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Science News Archive April 2022 - Page 11


Page 11 of 37

Women and lower-income patients have higher rates of death after heart surgeries

A study published in The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery found that female patients and those from lower-income neighborhoods have higher mortality rates following cardiovascular and thoracic procedures. Patients in these groups also experienced higher comorbidity burdens, urgent admissions, and poorer health outcomes.

SourceBrigham and Women's Hospital·JournalJournal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery·DateApr 22, 2022

Jiminy's wings turned out as fine as his conscience

A study by Kyoto University reveals that crickets' wings form from the lateral tergum of their wingless ancestors. The researchers used gene knockouts and microsurgery to identify key cell types involved in wing formation.

SourceKyoto University·JournalNature Communications·TypeExperimental study·DateApr 22, 2022
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

Scientists design learning-enabled safe control for systems in uncertain environments

Researchers at Michigan State University have designed a learning-enabled safe controller for systems operating in uncertain environments. The new method, which combines control barrier functions and Lyapunov functions, allows the system to quickly learn uncertainties while achieving maximum safe performance.

SourceChinese Association of Automation·JournalIEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica·DateApr 22, 2022
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

A roadmap for deepening understanding of a puzzling universal process

Researchers propose multiple plasmoids could bridge the vast range of scales in magnetic reconnection, enabling more credible simulations and high-fidelity experiments. The coming experiments will use exascale supercomputers and multiscale laboratory facilities to study reconnection in nature more faithfully.

SourceDOE/Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory·JournalNature Reviews Physics·TypeObservational study·DateApr 22, 2022

High output voltage

Researchers have developed organic sulfonamides as a flexible and stable material for proton battery cathodes, achieving higher output voltages than conventional cathodes. The new material is also easy to manufacture, stable under standard conditions, and non-toxic.

SourceWiley·JournalAngewandte Chemie International Edition·TypeExperimental study·DateApr 22, 2022

Fiber optic sensing tracks sea ice formation in Arctic waters

Researchers deployed a fiber-optic-based sensing system to track sea ice formation in the Beaufort Sea, demonstrating a new method for near-real-time monitoring. The technology used distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) to observe changes in seismic waves caused by sea ice formation and break-up, providing insights into the Arctic's health.

SourceSeismological Society of America·DateApr 22, 2022

Estimated public health impact of COVID-19 vaccination in California

A recent study published in JAMA Network Open estimates that COVID-19 vaccination in California resulted in significant public health impacts, preventing over 1.5 million cases and 72,000 hospitalizations. The study also found that vaccination led to 19,000 deaths during the first 10 months of vaccination.

SourceJAMA Network·JournalJAMA Network Open·DateApr 22, 2022
Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars

Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars deliver bright, sharp views for wildlife surveys, eclipse chases, and quick star-field scans at dark sites.

COVID-19 vaccine protection against hospitalization wanes

A recent study by Kaiser Permanente found that the Pfizer COVID-19 third dose vaccine provides strong protection against hospital admissions and emergency department visits in the first few months. However, this protection wanes over time, even after a third dose, against omicron variants.

SourceKaiser Permanente·JournalThe Lancet Respiratory Medicine·DateApr 22, 2022

Two largest marsquakes to date recorded from planet’s far side

Researchers from InSight's Marsquake Service have detected two massive marsquakes on Mars' far side, with magnitudes 4.2 and 4.1. The events provided unique insights into the planet's core-mantle boundary and offered a glimpse into previously unexplored regions of Mars.

SourceSeismological Society of America·JournalThe Seismic Record·TypeObservational study·DateApr 22, 2022

New factors that can predict breast cancer recurrence defined

Researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center have discovered new genetic and cellular factors that can determine breast cancer recurrence. The study's findings have the potential to improve treatment choices and screening methods, and may also benefit women who have not had breast cancer.

SourceGeorgetown University Medical Center·JournalScientific Reports·TypeExperimental study·DateApr 22, 2022

New study examines COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and uptake in autism community

A new study examines factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and uptake in the autism community, revealing that early skepticism waned over time. The majority of caregivers eventually received the vaccine following FDA approval. Firmly held vaccine-hesitant beliefs influenced a minority of autism spectrum disorder caregivers.

SourcePediatric Academic Societies·DateApr 22, 2022
Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount

Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount provides precise tracking capacity for deep-sky imaging rigs during long astrophotography sessions.

Water processing: light helps degrade hormones

A new technology developed by KIT researchers uses polymer membranes coated with titanium dioxide to break down steroid hormones and other micropollutants in wastewater. The process is efficient, removing hormone concentrations close to the World Health Organization's drinking water guideline.

SourceKarlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)·JournalNature Nanotechnology·TypeExperimental study·DateApr 22, 2022

Light-controllable time-domain metasurface for dynamic harmonic manipulation

Researchers developed a light-controllable time-domain digital coding metasurface that can manipulate microwave reflection spectra by time-varying light signals. The metasurface platform produces harmonics based on phase modulation, generating symmetrical harmonics and white-noiselike spectra.

SourceSPIE--International Society for Optics and Photonics·JournalAdvanced Photonics·DateApr 22, 2022
Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C)

Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C) keeps Macs, tablets, and meters powered during extended observing runs and remote surveys.

Discovery sheds light on why the Pacific islands were colonized

Researchers have discovered new evidence that sheds light on the initial expansion of the Lapita people throughout Papua New Guinea, revealing a more extensive dispersal than previously thought. The study found distinct markings on pottery, new tool technologies, and animals such as pigs introduced to the region by Lapita people.

SourceAustralian National University·JournalNature Ecology & Evolution·TypeSurvey·DateApr 22, 2022

How should long COVID patients be assessed?

Researchers at the University of Malaga developed an assessment proposal for Long COVID patients, focusing on individualized treatment based on predominant symptoms and physical function. The approach aims to address controversy surrounding exercise therapy for these patients.

SourceUniversity of Malaga·JournalMedical Hypotheses·TypeLiterature review·DateApr 22, 2022

Nuclear expert cautions against unfamiliar new nuclear age

A new research paper by Andrew Futter, Professor of International Politics at the University of Leicester, warns of a 'Third Nuclear Age' due to advancements in nuclear weapons technology. The 'Third Nuclear Age' could fundamentally change the rules on nuclear order and stability, posing significant risks to global security.

SourceUniversity of Leicester·DateApr 22, 2022
DJI Air 3 (RC-N2)

DJI Air 3 (RC-N2) captures 4K mapping passes and environmental surveys with dual cameras, long flight time, and omnidirectional obstacle sensing.

Lesser known ozone layer’s outsized role in planet warming

Research reveals that tropospheric ozone contributes more to the Southern Ocean's warming than previously thought. This finding highlights the importance of reducing air pollution to mitigate ocean heat uptake and climate change.

SourceUniversity of California - Riverside·JournalNature Climate Change·DateApr 22, 2022
Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C)

Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C) provide clear calls and strong noise reduction for interviews, conferences, and noisy field environments.

The deformation of the hydrogel is used to measure the negative pressure of water

Scientists at Wuhan University developed a non-contact optical characterization method to detect negative water pressure in microfluidic systems. By analyzing the deformation of hydrogel surfaces, they derived the exact value of negative pressure. This innovation has potential applications in mapping dynamic flow and heat transfer.

SourceHigher Education Press·JournalFrontiers of Optoelectronics·TypeExperimental study·DateApr 22, 2022

Marine mollusc shells reveal how prehistoric humans adapted to intense climate change

A study of ancient shell remains found at El Mazo cave site reveals that prehistoric humans in Europe adapted to a 1,500-year cold period by exploiting different mollusc species and avoiding overfishing. This research provides insights into human responses to climate change and its impacts on marine environments.

SourceUniversitat Autonoma de Barcelona·JournalScientific Reports·TypeExperimental study·DateApr 22, 2022
Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4)

Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4) runs demanding GIS, imaging, and annotation workflows on the go for surveys, briefings, and lab notebooks.

Graph convolution machine for context-aware recommender system

A new model, GCM, uses graph neural networks to capture user behavior interactions and factorization machine to model feature interactions, demonstrating effectiveness on public datasets. The research advances context-aware recommender systems by leveraging graph learning for strong user and item representations.

SourceHigher Education Press·JournalFrontiers of Computer Science·TypeExperimental study·DateApr 22, 2022

New miniature heart could help speed heart disease cures

Researchers have engineered a tiny living heart chamber replica to study disease progression and test new treatments. The miniPUMP device mimics the real organ's mechanics, allowing for accurate tracking of how the heart grows in embryos and studying the impact of disease.

SourceBoston University·JournalScience Advances·DateApr 22, 2022

Preliminary study finds organic vegetables contaminated with wide range of disease-causing microbes

A preliminary study found that organic leafy greens are susceptible to contamination with disease-causing bacteria and protozoa, including Pseudomonas, Salmonella, and Helicobacter. The presence of these pathogens inside free-living amoebae suggests a potential risk to public health through contaminated organic vegetables.

SourceEuropean Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases·DateApr 22, 2022
Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter

Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter measures wind, temperature, and humidity in real time for site assessments, aviation checks, and safety briefings.

New study evaluates current neonatal resuscitation guidelines

The study compares current recommendations for ventilation and chest compression versus ventilation during neonatal resuscitation using an ovine model. The findings suggest that optimizing ventilation could reduce the need for chest compressions and improve gas exchange in neonates, potentially improving overall outcomes.

SourcePediatric Academic Societies·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateApr 22, 2022

Fluid flow stimulates chemosynthesis in a Greek salad of hydrothermal microbes

A new study reveals that fluid flow in Paliochori Bay's shallow-water hydrothermal system supports high rates of chemosynthetic production, with microbes adapting quickly to changing conditions. The study finds that active fluid flow sustains carbon fixation rates among the highest determined for coastal margin sediments.

SourceWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution·JournalCommunications Earth & Environment·DateApr 22, 2022

Study finds offshore wind could drive down energy costs in New England

A new analysis found that offshore wind power in New England could reduce wholesale electricity prices by $28.81 megawatts per hour, while lowering emissions consistently. However, extreme winter storms may cause temporary losses of power due to high wind speeds, but these events are rare and do not break the system.

SourceNorth Carolina State University·JournalEnergy·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateApr 21, 2022

Superconducting gradiometer could speed up earthquake early warning

A new device, Superconducting Earthquake Early-warning Device (SEED), could detect minute gravity fluctuations caused by earthquakes, potentially speeding up earthquake early warning systems. The device aims to detect large earthquakes within 5-10 seconds, complementing existing seismic wave-based systems.

SourceSeismological Society of America·DateApr 21, 2022
Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only)

Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only) delivers reliable low-light performance and rugged build for astrophotography, lab documentation, and field expeditions.

UT Dallas researchers develop accurate rapid test for viruses

Researchers have developed a rapid test for viruses that can deliver results as accurate as PCR tests, with the ability to detect pathogens earlier and save lives. The test uses nanobubbles to bind with proteins on the virus's surface and generate vapor bubbles that signal the presence of a virus.

SourceUniversity of Texas at Dallas·JournalNature Communications·TypeExperimental study·DateApr 21, 2022

Genetic breakthrough offers novel approach to controlling Africa’s East Coast fever, which kills a million cattle a year

Researchers have identified a genetic marker that predicts East Coast fever tolerance in cattle, paving the way for breeding programs and potentially reducing livestock losses by up to 100%. The discovery could also lead to more sustainable and cost-effective farming practices in Africa.

SourceInternational Livestock Research Institute·JournalPLOS Genetics·TypeObservational study·DateApr 21, 2022

Environmentally-friendly coatings

Researchers from Konstanz University have developed a new class of water-soluble catalysts that allow for the direct manufacturing of polyethylene dispersions in water. This breakthrough enables environmentally-friendly and emission-free production of plastic coatings, reducing energy consumption and pollution.

SourceUniversity of Konstanz·JournalAngewandte Chemie·DateApr 21, 2022

Ancient skeletons reveal the history of worm parasites in Britain

Research reveals high rates of parasitic worm infections in ancient British populations, particularly during the Roman and Medieval periods. The study sheds light on the lives and habits of past populations, providing insights into public health measures.

SourceUniversity of Oxford·JournalPLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases·TypeSurvey·DateApr 21, 2022
Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor

Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor tracks ventilation quality in labs, classrooms, and conference rooms with long battery life and clear e-ink readouts.

This algorithm has opinions about your face

Researchers developed an AI algorithm to model first impressions and accurately predict how people will be perceived based on a photograph of their face. The algorithm's findings align with common intuitions or cultural assumptions, such as people who smile being seen as more trustworthy.

SourceStevens Institute of Technology·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·TypeExperimental study·DateApr 21, 2022

Why stored linseed oil tastes bitter -- And what you could do about it

Researchers identified cyclolinopeptides, particularly a methionine sulfoxide-containing class 4 peptide, as the primary cause of linseed oil's bitter off-flavor. Breeding or technical measures may help optimize flavor quality by reducing these peptides' content.

SourceLeibniz-Institut für Lebensmittel-Systembiologie an der TU München·JournalJournal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·TypeExperimental study·DateApr 21, 2022
Meta Quest 3 512GB

Meta Quest 3 512GB enables immersive mission planning, terrain rehearsal, and interactive STEM demos with high-resolution mixed-reality experiences.

Scholars seek greater collaboration among zoos and museums

The article suggests that zoos and museums can share data and specimens to improve our understanding of animal life history, behavior, and health. This collaboration could provide valuable insights into species decline, disease pathogenesis, and conservation efforts.

SourceUniversity of New Mexico·JournalBioScience·TypeCase study·DateApr 21, 2022

Racial, ethnic disparities in pain treatment for obstetric patients

A study of 8,900 patients in New York State hospitals revealed racial and ethnic disparities in pain treatment for obstetric patients. Obstetric patients in minority groups were less likely to receive an epidural blood patch (EBP) for postdural puncture headache during delivery hospitalization.

SourceJAMA Network·JournalJAMA Network Open·DateApr 21, 2022
AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope

AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope supports teaching labs and QA checks with LED illumination, mechanical stage, and included 5MP camera.

Some autism spectrum disorder symptoms linked to astrocytes

A preclinical study suggests that astrocyte abnormalities may contribute to repetitive behaviors and memory deficits in autism spectrum disorders. Researchers grew human astrocytes from patients with ASD and transplanted them into healthy mice, which developed repetitive behaviors but not social deficits.

SourceWeill Cornell Medicine·JournalMolecular Psychiatry·DateApr 21, 2022