deliver person-centred care, combined with just one hour of social interaction per week, significantly improves quality of life and reduces agitation and aggression in people with dementia. The approach also saves money compared to standard care.
Researchers discovered that a mutation in the C9ORF72 gene causes toxicity in nerve cells, leading to ALS and FTD. By reprogramming blood cells into motor nerve cells, they found that adding supplemental protein could stop degeneration, highlighting potential new drug targets.
USC researchers found that nearly 50% of dementias begin with damaged gatekeeper cells, leading to small vessel disease and white matter disease. Controlling fibrinogen levels may reverse or slow white matter disease in a mouse model.
A new study highlights the need for more structured educational programmes and information on disease progression to prepare informal carers. The research found that existing health and social care services are often fragmented, leading to communication challenges between healthcare professionals and caregivers.
Researchers from the University of Tokyo have discovered a molecule called progranulin that plays a crucial role in strengthening and eliminating synapses in the brain. This process is essential for developing neural circuits, but genetic or environmental mutations can disrupt it, leading to disorders such as autism and dementia.
A new study published in Neurology found that in-person license renewal laws and vision testing significantly reduce crashes involving drivers with dementia. Hospitalized drivers aged 60-69 were 37% less likely to have dementia in states with in-person renewal laws.
A nationwide Swedish study found that traumatic brain injuries (TBI) significantly increase the risk of dementia diagnosis for over 30 years following the injury. The risk decreases over time but remains significant, with severe TBI or multiple TBIs increasing the risk even more.
Researchers at Rush University Medical Center developed the MIND diet to promote brain health, which has been associated with reduced Alzheimer's risk and slower cognitive decline. Study results show that stroke survivors who adhered to the diet had substantially slower rate of cognitive decline compared to those who didn't.
Researchers found that adding zonisamide to levodopa improved movement symptoms in people with dementia with Lewy bodies without worsening psychiatric symptoms. The study, published in Neurology, suggests a potential new treatment option for this debilitating condition.
The Harry T. Mangurian Jr. Foundation has donated $20 million to Mayo Clinic to name a new medical building for cancer and neurologic care. The building will double the size of existing departments and support increased staff and research.
A recent study published in Scientific Reports challenges the scientific consensus on Alzheimer's disease, suggesting that neuronal loss is relatively limited. The research found minor declines in synaptic markers in patients' prefrontal cortices, which had little impact on cognitive skills.
A high-salt diet reduces resting blood flow to the brain and causes dementia in mice, according to a new study. The study found that mice fed a high-salt diet developed dementia even when blood pressure did not rise, suggesting a direct link between salt intake and cognitive impairment.
A cellular traffic jam affects neurons in most ALS forms, with TDP-43 causing transport defects and disrupting protein import. A drug, KPT-335, may compensate for these disruptions, showing promise for treatment.
Experts warn that the World Health Organization's new plan fails to address the growing burden of disease and healthcare needs among older populations. Despite making up over 12% of the world's population, older people are overlooked in the draft General Programme of Work.
People with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may experience improved memory and thinking ability with regular exercise, according to the American Academy of Neurology. The guideline recommends that doctors recommend exercise as part of an overall approach to managing symptoms.
Scientists have discovered that blueberry vinegar can restore cognitive function in mice with induced amnesia by reducing the breakdown of acetylcholine and boosting brain-derived neurotrophic factor. The treatment improved short-term memory performance in maze tests and avoidance tests.
A study published in Neurology found that eating at least one serving of green, leafy vegetables a day was linked to a slower rate of decline on tests of memory and thinking skills. The difference was equivalent to being 11 years younger in age.
A comprehensive review of published research found no proven intervention for preventing late-life dementia. Physical activity, prescription medications, cognitive training, and over-the-counter supplements were tested, but none showed significant effectiveness.
Two new studies will investigate evidence-based decision aids for Alzheimer's disease care and a comprehensive collaborative care program for veterans with TBI or AD and their caregivers. The programs aim to improve quality of life, reduce burden and depression among caregivers.
A large-scale genetic study has clarified the distinctive genetic signature of Dementia with Lewy bodies, a common type of dementia. The research found that DLB accounts for 10-15% of dementia cases, but its genetic profile is unique compared to Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.
A new study finds that rural seniors are more likely to experience dementia and cognitive impairment than their urban counterparts, with the disparity narrowing over time. Improved education levels have helped mitigate this issue in rural communities.
Researchers identify build-up of urea in brain as major cause of dementia, with potential for early diagnosis and treatment. The study suggests that high brain urea levels may be a pivotal role in all types of age-related dementias.
A new UCLA study estimates that 47 million Americans already show signs of susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease and this number is expected to double by 2060. By then, about 5.7 million will have mild cognitive impairment and 9.3 million will have dementia due to Alzheimer's.
A study by Lancaster University found that people with Huntington's Disease welcome discussing assisted death but feel restricted from doing so. The participants feared prolonged suffering and believed they should have the right to make decisions about their own deaths.
A new tool, QuoCo, tracks cognitive performance in adults, allowing physicians to identify potential Alzheimer's patients. The tool uses age, education, and Mini-Mental State Examination scores to plot cognitive performance over time.
A global longitudinal study confirmed that people with high body mass index (BMI) are more likely to develop dementia than those with normal weight. The study analyzed data from over 1.3 million adults in the US and Europe, finding that individuals near dementia onset tend to have lower body weight.
A home-based activity program called Tailored Activity Program (TAP) was found to significantly reduce dementia-related behaviors in veterans, as well as decrease caregiver distress. After four months, nearly 70% of TAP group participants eliminated or reduced their behavioral symptoms compared to 46% in the control group.