A six-fold decline in coral recovery rates has been identified across the Great Barrier Reef over an 18-year period. Effective local management and strong global action to limit climate change are crucial to prevent further decline.
A recent study suggests that Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) can be the key to China meeting its climate commitments. CSP can store energy relatively inexpensively and dispatch it day or night, making it a more cost-effective option than traditional renewable energy sources like wind power and PV. The study found that substituting CSP f...
Researchers found targeting resident memory T cells restores pigmentation in mouse model of vitiligo, offering potential new treatment. Current treatments can restore color but depigmentation recurs in up to 40% of cases.
Researchers used proteomics to study the basic biology of Alzheimer's disease, cancer, and listeriosis. They found that BACE1 inhibition increases amyloid precursor protein and other substrates in Alzheimer's, while butyrate activates mitochondrial oxidation and suppresses tumor growth in colorectal cancer cells.
A new study reveals that practicing yoga during pregnancy activates the parasympathetic nervous system, leading to improved sleep quality and reduced stress levels. The research also found a decrease in alpha-amylase levels, indicating a reduction in stress response.
A large study found that consuming fish was associated with a reduced risk of mortality from all causes, as well as specific chronic diseases like cardiovascular disease, cancer, respiratory disease, and Alzheimer's. Higher intake of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids also showed significant protective effects.
A new article in Journal of Research Science Teaching addresses ways to enact Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) in diverse educational systems, particularly those with resource constraints. The Carbon TIME project is presented as a design-based implementation research approach that supports enactment of NGSS.
Research reviewed by North Carolina State University suggests that cities display predicted effects of climate change, including urban heat islands and drought rates. Urban areas can show how plants and animals respond to changes in climate over long stretches of time, providing insights into potential future effects.
A global study reveals 62% of antibiotics sold without prescription in community pharmacies worldwide, posing a significant risk to the development and spread of antibiotic resistance. The study highlights the urgent need for better enforcement of laws regulating antibiotic sales.
Researchers successfully predicted a non-metallic nitrogen-rich tungsten nitride, h-WN6, with exceptional hardness (57 GPa) and thermal stability. The material exhibits high energy density, making it a potential candidate for advanced applications.
Researchers used monkey parietal lobe studies to find the brain distinguishes causes of errors for adaptation. Motor errors are corrected using signals from Brodmann area 5, while target errors are corrected with signals from Brodmann area 7.
Researchers at Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Leibniz University Hannover, and Ioffe Institute create a novel nanocomposite material to harness energy in hydrogen economy. The new structure isolates gold nanoparticles from silicon, increasing efficiency.
Researchers successfully quantify hormone levels in whale breath for the first time, providing a new non-invasive method to study whale health. The technique allows for rapid and short-term acute responses to stressors, such as entanglement hazards and vessel strikes.
Researchers propose tailoring information to local circumstances, emphasizing the importance of children's vulnerability in raising awareness. They also suggest using competitive mindset among leaders to develop global policies, such as a sustainable city award.
The Global Precipitation Measurement mission detected moderate to heavy rainfall from Tropical Cyclone Son-Tinh near the northern Philippines. Extremely heavy precipitation was recorded at a rate of over 6.5 inches per hour in some areas.
Researchers discovered that free-living insects can copy and inject plant hormones into leaves to increase nutrient content. This strategy is similar to endophytic insect species and could aid in developing effective pest management strategies.
Researchers at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory have discovered a mechanism called magnetic flux pumping that stabilizes plasma in tokamaks, preventing sawtooth gyrations and halting fusion reactions. This breakthrough could lead to the development of fusion energy by regulating plasma current and pressure.
A study by Rutgers Brain Health Institute discovered that the hypothalamus' 'orexin' neurons play a key role in controlling food motivation. Orexin blockers have shown promise in reducing binge-like eating episodes, providing new hope for treatment options.
A decade of research reveals most top websites fail to provide secure password advice, with some allowing single-character passwords and basic words. Experts warn that clear guidance is essential for users to ensure their data remains safe.
Research by Maria Cristina Morales found that first- and second-generation Latinos are more likely to be questioned about their citizenship status than those who have been living in the US for longer. This phenomenon, known as citizenship profiling, highlights the disproportionate surveillance of Latino immigrants and their children.
Professional baseball players with faster hand-eye coordination tend to draw more walks and swing at pitches in the strike zone, indicating improved plate discipline. The study suggests that measuring hand-eye coordination may be helpful in player selection and training could potentially lead to better batting performance.
A study by researchers at IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation and University of Rome found that childhood adversity alters the immune system, increasing sensitivity to cocaine in adulthood. Exposure to psychosocial stress early in life leads to permanent changes in immune function, sensitizing the body to cocaine's effects.
Scientists aim to create a DNA-based read-only memory (ROM) with applications in electronic devices, leveraging the unique electrical properties of DNA molecules. The proposed technology could lead to more efficient and compact devices.
A training programme called Incredible Years Teacher Classroom Management Programme improves child behaviour, concentration, and mental health by focusing on positive conduct and ignoring minor disruptions. Teachers who underwent the training reported improved teaching practices and increased student compliance.
A new study by researchers at Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University found that temperature shapes how mitochondrial DNA varies in nature. The study used fruit flies to demonstrate the selection of one mtDNA variant over another under different environmental temperatures.
New research reveals kelp from Kerguelen Islands drifted 20,000km to Antarctica, highlighting potential for drifting plastics to reach the continent. The study also suggests new species can colonize Antarctica as climate warms, challenging previous notion of its biologically isolated ecosystem.
Researchers from FAU and collaborators have received a $1.68 million NIH grant to study the genetic factors behind sleep loss, hyperphagia, and obesity in Mexican cavefish. The team aims to identify genetic loci contributing to these traits and shed light on the interaction between insomnia, obesity, and metabolic disorders.
Researchers at Imperial College London found that the immune system's response to toxins triggers IgE, which protects against cancer development. The study suggests that allergies may be linked to chemicals in modern environments and could lead to new skin cancer treatments.
A new MRI technique monitors brain iron levels to identify MS patients at higher risk of developing physical disability. Iron depletion or increase in certain brain structures is associated with longer disease duration and higher disability degree.
A high-fat diet accelerates prostate cancer growth and increases immune cells that suppress the immune system. Anti-inflammatory drugs may have benefits for obese patients with prostate cancer.
A recent study by King's College London reveals that local authorities across England have failed to prioritize palliative and end-of-life care, highlighting the need for effective strategies as the population ages.
Researchers analyzed data from multiple studies on dehydration and cognitive ability, finding that functions like attention and complex problem-solving suffer most. The study also warned that older people and those with high body fat content are more susceptible to dehydration-related impairments.
A new study published in the Journal of Substance Use found that approximately 40% of adult drinkers in the US exceed safe consumption levels. The research identifies factors associated with starting or stopping excessive drinking, including younger age, social status, and health conditions.
Research found trials supporting drugs granted 'breakthrough' status often lacked randomization and control groups, enrolling small patient numbers. This suggests a lack of robust evidence to support the use of these therapies for serious or life-threatening conditions.
Research at Stevens Institute of Technology found that smelling coffee-like scent improves analytical task performance, particularly due to the expectation that it will boost alertness. The study suggests that subtle scents can be used to shape employee experience and improve performance in various tasks.
The SunTrust Foundation has awarded the University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture a $300,000 grant to expand its financial literacy program, On My Own, which already reaches over 30,000 students annually. The program uses simulation-based challenges to teach students about managing family income and make real-life decisions.
Researchers tested Oleo Sponge, a reusable technology to clean oil spills, in a real-world setting off the California coast. The results showed that it effectively removed oil sheen without leaving any visible trace.
A large prospective study has found that childhood sexual and physical abuse is associated with a greater risk of endometriosis diagnosed during adulthood. Women reporting severe-chronic abuse had a 79 percent increased risk of laparoscopically-confirmed endometriosis.
A large international study has identified 41 genes that increase the risk of developing hay fever, including 20 new to science. The study found a significant overlap between risk genes for hay fever and autoimmune diseases, suggesting a common underlying mechanism.
The RESPOND study, funded by $26.5 million grants, aims to understand why African-American men are at higher risk for developing aggressive forms of prostate cancer. Researchers will assess social stressors and genetics to identify genetic markers for the disease.
Researchers at UniSA's Body in Mind Research Group have found visual illusions can reduce knee pain in people with osteoarthritis by up to 40%. The study used visual illusions that altered the size of participants' knees and lower legs, resulting in a cumulative analgesic effect.
A new study found that young adults who had a parent incarcerated during childhood are more likely to skip needed healthcare, smoke cigarettes, engage in risky sexual behaviors, and abuse alcohol and prescription drugs. Young Black adults were disproportionately affected, with a higher prevalence of parental incarceration.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine have identified c-Cbl as a potential target protein in colon cancer. High levels of c-Cbl were found to be associated with longer patient survival rates.
In a new study, researchers have identified the protein p53 as a key component in irregularly excited brain cells associated with autism spectrum disorders and epilepsy. The protein's role in regulating neural excitability has significant implications for understanding these developmental disabilities.
A new study by USC researchers links digital media use to increased risk of ADHD symptoms in teenagers. The study found that teens who frequently used smartphones and multimedia devices were twice as likely to show symptoms of ADHD.
A new study found that low-carb diets can improve artery flexibility in women, even if men lose weight more, suggesting a potential benefit for pre-diabetic women. This improvement in artery flexibility reduces the risk of developing serious heart conditions.
A novel drug, Metabocin, based on capsaicin has reversed damaging effects of high fat diet in mice, improving blood sugar, cholesterol levels, insulin response, and symptoms of fatty liver disease. Long-term use of the drug showed no adverse effects or weight regain.
Native tree seedlings proliferated after rat removal, with an average of 8 seedlings per square meter. The restored forest provides critical habitat for seabirds, crabs, and other rare species, contributing to resilient ecosystems and improved fish populations.
Bottlenose dolphin populations vary in diving ability by almost 1000m due to lung architecture and gas management. The research suggests that deep divers use elevated heart rates during surface intervals and directed blood flow through collapsed lung regions to manage nitrogen levels.
A new study published in the Society for the Study of Ingestive Behavior found that individuals can improve their food choices by adopting a 'health-focused' mindset during meal planning. This approach triggers activity in the prefrontal cortex, linked to self-control and future meal planning.
A new study has found that eating an early supper is associated with a lower risk of breast and prostate cancer. Participants who ate before 9pm had a 20% lower risk compared to those who ate late, suggesting the importance of meal timing in cancer prevention.
A large international study has identified new genetic risk factors for allergic rhinitis, accounting for about eight percent of all cases. The study, involving nearly 900,000 participants, revealed loci in the human genome associated with an increased risk of disease.
Researchers discovered that a freshwater algae strain can degrade and utilize non-food plant substrates, leading to improved cell growth and lipid productivity. This breakthrough has the potential to boost algal biofuel production by utilizing waste plant material, such as switchgrass and corn stover.
Researchers found that maintaining high levels of the protein vinculin in fruit flies' hearts reduced the effects of aging and improved their life span, quality of life, and metabolism. Flies bred with higher vinculin levels lived up to nine weeks, compared to six weeks for typical fruit flies.
New research reveals that gut hormones play a crucial role in addiction treatment, with ghrelin and GLP-1 analogs showing promise in reducing cravings. The study suggests that medications affecting these hormones could be repurposed to help manage drug craving and relapse.
An international team of researchers developed a new computational method to predict the functions of thousands of microbial genes. The method, based on machine learning algorithms, analyzes 'big data' from human microbiomes and other environments to identify evolutionary signals that can assign biological roles to unknown genes.
The new GSA resource provides practical advice for gerontological professionals to support safe use of OTC analgesics in older adults. Key findings highlight the importance of evaluating pain thoroughly and developing a care plan, with consideration of nonprescription treatment options.
Researchers at the University of California, San Diego, have found that competition between interfacial ordering and disordering leads to brittle fractures at grain boundaries. They also discovered bipolar interfacial structures cause brittle intergranular fractures in sulfur-doped nickel.
The Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) is funding seven new research units and two new humanities centers focused on pressing issues in various fields. The research units will explore topics such as quantum thermodynamics, sustainability, and pruritus, while the humanities centers will investigate the reciprocal influences of religi...
The RESPOND study will explore the role of social stressors and genetics in developing prostate cancer among African-American men. The study aims to recruit 10,000 participants nationwide to understand the factors contributing to poor outcomes in this disease.