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Science News Archive February 2022 - Page 21


Page 21 of 40

Cell groups push, rather than pull, themselves into place as organs form and cancers spread

Researchers discovered that cells in moving group push the front of their group, contrary to previous findings that they pull with their front edges. The discovery sheds light on how tissues apply force in groups to generate motion in living organisms, which could have implications for cancer spread.

SourceNYU Langone Health / NYU Grossman School of Medicine·JournalNature Cell Biology·TypeExperimental study·DateFeb 14, 2022

Loneliness has a different neural basis than social anxiety

Researchers found that loneliness is driven by different brain states than social anxiety, with distinct neural activity patterns. People with social anxiety showed increased amygdala activation and reduced nucleus accumbens activation, while those with high loneliness did not display these patterns.

SourceSociety for Neuroscience·JournalJNeurosci·TypeObservational study·DateFeb 14, 2022

Federally funded sex education programs linked to decline in teen birth rates, new study shows

A new study finds that federally funded comprehensive sex education programs led to a significant decline in teenage pregnancy rates, with an average reduction of over 3 percent. The research analyzed data from 55 counties that received funding and compared them to over 2,800 unfunded counties.

SourceNew York University·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateFeb 14, 2022
Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only)

Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only) delivers reliable low-light performance and rugged build for astrophotography, lab documentation, and field expeditions.

Decline of vultures and rise of dogs carries disease risks

A recent study published in the Journal of Wildlife Management found that vulture declines are linked to increased disease risks due to their absence. With no natural clean-up crew, diseases spread rapidly among scavenger communities, including feral dogs, which fill the ecological gap left by vultures.

SourceUniversity of Utah·JournalJournal of Wildlife Management·TypeObservational study·DateFeb 14, 2022

Follow-up costs can add up if a free cancer screening shows a potential problem

New studies from Michigan Medicine researchers aim to remove financial barriers for patients who receive abnormal test results, enabling them to complete the diagnostic process. The findings suggest that removing cost barriers could save lives by increasing screening uptake, particularly among women and underserved populations.

SourceMichigan Medicine - University of Michigan·JournalJAMA Network Open·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateFeb 14, 2022
Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm)

Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm) tracks health metrics and safety alerts during long observing sessions, fieldwork, and remote expeditions.

Businesses run by minorities, women and vets disproportionately affected by pandemic, NIST, NOAA study finds

A new study found that businesses run by minorities, women, and veterans were more likely to experience negative effects from the pandemic than non-HUGO businesses. The researchers analyzed responses from over 1,350 businesses and found that demographic factors played a significant role in determining a business's resilience during the...

SourceNational Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)·JournalInternational Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction·DateFeb 14, 2022

Numerical model of butterfly flight dynamics

A team of researchers from Shinshu University has developed a precise numerical model of butterfly flight dynamics, revealing the intricate relationship between wing movement and air flow. The study's findings have significant implications for designing micro air vehicles (MAVs), which could lead to breakthroughs in aerospace engineering.

SourceShinshu University·JournalBiology Open·TypeImaging analysis·DateFeb 14, 2022
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

What lies beneath: Roots as drivers of South African landscape pattern

A new study reveals that roots are the true engine of terrestrial nutrient cycling, driving biodiversity in South Africa's Fynbos and Afrotemperate Forest biomes. The research found that Fynbos plants use thinnest roots to limit nutrient availability for trees, allowing them to outcompete forest species.

SourceSanta Fe Institute·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·TypeObservational study·DateFeb 14, 2022

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B Volume 11, Issue 12 publishes

This issue of Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B presents several studies on drug-induced liver injury, including the role of p62/SQSTM1 in acetaminophen-induced liver injury and the importance of gut barrier function in pyrrolizidine alkaloid-induced hepatotoxicity. The journal also explores mechanisms of immune checkpoint inhibitor-mediated...

SourceCompuscript Ltd·JournalActa Pharmaceutica Sinica B·DateFeb 14, 2022

Sustainable bioeconomy: Development of environmentally friendly bio-shampoos and plant protection agent technologies

A new study examines the toxic impact of bio-based substances and innovative technologies on the environment, finding both biosurfactants and microgels as highly promising candidates for use in sustainable products. The results highlight the importance of integrating green toxicology into bioeconomy strategies.

SourceGoethe University Frankfurt·JournalJournal of Hazardous Materials·TypeExperimental study·DateFeb 14, 2022
GoPro HERO13 Black

GoPro HERO13 Black records stabilized 5.3K video for instrument deployments, field notes, and outreach, even in harsh weather and underwater conditions.

Emily Cohen awarded NSF CAREER Award to study migrating birds as communities

Assistant Professor Emily Cohen at the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science received a $750,000 NSF CAREER Award to study migrating birds as communities. This research aims to fill critical gaps in understanding animal migration by considering migratory animals as networks of ecological interactions.

SourceUniversity of Maryland Center for Environmental Science·DateFeb 14, 2022

For female yellowthroats, there’s more than one way to spot a winning mate

Researchers found that different types of ornaments in male yellowthroats are linked to the same superior genes that enhance survival of offspring. Females prefer larger-sized features such as a large black mask or large yellow 'bibs' depending on their location.

SourceUniversity of Wisconsin - Milwaukee·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·TypeExperimental study·DateFeb 14, 2022

UCI scientists discover how galaxies can exist without dark matter

In a groundbreaking study, UCI scientists discovered how galaxies can strip smaller ones of their dark matter during collisions. This mechanism has the potential to explain how galaxies might be able to exist without dark matter, challenging long-held theories.

SourceUniversity of California - Irvine·JournalNature Astronomy·DateFeb 14, 2022

Trauma centers expand care to treat patients beyond physical injury

Trauma centers in the US are increasingly screening and intervening for patients with alcohol and substance abuse issues, as well as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and suicidal ideation. A survey found that over 95% of trauma centers screen and intervene for high-risk patients, leading to significant reductions in re-entry rates.

SourceAmerican College of Surgeons·JournalJournal of the American College of Surgeons·DateFeb 14, 2022
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

USTC researchers develop a method named SCUBA for protein design

USTC researchers develop a method named SCUBA for de novo protein design, employing a novel statistical learning strategy to generate protein main chain structures with high designability. This approach enables the creation of novel protein structures not observed in nature, expanding the diversity of accessible protein geometries.

SourceUniversity of Science and Technology of China·JournalNature·DateFeb 14, 2022

More research needed to correct the paradox of sustainable batteries

Magnesium-based batteries offer a promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries, with several significant advantages. However, developing cost-effective and high-performance batteries requires further research on electrolyte development, anode design, and cathode structure.

SourceBeijing Institute of Technology Press Co., Ltd·JournalEnergy Material Advances·TypeExperimental study·DateFeb 14, 2022

Neutrinos are lighter than 0.8 electron volts

The KATRIN experiment has constrained the mass of neutrinos to a new upper limit of 0.8 eV, breaking into the sub-eV mass range relevant to cosmology and particle physics. This achievement demonstrates unprecedented precision in determining the mass of neutrinos.

SourceKarlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)·JournalNature Physics·TypeExperimental study·DateFeb 14, 2022

Cancer computer models identify new drug combinations to treat Covid-19

Researchers adapted cancer models to predict effective drug combinations for treating Covid-19 at different stages of the disease. The study identified existing therapeutics that might be suitable for treating severe cases, and could help lower Covid-19 related deaths.

SourceUniversity College London·Journalnpj Digital Medicine·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateFeb 14, 2022
Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter

Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter measures wind, temperature, and humidity in real time for site assessments, aviation checks, and safety briefings.

Decolonize research to save heritage threatened by climate change

New research from the University of East Anglia and partner institutions highlights the need for locally led research and equitable funding to address the loss and damage of heritage from climate change. The study suggests that decolonial approaches can strengthen adaptation action globally and recognize the breadth of heritage.

SourceUniversity of East Anglia·JournalNature Climate Change·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateFeb 14, 2022

China’s moon sample updates lunar chronology model

Researchers have updated the lunar chronology model using radiometric ages of new Chang'E-5 samples and crater counting data from the landing area. The new model provides a more accurate timescale, essential for understanding lunar and planetary history.

SourceChinese Academy of Sciences Headquarters·JournalNature Astronomy·DateFeb 14, 2022

A new way to shape a material’s atomic structure with ultrafast laser light

Researchers have developed a way to change the atomic structure of tin selenide using intense pulses of near-infrared laser light, creating materials with dramatic new properties. This breakthrough opens up possibilities for improving thermoelectrics and other materials by controlling their structure.

SourceDOE/SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory·JournalPhysical Review X·TypeExperimental study·DateFeb 14, 2022

Older adults store too much information in their brains

A study published in Trends in Cognitive Sciences found that older adults tend to store irrelevant information, making it harder to remember specific details. This can lead to a 'flood' of information, but also benefits like improved prior knowledge utilization and decision-making.

SourceBaycrest Centre for Geriatric Care·JournalTrends in Cognitive Sciences·TypeLiterature review·DateFeb 14, 2022

'Math neurons' identified in the brain

Researchers at the University of Bonn and Tübingen discovered specific brain cells that fire during mathematical operations. The study found unique neurons for addition and subtraction tasks, suggesting a complex coding system in the human brain.

SourceUniversity of Bonn·JournalCurrent Biology·TypeExperimental study·DateFeb 14, 2022
Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C)

Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C) keeps Macs, tablets, and meters powered during extended observing runs and remote surveys.

DisCo: Boosting the efficiency of single-cell RNA sequencing

A new method called DisCo enhances the efficiency of single-cell RNA sequencing by actively detecting and capturing cells using machine-vision. This approach allows for continuous operation and high capture efficiency, making it suitable for processing small cell samples such as tissues or patient biopsies.

SourceEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne·JournalNature Methods·DateFeb 14, 2022

New in the Hastings Center Report: January-February 2022 issue

The Hastings Center Report examines four key considerations for assessing risk-trade-offs in the pandemic, including education, economies, healthcare, travel, social engagement, and medical countermeasures. The report also challenges traditional notions of advance directives in end-of-life care, proposing a new principle of patient aut...

SourceThe Hastings Center·JournalThe Hastings Center Report·TypeCommentary/editorial·DateFeb 14, 2022
Sky & Telescope Pocket Sky Atlas, 2nd Edition

Sky & Telescope Pocket Sky Atlas, 2nd Edition is a durable star atlas for planning sessions, identifying targets, and teaching celestial navigation.

Many marine phytoplankton discovered to be voracious predators

A team of researchers found that many marine phytoplankton are voracious predators, consuming bacteria like Prochlorococcus and other primary production. This discovery reveals the complexity of ocean ecosystems and challenges traditional views of phytoplankton as solely photosynthetic organisms.

SourceUniversity of Hawaii at Manoa·JournalThe ISME Journal·TypeExperimental study·DateFeb 14, 2022

Pursuing carbon neutrality and water security in China

A new study suggests that China's pursuit of carbon neutrality could lead to significant water savings, with 24% of industrial water use expected to be saved by 2060. However, some provinces may struggle to meet their water-use targets, and coordinated climate-water strategies are needed to address these challenges.

SourceInternational Institute for Applied Systems Analysis·JournalOne Earth·DateFeb 14, 2022

New study reveals potential target for alcohol-associated liver disease

A new pathway has been discovered to explain how excessive alcohol consumption damages the liver, specifically through mitochondrial dysfunction. By targeting an enzyme called MATα1, researchers believe they can develop a new treatment for people suffering from alcohol-associated liver disease.

SourceCedars-Sinai Medical Center·JournalNature Communications·DateFeb 14, 2022
AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope

AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope supports teaching labs and QA checks with LED illumination, mechanical stage, and included 5MP camera.

High levels of hazardous chemicals found in Canadian nail salons

A University of Toronto study found high levels of hazardous chemicals in Canadian nail salons, with exposures up to 30 times higher than in homes and 10 times higher than in e-waste handling facilities. The study urges government and product manufacturers to make safer personal care products and safer spaces for workers and customers.

SourceUniversity of Toronto·JournalEnvironmental Science & Technology·TypeObservational study·DateFeb 14, 2022

Estimating reward & risk with machine learning improves portfolio performance by up to 28%

A study published in The Journal of Finance and Data Science found that using machine learning to estimate reward and risk improves portfolio performance. Machine learning helps provide accurate estimates by taking advantage of complex non-linear relationships between market variables, outperforming linear methods.

SourceKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.·JournalThe Journal of Finance and Data Science·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateFeb 14, 2022

Secondary cratering on Earth: The Wyoming impact crater field

A team of geoscientists has discovered several dozen small impact craters in southeastern Wyoming, dating back to the Permian period. The craters, estimated to be formed by blocks ejected from a primary crater, provide new insights into Earth's asteroid impact history.

SourceGeological Society of America·JournalGeological Society of America Bulletin·DateFeb 14, 2022

A genetic database to identify missing persons in El Salvador

A genetic database has been created in El Salvador to help identify missing persons and victims of the country's civil war. The database, which includes 400 individuals, uses advanced sequencing technologies to assess genetic relationships between remains and relatives.

SourceUniversitat Pompeu Fabra - Barcelona·JournalForensic Science International Genetics·DateFeb 14, 2022
GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter

GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter logs beta, gamma, and X-ray levels for environmental monitoring, training labs, and safety demonstrations.

How providers help patients shift expectations to make tough medical decisions

Researchers found that healthcare providers who validated patients' emotions and explained outcomes led to 73% compliance with palliative care recommendations. Providers also reframed patients' emotions around hope and guilt to optimize quality of life, improving patient compliance.

SourceIowa State University·JournalOrganization Studies·TypeObservational study·DateFeb 14, 2022

Researchers train neural network to recognize chemical formulas from research papers

A team of researchers from Skoltech and universities developed a neural network-based solution for automated recognition of chemical formulas on research paper scans. The algorithm combines molecules, functional groups, fonts, styles, and printing defects to mimic existing molecular template depiction styles.

SourceSkolkovo Institute of Science and Technology (Skoltech)·JournalChemistry - Methods·DateFeb 14, 2022
Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4)

Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4) runs demanding GIS, imaging, and annotation workflows on the go for surveys, briefings, and lab notebooks.

Researchers use supercomputers for largest-ever turbulence simulations of its kind

Researchers at TU Darmstadt and Universitat Politècnica de València used HPC resources to develop a new symmetry-based turbulence theory, resolving the closure problem of turbulence. This approach allows for reduced computational grid size and direct access to mean values like air pressure and speed.

SourceGauss Centre for Supercomputing·JournalPhysical Review Letters·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateFeb 14, 2022

Carter Awarded $1.5 million for Origin of Life Research

Researchers led by Charles Carter will investigate how critical molecules interacted and evolved together, leading to the emergence of life on Earth billions of years ago. They aim to characterize an ancestral alphabet and establish how it grew into the twenty-letter coding alphabet used in genes.

SourceUniversity of North Carolina Health Care·DateFeb 14, 2022

Melatonin inhibits Gram-negative pathogens by targeting citrate synthase

This study reveals melatonin's potential as an antibacterial agent against Gram-negative pathogens, particularly through the inhibition of citrate synthase. By damaging bacterial membranes and inducing leakage of intracellular contents, melatonin demonstrates its effectiveness in reducing bacterial loads.

SourceScience China Press·JournalScience China Life Sciences·DateFeb 14, 2022

Intervention reduces disparities in timing of lung cancer surgery between Black and white patients

A multi-faceted intervention resulted in timelier lung cancer surgery for Black patients, with median times of 23 days compared to 43 days for historical groups. The ACCURE trial improved treatment rates and reduced treatment delays, demonstrating the effectiveness of addressing racial inequities in care.

SourceUNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center·JournalJournal of Clinical Oncology·TypeMeta-analysis·DateFeb 14, 2022
Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C)

Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C) provide clear calls and strong noise reduction for interviews, conferences, and noisy field environments.

BU researchers identify a novel PARP-like enzyme in mitochondria

The study identifies NEURL4, a mitochondrial ADP-ribosyltransferase enzyme, which plays a critical role in maintaining mitochondrial DNA integrity. The research suggests potential new strategies for treating diseases with a mitochondrial component, such as cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders.

SourceBoston University School of Medicine·JournalJournal of Cell Biology·TypeExperimental study·DateFeb 14, 2022

Progress in reproductive biology - new insights into the binding behaviour of the porcine sperm protein 'AWN'

Researchers from Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research discovered a previously unknown localisation of the porcine sperm protein 'AWN', strengthening its involvement in sperm-egg fusion. The findings are crucial for improving assisted reproduction methods, including artificial insemination.

SourceLeibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research (IZW)·JournalBiology of Reproduction·TypeExperimental study·DateFeb 14, 2022

Type 1 diabetes in children: Only 22 euros for an early diagnosis before symptoms arise

A recent study found that early detection of type 1 diabetes in children can effectively monitor and treat the disease. The cost analysis shows that standard screening could reduce costs from 28 euros to 22 euros per child, while also preventing metabolic derailments and their consequences.

SourceHelmholtz Munich (Helmholtz Zentrum München Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH))·JournalDiabetes Care·DateFeb 14, 2022

Trust clinical COVID-19 signs over a negative RT-PCR test

A Rutgers study found that hospital patients with repeated negative RT-PCR tests but exhibiting COVID-19 signs and/or symptoms were half as likely to receive treatment as those who tested positive. The study suggests that clinicians should not solely rely on RT-PCR tests for COVID-19 diagnosis.

SourceRutgers University·JournalBMC Infectious Diseases·TypeObservational study·DateFeb 14, 2022

Mental health crisis follows COVID-19 wake

A recent study found that Australian international border restrictions had a negative impact on mental health, with participants reporting high levels of psychological distress. The study highlights the need for policymakers to consider the toll of pandemic policies on people's mental health and wellbeing.

SourceFlinders University·JournalGlobalization and Health·TypeSurvey·DateFeb 14, 2022
Apple MacBook Pro 14-inch (M4 Pro)

Apple MacBook Pro 14-inch (M4 Pro) powers local ML workloads, large datasets, and multi-display analysis for field and lab teams.