Researchers find large language models (LLMs) can predict drug-target interactions more accurately. LLMs are advancing drug discovery by optimizing molecule design and improving model reliability.
A Stanford Medicine-led report found that children with rare flu complications like influenza-associated acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) need prompt treatment to survive. The condition causes brain swelling and a runaway immune response, leading to fatal outcomes if left untreated.
Researchers have developed a three-dimensional imaging method to distinguish between two fundamental processes by which light is transformed into electric current in quantum materials. The breakthrough could lead to improvements in solar energy systems and optical communications technology.
This book presents cutting-edge approaches to combat cancer, including exosomal delivery systems, CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, and immunotoxin therapy. Natural compounds are also examined for their anticancer potential.
A cohort study found that stroke center certification decreases racial disparities in treatment for white patients within the same hospital, but such disparities remain for Black patients. This suggests continued systemic inequalities in stroke care settings.
A new study published in Ecology reveals traditional methods of tracking animal movement may be underestimating the actual distance travelled by whales, particularly for marine species.
The new book provides a comprehensive overview of engineered nanomaterials' interactions with biological systems, driving breakthroughs in biomedical applications and environmental sustainability. It explores critical applications in sustainable technologies, including bioremediation and heavy metal adsorption.
University Hospitals has received American Heart Association quality achievement awards for ensuring stroke patients receive best practices and life-saving care. The institution prioritizes early detection and treatment to improve survival, minimize disability, and accelerate recovery times.
A large meta-analysis of over 800,000 participants shows that high adherence to the Mediterranean Diet, Alternative Healthy Eating Index, and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension reduces type 2 diabetes risk across diverse ethnic groups. These three diets have been recommended for general health and their potential benefits were fou...
Researchers map the path from liver fibrosis to cancer, revealing how scarred liver tissue becomes a breeding ground for tumor growth. Key findings include the role of hepatic stellate cells and dysregulated signaling pathways in remodeling the liver into a pro-tumor environment.
Researchers at WashU Medicine discovered that mast cells stand guard at tiny gates through which fluid waste leaves the brain, mounting a response when a pathogen is detected to close the gates and prevent invaders from entering. Enhanced mast cell activity before an infection reduced bacterial load.
A study merged rice growth models, genome-wide association studies, and machine learning to predict flowering time with high accuracy. The approach integrated climate indices and showed promise for precision agriculture and molecular breeding.
A new study uses GenAI models to extract pathological features for lung adenocarcinoma grading and prognosis, achieving striking accuracy and consistency. The research team discovered 11 key histological features and 4 clinical variables that provide a comprehensive risk assessment for patients.
Researchers found surprisingly high concentrations of small-diameter microplastics in air samples from their homes and cars, estimating adults inhale 68,000 particles per day. The study suggests health risks due to inhalation of lung-penetrating microplastics may be higher than previously thought.
Researchers at Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics have successfully detected antineutrinos from a nuclear reactor using the CONUS+ experiment. The detection uses Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering (CEvNS), allowing for improved sensitivity to new physics beyond the Standard Model.
A coordinated approach is needed to address the scientific value of trial representation of the intended use population. The study aims to provide a strategic framework to ensure scientific validity by operationalizing broad representation at all levels.
The study introduces a modified electrolyte LPSC-5%Li3PO4 with enhanced chemical/electrochemical stability, demonstrating an ionic conductivity of 5.71 mS cm–1 and suppressing dendrite growth. The PO43- doped electrolyte exhibits excellent mechanical stability and good compatibility with lithium metal.
The study identified ZmMPK3 as a positive regulator of salt stress response in maize. The ZmMPK3-ZmGRF1 module enhances cell proliferation under saline environments, promoting maize growth.
A new study by USC researchers reveals that social media susceptibility clusters among users' friends, leading to a phenomenon called the Susceptibility Paradox. This pattern is strongest in influence-driven sharing, where users are more likely to post content if their friends have done so before.
A new study led by Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health found that increasing solar power generation in the US by 15% could lead to significant cuts in CO2 emissions. The researchers pinpointed regions where clean energy investments return the greatest climate dividends and demonstrated the value of coordinated clean energy efforts.
The THER web tool analyzes hypoxia-associated transcriptomic data without programming skills, presenting results via volcano plots, heatmaps, and tables. Experimental validation confirms THER's reliability, revealing broad impacts of hypoxia on drug efficacy across tumor types.
A low FODMAP diet has been shown to improve colonic barrier function and reduce mast cell activation in patients with IBS-D. The study found that the diet reduced symptoms of diarrhea and abdominal pain, and improved intestinal permeability.
Researchers at the Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) have developed a high-throughput multiplexed gene and cell doping analysis technique using CRISPR-Cas technology. This breakthrough offers superior performance in detecting exogenous genes, demonstrating potential applications in sports ethics and fairness, as well as ...
The article discusses how intratumoral microbial metabolites modulate immune cell function, influencing cancer immunotherapy outcomes. The review examines the impact of glucose, amino acids, lipid, and other metabolites on the tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy efficacy.
A study from the University of Georgia found that lions and hyenas tend to stay near roads with less tourist traffic, particularly during the dry season. The animals often visit waterholes for drinking or hunting, but hyenas may avoid areas with high competition from lions.
A decade-long study reveals that the source of dietary fat, not adiposity itself, is the primary factor influencing tumor growth in obese mice. High-fat diets derived from animal fats compromise anti-tumor immunity and accelerate tumor growth, while plant-based fats have a neutral effect.
A study evaluates a city-level warning system based on wastewater data to detect COVID-19 outbreaks early. The proposed system offers broader coverage, earlier outbreak detection, and lower costs compared to clinical surveillance.
Researchers at Mass General Brigham found larazotide effective in treating children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), a rare but serious condition. The oral drug strengthened intestinal barriers to limit SARS-CoV-2 viral particle entry, resolving symptoms and improving recovery.
A large study examines 17 years of Medicare hospitalization claims and major flooding events, finding increased rates of specific health issues among older adults. The research highlights the need for targeted outreach, robust evacuation planning, and improved access to medical services to protect public health during climate change.
Researchers found that combining lavender essential oil with its own hydrosol effectively preserves skin-care emulsions against bacteria and fungi. The simple pairing kept counts below European Pharmacopoeia limits, even at high temperatures.
A group of leading scientists published a paper providing a decision tree to select the most appropriate quantification techniques for postbiotics. The framework helps ensure accurate characterization and reproducible manufacturing of postbiotic products.
A new study has found that US nitrous oxide deaths have increased by more than 500% between 2010 and 2023, primarily driven by recreational misuse. The researchers warn of the dangers of inhalant use, particularly among young people, highlighting the need for public awareness and intervention to prevent harm.
A new study reveals that cyberstalking is increasing at a faster rate than traditional stalking, with nearly half of victims not perceiving it as a crime. The researchers call for improved public education, clearer legal definitions, and enhanced support services to address the growing threat of cyberstalking.
Researchers propose reforms to nature-based climate actions by accounting for feedbacks and ensuring outcomes that wouldn't have happened otherwise
Researchers found measurable changes in brain signals responsible for motor control and movement after 12 dynamic cycling sessions. The study suggests long-term exercise programs could have wider restorative effects on the brain signals of Parkinson's Disease patients.
A new study published in PNAS found that prolonged and repeated exposure to GABA anesthetic agents in infants under two months leads to accelerated visual cortical development. This may suggest the use of non-GABA-active anesthetics for newborns, as a large multicenter clinical trial is currently underway.
Researchers at ETH Zurich and Stanford University quantified the number of molecules produced by gut bacteria that reach the human body daily. This knowledge helps understand how the gut microbiome influences health and behavior.
Researchers at La Jolla Institute for Immunology investigate the fundamentals of allergy immunotherapies by examining T cells in children with cockroach allergies, finding that dosage and underlying response don't affect treatment efficacy.
Researchers discovered that metformin's ability to lower blood sugar depends on turning off a small protein called Rap1 in the brain. The study found that low doses of metformin can significantly drop blood sugar levels even with thousands of times smaller doses than typical oral administration.
A case series of children with influenza-associated acute necrotizing encephalopathy highlights the condition's severe impact on young, previously healthy children. The study emphasizes the need for prevention, early recognition, intensive treatment, and standardized management protocols to address this critical public health concern.
State-of-the-art LLMs can assist radiologists in interpreting chest CT reports, reaching a 75% accuracy rate across common diseases. Fine-tuning and prompt engineering improve model performance, with GPT-4 and Qwen-Max showing exceptional strength.
A recent study from the University of California, Riverside, and the University of Wisconsin-Madison emphasizes the need for culturally responsive approaches to support healing among Latina college students who have experienced intimate partner violence. Resilient coping and social support were found to be strong predictors of well-being.
The journal is seeking high-quality submissions that explore the potential of voice and speech analysis in diverse medical applications. Submissions focus on acoustic and voice analysis techniques, voice or vocal phenotyping, and vocal biomarkers in health and medicine.
Researchers discovered that a type of HPV commonly found on the skin can directly cause a form of skin cancer called cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma when immune cells malfunction. The study's findings suggest that other people with defective T-cell responses may also be susceptible to cancer caused directly by beta-HPV.
Recent AI-based models, such as Asian Prostate Cancer Artificial Intelligence and Galen Prostate, optimize screening and reduce unnecessary biopsies. These models use multimodal clinical parameters and convolutional neural networks to detect prostate cancer and identify aggressiveness of cancer cells.
Research examines undercarboxylated osteocalcin's impact on diabetes, osteoporosis, Alzheimer's disease, and other conditions like NAFLD and depression. Glu-OCN's influence on glucose homeostasis, lipid metabolism, and cholesterol metabolism is discussed.
The cichlid fish Perissodus microlepis has an unusual head shape due to bilateral symmetry breakdown, and its genome analysis reveals multiple genes contribute to this asymmetry. Behavioral experiences also influence the preferred direction of hunting behavior, reinforcing both genetic and morphological asymmetries.
Researchers found biochar improved soil's ability to hold nutrients and moisture, giving cotton plants better growth conditions. Biochar also helps improve water quality by keeping nitrates in the soil and out of groundwater.
Researchers develop machine learning models to analyze sparse digital footprints and forecast depressive relapses or manic episodes with clinical-level accuracy. The approach uses GPS-derived social withdrawal and erratic typing patterns to predict bipolar episodes 24 hours in advance.
The São Paulo School of Advanced Science in Systems Change and Sustainability brings together leading academics to discuss cutting-edge knowledge on sustainable transformation. Applications will be selected based on résumé, academic transcript, letters of recommendation, and proposal submission.
A new tool has been developed to improve the security of small-scale business transactions, utilizing blockchain-powered smart contracts. The tool provides a clear record of agreements and obligations, ensuring that businesses are paid and customers receive services as promised.
Researchers found that common respiratory infections like COVID-19 and influenza can awaken dormant breast cancer cells in the lungs, leading to a massive expansion of metastatic cells. The study suggests that individuals with a history of cancer may benefit from taking precautions against respiratory viruses.
Researchers used machine learning to analyze 3,430 drugs and identified 29 new lipid-lowering candidates. The predictions were validated using clinical data, mouse experiments, and molecular docking, offering a potential solution for patients with hyperlipidemia.
A team of researchers at the University of Toronto has identified a protein, Shikimate kinase-like 1 (SKL1), that enables land plants to convert light into energy through photosynthesis. This discovery holds promise for improved herbicides and increased efficiency of photosynthesis in food crops.
A scoping review of 66 studies suggests distinct physiological underpinnings for different dimensions of psychopathy and its impact on facial emotion recognition. Oxytocin is proposed to play a role in modulating this skill.
A global study on early childhood education policies found that social skills are rarely included in educational programs, despite their importance for personal and professional lives. The study highlights the need to promote citizenship skills and address structural factors influencing educational success.
Researchers developed a protective coating called PDAI2 to shield perovskite solar cells from space damage. The coating helps the cells survive in harsh conditions, allowing for longer operation times and improved efficiency.
Researchers discovered an 85m-deep crater and 90 million cubic metres of water flooded out of a subglacial lake, fracturing the ice above and creating a massive flood. The study highlights the need to better understand how often subglacial lakes drain and their impact on the surrounding ice sheet.
A Safe Systems Approach emphasizes that road users, designers, operators, policymakers, administrators, and healthcare professionals all have a role to play in reducing fatalities. By adopting this approach, countries can realize significant success in eliminating roadway deaths, but full commitment from stakeholders is necessary.
Researchers introduce a novel electrocatalyst design strategy using chemical fermentation, creating a multilevel porous carbon architecture embedded with Ni–Fe alloy nanoparticles. This approach achieves ultra-efficient oxygen evolution reaction performance, with a record-low overpotential of 165 mV at 10 mA cm−2.