Researchers used machine learning algorithms to analyze satellite data, combining public and private sources to predict lava flow patterns. The study's findings can aid in early warning systems for volcanic eruptions, providing critical information for safety and analysis.
The study found that Methana volcano's magma chambers held steady amounts of magma for over 100,000 years, with intense activity peaking during zircon growth. This challenges the assumption that a prolonged period of volcanic silence means a volcano is extinct.
A Swiss-Italian team has discovered a vast magma reservoir containing approximately 6,000 km³ beneath Tuscany, which poses no threat to the region. The study uses ambient noise tomography to locate resources such as geothermal reservoirs, lithium, and rare earth elements.
Madison Myers, an associate professor at Montana State University, has been recognized by the Geological Society of America for her contributions to volcanic field-based work. Her research focuses on monitoring Yellowstone's volcano, with a particular emphasis on effective communication of science to the public.
Researchers from Perugia University explore how machine learning can aid in earlier hazard detection and improved risk communication. However, they caution that ML tools must be used responsibly and transparently to ensure accurate predictions and avoid potential pitfalls.
Researchers used AI to identify four times more earthquakes than earlier tools and pinpoint previously unknown faults in the region. The study expands seismicity recorded by monitoring stations from 2022 to 2025, revealing two faults converging under the town of Pozzuoli west of Naples.
A team from UNIGE and INGV created a high-resolution 3D image of Vulcano's internal structure using seismic ambient noise tomography and AI. This breakthrough understanding of volcanic structures may lead to more accurate predictions and evacuation plans.
Researchers analyzed crystals in volcanic rocks to show that South Sister was historically active with greater intensity over a shorter time window than previously believed. The study reveals two distinct periods of eruptions from different sources, providing insights into the volcano's past activity and potential future risks.
Researchers from Kyushu University have identified a link between fault strength and earthquake magnitude, suggesting that stronger faults are more likely to produce large earthquakes. The study analyzed seismic activity at over 1,000 locations and estimated the stress field and characterized faults as strong or weak.
Researchers have developed a highly sensitive fiber optic gyroscope to monitor ground rotations caused by earthquakes in the Campi Flegrei area. The sensor, based on the Sagnac effect, can detect small to medium local earthquakes and provide valuable insights into seismic activity.
New research reveals signs before a volcano erupts after tens of thousands of years of dormancy, including changes in magma composition and crystal formation. The study found that water-rich recharge magmas played a key role in triggering explosive eruptions, with amphibole being a critical indicator.
Climate change is expected to increase the likelihood and frequency of volcanic eruptions, making planning and responding to crises more challenging. Volcanologists are warning that governments may need new strategies to predict and mitigate the effects of future eruptions.
Researchers at UCL and INGV found that parts of the Campi Flegrei volcano have been stretched nearly to breaking point, indicating a higher risk of rupture. The study used a model of volcano fracturing to interpret patterns of earthquakes and ground uplift, suggesting that an eventual eruption could be preceded by weaker signals.
An international team of researchers analyzed medieval texts and ice core data to date some of the largest volcanic eruptions in history. They found that five lunar eclipses occurred within a year or so of major volcanic eruptions, providing new information about the most volcanically active period in Earth's history.
The study estimates that up to 40% of current carbon dioxide emissions come from the dissolution of calcite in rocks, while 60-80% originates from underground magma. Researchers aim to provide a tool for better discriminating between magmatic and non-magmatic CO2 sources.
David Kohlstedt's lab recreated the mantle's conditions, observing microscopic changes and scaling up results to real-world size. This work underlies modern geophysics and has improved our understanding of earthquakes, volcanoes, and the planet's surface.
A team of geologists successfully forecasted a Sierra Negra volcano eruption in June 2018 using a supercomputer-powered model. The model predicted an imminent eruption five months before it occurred, highlighting the power of high-performance computing in volcanic forecasting.
A research team analyzed seismic noise recorded over the last decade to better understand volcanic processes at Campi Flegrei. They found that directionality loss in noise data indicates the migration of deep fluids towards the eastern caldera, which triggers earthquakes.
The Laacher See volcano eruption occurred 13,077 years ago, according to revised dating, providing crucial information about historical climate fluctuations. This revised date coincides with observed temperature drops in Greenland Ice Sheet cores and has significant implications for European climate archives.
The 2018 Kilauea eruption highlights the intersection of physical and social phenomena, with rapid population growth in at-risk areas leading to increased development and land value. This study assesses trends in population growth and median land cost in Pāhoa-Kalapana, Hilo, and Puna districts.
Researchers at the University of Oregon found that small electrical sparks may be triggered by friction in Martian dust particles. The sparks, likely to be small and pose little danger, suggest that Mars may be an electrically active place with unique characteristics.
Researchers reconstruct ancient Sunset Crater eruption, revealing high-explosivity phase with ash reaching 20km high. The study highlights the importance of carbon dioxide in volcanic eruptions and its potential impact on global climate.
Scientists have created a new numerical model to estimate the dimensions of umbrella clouds contributing to volcanic ash deposits. This tool helps understand past large explosive eruptions and improve forecast of future events. The research was applied to the 2,500-year-old eruption of Pululagua volcano in Ecuador.
By analyzing crystal orientations from a 1959 Kilauea eruption, researchers inferred magma flow patterns prior to eruption, shedding light on past and potential future eruptions. The study's findings offer new insights into conduit dynamics, aiding in hazard prediction and monitoring.
Researchers have developed a new drone technology that combines measurements from the air, earth and space to better understand highly active volcanoes. This allows for more accurate forecasting of future eruptions and provides insights into the global carbon cycle.
Researchers from Italy's INGV and University of Bristol create historical catalog to estimate frequency of violent explosive events and investigate temporal recurrence relationship between eruptions. The study suggests a 50% probability of another paroxysm within 12 months after a previous explosion.
A new data synthesis finds that nearly 3000 volcanoes have erupted over the last 2.6 million years, many associated with subsurface signatures of currently active magma within the shallow crust. The research reveals new details about the complex and time-evolving patterns of rising magma in the region.
Researchers warn that a violent Philippine volcanic eruption could lead to an El Niño event, intense polar vortex, and Eurasian warming. The Taal volcano's ongoing eruption has the potential to produce hazardous consequences for the Earth's climate.
Researchers used drones to create centimeter-resolution 3D models of a volcano in Guatemala, revealing slow expansion and fast extrusion of viscous lava. The study provides new possibilities for measuring ground movements and predicting volcanic danger.
A study of ancient Scottish tree rings reveals that a devastating famine in the 1690s was caused by faraway volcanic eruptions and exacerbated by Scotland's political isolation from England. The researchers argue that nations should stick together to be stronger in the face of climate change.
Researchers at GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel identify Volcano F as the origin of a large pumice raft drifting towards Australia. The team used satellite images and seismic data to confirm the connection between the volcano and the floating rocks.
A new study assesses the lava flow risk on Mt. Etna's flanks, highlighting high-risk areas near populated regions and critical infrastructure. The researchers used a GIS-based approach to map hazard, exposure, and risk, revealing that effusive eruptions could harm people, properties, and services.
A new study has estimated the growth rates of deep-sea coral communities in Hawaii, revealing a pattern of ecological succession over centuries to millennia. The research found that Coralliidae, pink coral, were the first to colonize, followed by Isididae, bamboo coral, and Antipatharia, black coral.
Scientists have traced a prehistoric eruption to the lesser-known volcano Campi Flegrei in Naples, which dated back 29,000 years. The research, published in Geology, used computer models and sediment cores to identify the ash layer's origin.
Researchers found that microbes consume and trap carbon sinking into the trench off Costa Rica's Pacific coast, potentially influencing geological processes on similar scales as volcanoes. This discovery has important implications for understanding carbon movement from Earth's surface into its interior over geological timescales.
The new technology allows for high-speed analysis of emulsion track detectors, essential for detecting dark matter particles. The faster microscopes will process tens of tons of nano-emulsion trackers with unprecedented accuracy in record time.
The Cascades Arc is home to a string of volcanoes with radically different histories, sparking researchers to look beyond individual volcanoes. By analyzing heat flow, seismic wave speeds, and other data sources, scientists aim to understand why some volcanoes erupt differently than others.
The Manaro Voui volcano in Vanuatu released the largest amount of sulfur dioxide in 2018, with 400k tons during its most active phase in July. The eruption had devastating effects, including acid rain and destruction of homes.
Researchers from the University of Bristol used satellite imagery to detect uplift on the northern flank of Agung volcano, indicating magma movement sideways as well as vertically. This study provides the first geophysical evidence of a connected plumbing system between Agung and Batur volcanoes.
Scientists have developed a new method and camera to measure the flow and speed of ash particles in volcanic plumes, which can help reduce the risks to human health and infrastructure. The camera, called AshCam, uses sunlight to identify ash particles and provides new insights into volcanic ash dynamics.
Scientists at University of Wisconsin-Madison used an innovative approach to study the Laguna del Maule volcanic complex in Chile, measuring average uplift of 8 inches per year. The team found that magma rising under the area is causing rapid uplift, but also has a potential impact on future eruptions.
Researchers at the University of Manchester are using 4D scanning technology to predict the behavior of lava flows and volcanic eruptions. By studying crystallization in magmas, they can simulate the behavior of natural lava flows and better understand the hazards posed by fast-moving flows.
Researchers at University of Liverpool identified the temperature at which cooling magma cracks to form geometric columns. The study found that columnar joints were formed around 840-890°C, indicating that the lava was hot before it solidified.
Researchers from UNIGE and Roma Tre used thermal and experimental models to explain caldera resurgence, a process that prevents volcanic eruptions. The leftover magma behaves like a 'rubber sheet' due to its higher viscosity, stopping the new magma from reaching the surface.
A recent study in the Journal of Applied Volcanology analyzed volcanic fatalities in unprecedented detail, identifying common causes and victims. The research found that nearly half of all fatal incidents occurred within 10 km of volcanoes, with tourists, media, and emergency response personnel being among the most at-risk groups.
Researchers at ETH Zurich found that supervolcano magma chambers contain a mixture of liquid and crystalline magma. The chambers may exhibit a sponge-like texture, with a mesh structure of crystallised rock and pores containing molten material.
Researchers developed a model to forecast volcanic eruption impacts, analyzing past Mount Etna's eruption. This will help civil defence agencies prepare for potential UK threats.
Magma-limestone interaction may help explain why volcanoes like Vesuvius are particularly explosive, as it releases CO2 that contributes to Earth's carbon cycle. The process also triggers extreme behavior in volatile elements, potentially driving eruptions and affecting the planet.
A new study published in Nature Geoscience proposes that the rise of oxygen in Earth's atmosphere was linked to the formation of continents and life. The researchers suggest that a reduction in the efficiency of the oxygen sink, coupled with an increase in volcanic activity and carbon inputs into the atmosphere, led to two rises in atm...
An international team led by the University of Leicester has identified 12 giant super-eruptions between 8 and 12 million years ago in the United States. The research suggests that these eruptions were significantly larger than previously thought, with one estimated to have exceeded 1,900 km3 in volume.
Researchers at the University of Liverpool found that heating magma leads to gas bubble formation, triggering explosive eruptions. The study suggests temperature is more important than pressure in generating bubbles.
A new study suggests that massive magma chambers in supervolcanoes may erupt when the roof above them cracks or collapses, rather than building up internal pressure. The researchers found that the size of the magma chamber is a key factor in triggering eruptions, and that external forces such as earthquakes or faults may play a role.
Researchers from Michigan Tech study geohazards on San Vicente Volcano in El Salvador, combining traditional hazard assessments with social science techniques. Their work helps develop a more in-depth understanding of the risks present at the volcano.
Stephen Sparks has improved our ability to see deadly eruptions coming through his work on volcanic deposits, magma chambers, and pyroclastic flows. His methodical approach has produced a long list of discoveries that have improved practical understanding of volcanic hazards globally.
Researchers found that lava flows, not water, carved the massive Noctis Labyrinthus and Valles Marineris canyons on Mars. The study suggests that there was less water on Mars than previously thought, making life on the planet less likely.
Scientists at the University of Liverpool have discovered that frictional melting plays a role in determining how a volcano will erupt. The process, which occurs when magma and rocks melt due to intense heat, creates a stop-start movement in the magma as it makes its way towards the earth's surface.
A team of researchers analyzed 25 Kīlauea eruptions over the past 600 years to determine that the variability in deep magma composition strongly influences eruption styles. The study found that more gas-rich magmas produce explosive eruptions.
Researchers from Uppsala University used a 3D model to study the subsurface of Ardnamurchan volcano and found that it had a single elongate magma chamber. This challenges the long-held theory of three successive magma chambers, which has been widely studied by geology students and experts.
Land-based lava pillars in Iceland may have formed without explosion due to slow-moving lava interacting with water in a 'kinder' manner, suggesting new insights into volcanic risk assessment.
GeoResJ aims to publish top research in the entire earth science field with rapid publication and open access. Elsevier's new journal joins its existing earth and planetary science journals offering authors more choice for scope and access.