Scientists combined NASA satellite observations with data on human activities to map freshwater changes globally. Freshwater is getting wetter in high latitudes and tropics while drying up in between regions, with some areas experiencing groundwater depletion.
Researchers found that bacterial signals play a crucial role in developing pre-leukemic myeloproliferation, a precursor condition to leukemia, in mice with TET2 mutations. The study suggests that targeted treatments could reverse the disease by blocking aberrant IL-6 signals.
Researchers have discovered that beef peptides can block bitter taste receptors on the tongue, potentially leading to improved flavors in food and medicine. The most effective peptides were produced through enzymatic hydrolysis using trypsin and pepsin enzymes.
Early-stage colon cancers can be surgically removed but later stages require targeted treatments. Researchers discovered that colon cancers are composed of two different cell types with the ability to replace each other after one is killed.
The VTC Research Institute is developing a test to diagnose mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), which can have long-term damage despite subtle or no physical signs. The test combines analysis of multiple biomarkers with imaging and cognitive tests.
Astronomers detected a faint signal of oxygen 13.28 billion light-years away using ALMA, indicating mature star formation in a young galaxy. The observation suggests stars formed 250 million years after the Big Bang.
The Ben-Gurion University of the Negev has received a significant grant of $15 million from the Marcus Endowment Fund, allocated for various research projects, academic positions, and campus expansion. This donation is part of a larger gift of over $400 million made by Howard and Lottie Marcus to establish the endowment.
Researchers found that people focus more on outcome than absolute moral principles when faced with a real-life scenario, but not in hypothetical scenarios. This study suggests a disconnect between hypothetical moral judgment and real-life moral behavior.
A recent study found that giving tranexamic acid to people with intracerebral hemorrhage reduced early deaths and bleeding in the brain. However, further research is needed to fully understand its potential benefits.
A novel therapy inhibits complement activation in affected brain tissue to preserve neurons and reduce inflammation after stroke. This treatment shows promise in preventing chronic inflammation and improving neurological deficits.
A multidisciplinary team at KU is tackling the fundamental science underpinning IoT security, focusing on solutions to side-channel attacks and securing information in the cloud. The team aims to improve resilience and trust between computers, essential for addressing growing cybersecurity concerns.
Scientists analyzed 107 mammal genomes to find genes that allowed early ancestors to digest insects. They discovered nearly all mammals have remnants of these genes, suggesting a shared insectivorous diet with our distant ancestors.
A recent study finds that a 2°C global temperature rise could expose nearly half of the world's population to multiple climate change risks, compared to a 1.5°C rise. The areas most at risk are densely populated and located in south Asia alone, with Africa facing greater challenges due to high social inequality.
Researchers are developing fucosylation inhibitors to enhance the targeting and killing of cancer cells by making cancer therapies more selective. Dr. Robert Britton's project aims to create molecules that do not attach to themselves, allowing for improved stability and cytotoxicity.
Research by Michigan Technological University found that harvesting whole trees has no significant impact on plant diversity. In fact, removing only the logs led to increased diversity in understory plants. The study also revealed a negative effect of a logging technique on aspen regeneration.
A study published in Nature Communications reveals that hippo waste can cause fish kills in Africa's Mara River due to depleted oxygen and nutrient levels. The research monitored water chemistry and flow downstream from 171 hippo pools over three years, finding that flushing flows can reduce dissolved oxygen concentrations.
A University of Minnesota Medical School study found that existing childcare programs in MN increased healthy food access and reduced screen time, improving children's well-being. The 'Healthy Start, Healthy State' initiatives, such as Farm to Childcare and Let's Move! Child Care, were instrumental in driving these improvements.
Researchers identify best irrigation methods for cotton in water-limited situations, challenging common assumption that producers should irrigate early and often. By reducing watering after plant emergence, yields and fiber quality can be maintained or even improved.
Researchers identified dysregulation of the gene NEUROG2 as a key factor in the development of focal cortical dysplasia, a common cause of drug-resistant epilepsy. The study found that overexpression of NEUROG2 was linked to reduced expression of microRNA hsa-miR-34a, leading to nerve cell differentiation failure.
Research reveals that specific local features in metro maps significantly impact usability, with some hazards affecting accuracy more than colour-coding schemes. Route-coloured and trunk-coloured maps showed varying performance depending on journey complexity.
Scientists at Jefferson Lab measured the pressure distribution inside a proton for the first time, revealing a pressure cooker environment. The results show that quarks are subjected to a high outward-directed pressure near the center of the proton.
Rochester Institute of Technology faculty Jing Zhang has received a CAREER award from the National Science Foundation to develop high-efficiency ultraviolet light sources. Her research could advance applications in photolithography, 3D printing, environmental purification systems and chemical sensing.
A Kaiser Permanente study found that patients with intermittently recurring atrial fibrillation who experience longer periods of abnormal heart rhythms are three times more likely to have strokes or blood clots. Continuous heart monitoring may help physicians identify high-risk patients and tailor treatments.
Research by Dr. Fernanda De Felice reveals a disease mechanism common to Alzheimer's disease and Type 2 diabetes, leading to new strategies for preserving brain health. The discovery identifies a pathway causing inflammation in the brain, affecting insulin signaling and endoplasmic reticulum stress.
Researchers discuss traditional Chinese medicine approaches for cardiovascular disease, including acupuncture, moxibustion, Qigong, and Tai Chi. They highlight the need for modern TCM research into active ingredients and their applications.
A new Vanderbilt-led study published in Pediatrics found that hospitalizations for suicidal thoughts or attempts among school-age children have increased by over 100% since 2008. The study, which analyzed data from U.S. children's hospitals, also revealed seasonal trends in encounters, with peaks during the fall and spring months.
Climate change in Quebec could lead to a greater diversity of species in national and provincial parks. By 2100, up to half of the protected regions may see an increase in species turnover of over 80%. The researchers suggest rethinking conservation strategies to prioritize site resilience and connectivity.
The Parker Solar Probe and Solar Orbiter missions will take us closer than ever before to the Sun, providing a comprehensive understanding of its inner workings and shedding light on space weather events that can disrupt technology and power grids. The missions aim to clarify the coronal heating problem and study the solar wind's inter...
Cleveland Clinic researchers found that lowering cholesterol levels can activate anti-tumor pathways in T-cells, leading to improved cancer-killing success. By reducing intracellular cholesterol, the cells' anti-cancer properties were enhanced.
Researchers discovered a protein 'piston' that facilitates rapid electron transfer in photosynthesis. The piston-like motion of PSI subunit is thought to stimulate electron transfer and provide insights into artificial photosynthesis.
A study published in Nature sheds light on the connection between the gut and brain, revealing a new pathway that may help guide therapies for multiple sclerosis and other neurologic diseases. Researchers found that compounds produced by gut microbes can limit inflammation in the brain through their influence on microglia.
Researchers at the University of Zurich have discovered the molecular structure of a cellular valve, which plays a crucial role in regulating cell volume. The study reveals potential approaches for treating conditions such as cerebral ischemia, stroke, and cancer by targeting this protein.
A study of 1,800 lung cancer screening sites found that only 1.9% of eligible heavy smokers were screened in 2016. Despite USPSTF and ASCO guidelines, low screening rates persist, with the South having the lowest rate at 1.6%. The study highlights the need for effective public service campaigns to encourage lung cancer screening.
Astrocytes and pericytes work together to regenerate cerebral blood vessels in brain regions damaged by stroke. New blood vessels form at the interface between these cells, re-establishing normal blood flow within weeks.
A new study estimates Bitcoin's minimum current energy usage at 2.55 gigawatts, with predictions suggesting it could consume up to 7.7 gigawatts by the end of 2018. The network's growing electricity demand raises concerns about its sustainability and impact on climate goals.
A new £4.8 million engineering research programme, ACHILLES, will examine how to maintain and monitor linear infrastructure assets to improve resilience. The project involves experts from seven universities and aims to develop deterioration models and sensors for better maintenance and safety.
Researchers developed a pill that can detect breast cancer in mice using near-infrared light, reducing the need for mammograms and minimizing radiation exposure. The imaging agent was found to bind specifically to cancer cells with high accuracy, paving the way for potential future applications.
Researchers discovered tooth wear linked to bit-wearing on ancient donkey remains from the Early Bronze Age (EB) period. The findings suggest that donkeys may have worn bits as early as 2700 BCE, long before the introduction of horses.
New NOAA study reveals unexpected increase in CFC-11 emissions, likely from new production sources in eastern Asia. This rise in emissions threatens the ozone layer recovery, with significant delays expected if remedied soon.
Boosting learning from positive and negative feedback may prevent psychosis, according to researchers at the University of Missouri. Brain scans using functional magnetic resonance imaging can also identify markers for psychosis risk, helping mental health professionals better treat patients with psychoses.
A team of St. Jude researchers discovered a medulloblastoma subtype that can be treated with reduced-intensity chemotherapy, improving survival rates for infants. The study found that 75% of patients with the subtype were alive five years after diagnosis, with low-risk patients having even better outcomes.
Researchers found that stereotype threat affects memory performance in older Chinese people, but culturally appropriate interventions can lessen the threat. The study, published in Journals of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, used a memory test with and without stereotype threat to assess its impact.
Researchers at DESY's PETRA III facility have created a novel, ultra-strong bio-material made from cellulose nanofibres. The material boasts exceptional tensile stiffness of 86 GPa and strength of 1.57 GPa, outperforming steel and even dragline spider silk.
A new study found that obesity is associated with an increased risk of taking up smoking and higher smoking frequency. The research suggests that genetic markers linked to body mass index may play a role in influencing smoking behavior, with potential implications for public health interventions.
New research reveals a significant increase in organs available for transplantation due to the opioid epidemic. The study found that drug-overdose related deaths have led to a more than 10-fold increase in suitable donors.
While solid body wash is seen as a more eco-friendly option than wrapped and bottled soaps, studies on its environmental impact are still lacking. Experts recommend that consumers learn more about ingredients and packaging-reduction initiatives to make informed choices.
A quartet of NFCR scientists publishes papers on possible bases for brain cancer treatments and insight into somatic mutations, advancing understanding of glioblastoma multiforme and its resistance to anti-angiogenesis drugs. The findings also identify a potential therapeutic strategy using MDA-9/Syntenin.
A new special issue of the Journal of Dental Research brings together leaders in the field to discuss the state-of-the-science in head and neck cancer, presenting new early diagnostic tools and mechanism-based therapies.
The researchers have identified a gene called Ankrd16 that prevents the production of harmful protein aggregates in neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Elevating levels of Ankrd16 protects specific neurons from dying, while removing it leads to widespread buildup of abnormal proteins.
A study of 138 VA medical centers found wide variations in mortality rates for patients with ischemic heart disease and chronic heart failure. Mortality rates ranged from 5.5% to 9.4% for ischemic heart disease and 11.1% to 18.9% for chronic heart failure.
A nationally representative sample of older English adults found that wealth in late life is associated with increased dementia risk. The study suggests that individuals with fewer financial resources are at higher risk for dementia.
A team of researchers from the Institute of Industrial Science at The University of Tokyo investigated glass-forming behavior by simulating two model systems. Their findings reveal that a single parameter governs the process, allowing for potential applications in various fields, including materials science and engineering.
Researchers discovered that mechanical forces control protein synthesis speeds by influencing ribosome tunnel geometry and protein segment movement. This finding may lead to a better understanding of disease mechanisms linked to defective protein synthesis.
A federally funded trial found that using mobile and sensor technology reduced symptom severity in patients with head and neck cancer. The technology, called CYCORE, enabled remote monitoring of patient symptoms, allowing doctors to detect concerning symptoms early and respond more rapidly.
Scientists have identified a molecular handle that chikungunya virus uses to get inside cells, which could lead to ways to prevent or treat disease caused by the virus. The researchers found that blocking this handle reduces chikungunya infection and signs of arthritis.
A new Swansea University study finds that using anonymised routinely collected electronic health records can help track trial participants over long-term periods, providing more complete results. The use of these records reduces volunteer bias, increases reliability, and provides new insights into population health.
Recent research suggested natural regeneration is superior to tree-planting, but a new study criticizes the sites chosen for evaluation, citing apples-to-oranges comparisons. The authors argue that natural regeneration isn't always successful and recommend giving it a chance before intervening with human aid.
Sabine Petry and her team used novel imaging technique to show that XMAP215 works with gamma-tubulin ring complex to create microtubule nuclei. They found that XMAP215 promotes efficient microtubule nucleation, resolving a long-standing puzzle in cell biology.
A new study from St. Michael's Hospital found that nearly one-quarter of initial opioid prescriptions in Ontario had doses exceeding the suggested threshold of 50 milligram morphine equivalents. Dental pain accounted for a significant number of these prescriptions, while postsurgical pain patients often started on higher daily doses.
A new study suggests that wind could be a more significant source of energy generation due to increased winds in the UK and northern Europe. The research predicts a 10% increase in onshore wind energy generation, enough to power an additional 700,000 homes per year.