Articles tagged with Violence
A randomized clinical trial found that screening women for partner violence and providing a resource list did not reduce hospitalizations or emergency department visits. The study also did not find improvements in quality of life or the recurrence of partner violence after one year.
Despite decreases in homicide and assault rates, the US experiences over 16,000 homicides and 1.6 million nonfatal assaults annually; effective prevention strategies include parent and family-focused programs and early childhood education.
A brief motivational intervention at an emergency department did not improve outcomes for women involved in abusive relationships and heavy drinking. The study found no significant differences between the intervention group and the control group on weekly assessments for experiencing IPV or heavy drinking.
A meta-analysis of 53 studies involving nearly 8,500 people found that programs featuring violence and sex don't improve advertising effectiveness, while some nuances were discovered, such as improved ad recall when the content matches the media.
A new study by the American Psychological Association found that violent and sexual media content may decrease advertising effectiveness and deter purchasing. The research suggests that ads with G-rated content might be more effective than those with violent or sexual themes.
According to a new study, over 40% of children and youth experienced multiple instances of violence, crime, or abuse in the past year. Girls aged 14-17 were particularly vulnerable to sexual assault, with 16.4% experiencing a sex offense.
A national study found that over half of substance abuse counselors personally experienced workplace violence, leading to concerns for personal safety, impaired job performance, and decreased quality of care. Organizations responded with increased training and security measures.
A new programme, Good School Toolkit, has successfully reduced physical violence from teachers against school children by 42% in Ugandan primary schools. The initiative aims to foster change in operational culture at the school level, leading to improved feelings of well-being and safety among students.
A short educational program in Kenya produced lasting improvements in male attitudes towards women, with participants showing more positive views and less agreement with rape myths. The program also encouraged males to intervene in cases of violence against women.
A study published in the American Journal of Community Psychology found that individuals with social support were less likely to experience emotional or verbal abuse. However, those living in neighborhoods with social and economic issues were more prone to physical violence, highlighting the need for co-ordinated services.
A study by the Crime Victims' Institute found that Texas has a shortage of beds for survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV) and that many face barriers to accessing services, including language and financial issues. The survey also highlighted the need for more support services, particularly for underserved populations.
National thought leaders convene at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health to identify gaps in understanding prevention of sexual violence on college campuses. The SHIFT study aims to address social and structural factors that contribute to vulnerability, engaging students, faculty, and administrators.
The article examines the link between mass murder and mental illness among perpetrators, who are predominantly men. Dr. Michael Stone discusses how a paranoid personality disorder contributes to this phenomenon and highlights the role of semiautomatic weapons in increasing random mass shootings in the US.
A new clinical model proposes addressing trauma to improve patient health outcomes, with four components: environment, screening, response, and foundation. The model aims to create a trauma-informed environment that promotes safety, reliability, trust, and empathy.
A Yale University study found that increasing public toilet availability can decrease the risk of sexual violence by nearly 30%. The study, published in PLOS ONE, also estimates a significant reduction in social costs to society. Implementing more toilets could save $40 million annually in South African townships.
A trio of studies found that bullying, whether face-to-face or electronic, significantly increases the risk of depression, suicidal thoughts, and carrying weapons to school. Victimized teens are more likely to carry weapons to school and skip classes.
Researchers found that males living in Philadelphia with supportive adult connections were significantly less likely to report involvement or witnessing violence. Supportive relationships with parents and other adults were common among youths, with nearly 70% saying they had at least one supportive adult in their life.
A new Northwestern University study of delinquent youth reveals that mental disorders do not predict future violent behavior, except for substance use disorders. Providing comprehensive treatment to individuals with psychiatric illness may reduce violence, according to the research.
The study found a 18% decline in recorded acts of violence against children and adolescents. Serious violence affecting all age groups decreased by 10% in 2014 compared to 2013.
A recent study found that disabled girls and women are at risk of abuse by carers and intimate partners due to their physical and social isolation. The research highlights the need for specialist support services and organizations to help these vulnerable individuals.
A recent study has identified distinct patient profiles in terms of associated violence and/or criminal acts, influencing treatment development. The findings reveal significant differences in sociodemographic, consumption, and psychopathological variables between patients with and without these issues.
The Midwest Political Science Association (MPSA) will recognize and reward outstanding research projects presented at its annual conference. This year, fourteen papers have been selected for prestigious awards across various categories, including the AJPS Best Article Award and the Kellogg/Notre Dame Award.
A new study led by Monash researcher Dr Pascal Molenberghs found that brain activity in the lateral orbitofrontal cortex increases with guilt when participants imagine unjustified violence, but not when imagining justified violence. The research provides insights into how people justify extreme violence in certain situations, such as war.
A recent survey of US high school students found that 1 in 5 female and 1 in 10 male students have experienced teen dating violence. The study suggests that prevention efforts may be more effective if they include content for both sexes.
Research suggests that those who experienced violence during the Guatemala Civil War are four times more likely to suffer from PTSD and alcohol-related disorders. The study, led by Victor D. Puac-Polanco and Charles C. Branas, found significant mental health problems among Guatemalans who witnessed or experienced violent events.
Rhode Island Hospital and Day One will evaluate the effectiveness of classroom-based prevention programs for male high school students, using approaches such as social norms theory and bystander intervention tactics. The study aims to determine whether these programs can reduce rates of assault.
A large survey of trafficking survivors found high rates of physical and psychological abuse, mental health problems, and hazardous living conditions. The study highlights the urgent need for access to healthcare and mental health support for survivors of human trafficking.
A study of over 4,500 children in England found that more than four in ten teenage schoolgirls have experienced sexual coercion, with many reporting pressure to have sex and physical attacks from their boyfriends. The research also highlighted a high proportion of boys who regularly view pornography and harbor negative attitudes toward...
Research by University of Illinois economist Ben Crost found that aid to villages in the Philippines increased violence. The villages that qualified for aid saw a significant increase in violence, while those that didn't participate experienced less violence. This suggests that aid can inadvertently make communities vulnerable to attacks.
Researchers at Drexel University found that hospital-based violence intervention programs can prevent violent reinjury and perpetration, reduce aggressive behaviors, and improve employment and education outcomes. These programs are estimated to save tens of thousands to $4 million in costs over five years.
A study of over 1,000 Spanish teenagers reveals that 83% have fallen victim to at least one form of violence during their lives, with cyber-bullying affecting 12.6%. The research highlights the need for prevention and support for children who experience multiple forms of violence.
A new study found that teen girls who practiced saying 'no' to unwanted advances in a virtual environment reported less sexual victimization. The effects persisted over three months, with those who previously experienced dating violence showing lower levels of psychological aggression and distress.
A survey of 348 psychiatric hospital workers found that 99% experienced verbal conflict with patients, while 70% reported being assaulted in the previous year. The study highlights the need for improved strategies to address conflicts and assaults in these settings.
Researchers suggest that overvalued ideas, often driven by psychopathology, motivate young male offenders to engage in senseless violence. The study, published in Violence and Gender, sheds light on the 'motivating mindset' of attackers like Zehaf-Bibeau, who killed a Canadian military reservist.
Researchers identified four promising approaches to prevent intimate partner violence and sexual violence among adolescents, including school-based interventions, psychological support interventions, community-based interventions, and parenting interventions. These strategies show promise in preventing violence in high-income countries...
Researchers explore how callous attitudes towards women can lead to forced intercourse, even among males without hostility. The study's findings have significant implications for education programs and identifying subtypes of offenders based on motivation and personality traits.
A Harvard study found that members of an East African herding tribe who engaged in violent raids had more wives and thus more opportunities to increase their reproductive success. The study, which analyzed the data of 120 men, found a clear correlation between raid participation and higher reproductive capacity.
A new study found that daily fluctuations in cortisol levels are disrupted in women who experience physical violence from male partners. The researchers also found a correlation between violence and cortisol levels in women, suggesting that the HPA-axis regulatory system may be adversely influenced by violence.
A review article examines the growth of ISIS, its membership, and the organization's use of violence as a 'brand'. The authors, former FBI Agents, discuss tactics such as recruitment of young men and women, propaganda, and counter-strategies.
A study analyzed 45 top-grossing children's cartoons and found that key characters were twice as likely to die as counterparts in adult films. Grisly deaths, such as shootings and stabbings, were common in these cartoons.
A new study published in the Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs suggests that laws limiting alcohol outlet density can reduce rates of intimate partner violence. Communities with fewer alcohol outlets tend to have lower rates of partner abuse, according to researchers.
Carola Lentz's book 'Land, Mobility, and Belonging in the West African Savanna' analyzes narratives and rituals used by Dagara immigrants to legitimize property claims. The research highlights the importance of controversies over land ownership and its impact on immigrant settlers' legitimacy.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University found that witnessing parental violence can trigger negative behaviors in children, with girls internalizing the trauma and boys acting out aggressively. The study highlights the importance of early interventions to help children develop emotionally and interact socially.
Research examines programs aimed at reducing gender-based violence worldwide and finds community-based initiatives with men and women's involvement are the most effective in preventing violence. The study also highlights the importance of a two-pronged approach to address both prevention and response to reduce pandemic levels of violence.
The Lancet highlights that current efforts to prevent violence against women and girls are inadequate, with 1 in 3 women experiencing physical or sexual violence. The series urges policy makers, health practitioners, and donors to take five key actions to address the crisis.
Researchers found better health outcomes in Nigerian city of Ibadan compared to Baltimore and Johannesburg, where teens reported high rates of mental health problems, substance use, and violence. In contrast, New Delhi teens reported little depression and cigarette smoking.
A new study published in Current Biology by Feldblum et al. has found that male chimpanzee aggression towards females is an adaptive strategy, increasing mating frequency and paternal likelihood for high-ranking males. Genetic analysis of fecal material reveals long-term sexual coercion as a key factor in paternity.
A two-year study of urban teens and young adults shows that those with PTSD or drug use are more likely to suffer additional violent injuries, highlighting the need for targeted interventions. The study suggests that addressing substance use and PTSD in the first six months after injury may help prevent recidivism.
A new study by University of Utah anthropologist Shane Macfarlan challenges the idea that humans naturally fight like chimpanzees. Instead, Yanomamö men form long-term alliances with other villages through marriage and cooperation, which leads to increased social status and benefits.
A recent ISU study found that exposure to violence, lower IQ, and psychopathic tendencies are significant risk factors for youth offenders charged with murder. The study analyzed over 1,300 serious youth offenders and identified five key risk factors that distinguish homicide youth offenders from non-homicide offenders.
A study by University of New Hampshire researchers found that 14% of school-age children were physically assaulted at school, while 48% experienced some form of victimization. The survey revealed high rates of intimidation and bullying, emphasizing the need for effective violence prevention programs.
Researchers found that only five factors can distinguish individuals who commit homicide from those who don't, including lower IQs and higher exposure to violence. The study aims to dispel myths about homicide perpetrators being psychopaths or drug addicts with severe mental illness.
A study published in Violence and Gender explores the link between past sexual violence and distress during routine pelvic examinations. Researchers identified physiologic symptoms of trauma associated with distress among female veterans with a history of sexual violence.
A new study from the University at Buffalo Research Institute on Addictions suggests that reducing substance abuse has a greater influence on reducing violent acts by patients with severe mental illness. The study found that treating substance abuse was more effective in decreasing aggression than improving psychiatric symptoms.
New research suggests that chimpanzee violence is driven by adaptive fitness benefits rather than human impacts. A majority of violent attackers and victims are male chimpanzees.
The article emphasizes the need for improved access to female-controlled contraceptive methods to counteract reproductive health risks caused by intimate partner violence. Clinicians can help women and girls regain control over their reproductive health through availability of effective contraceptives.
A web-based training program, RealConsent, was found to reduce sexually violent behavior and increase the likelihood of male students intervening to prevent sexual assault. The study involved over 700 male undergraduate students, who showed improved behavior after completing the training.
Physical neglect during childhood is a stronger predictor of male adolescent violence than physical abuse, according to Penn State researchers. The study suggests that understanding neglect's role in influencing violent behavior can lead to better education and care for at-risk youths.
Frequent exposure to traumatic images by news organizations' UGC content processing staff increases anxiety, depression, PTSD, and alcohol consumption among journalists. A study shows that reducing image frequency may be a way for news organizations to offset these risks.
Archaeologists at WSU document a bloody period of violence (1140-1180) in central Mesa Verde, Colorado, in contrast to nearby northern Rio Grande region. The study highlights factors like specialization and social structures that may have contributed to the differences in levels of violence.