Six Japan-led programs will be presented at the Science Summit UNGA80, addressing global challenges such as food and water security, rare diseases, inclusive education, and research ethics. The programs are open to a global audience and offer free registration.
The Global RETFound initiative aims to develop the world's first globally representative AI foundation model in medicine, addressing health inequalities and AI bias. The project involves a diverse dataset of over 100 million fundus photographs sourced from 65+ countries.
A comprehensive study assesses decarbonization's ramifications on global poverty and inequality, revealing the potential for redistributing domestic carbon revenues to alleviate poverty. However, careful policy design and international cooperation are crucial to address social development issues in developing countries.
Scientists have synthesized organic compounds that exhibit universal magnetic behavior attributed to linear band dispersion (LBD). The discovery accelerates understanding and application of quantum materials for advanced IT technologies.
This article introduces post-quantum cryptography, emphasizing its mathematical foundation in lattice theory and positive definite quadratic forms. The study explores the shortest vector problem (SVP) and closest vector problem (CVP), crucial problems for further development of lattice-based cryptography.
The International Telecommunication Union is strengthening its collaboration with academia to gather insights on emerging technology trends. The new Academic Advisory Body will produce informative policy briefs and forward-looking analyses on the evolving role and impact of innovation.
Researchers have created face-/edge-shared 3D perovskitoid single crystals with suppressed ion migration, providing a new pathway for stable and high-sensitivity X-ray detection. The team's design addresses the long-standing issue of ion migration in traditional perovskites.
A novel, low-cost catalyst made from peanut shell-derived biochar and BiFeO₃ achieves rapid inactivation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) within minutes. The system demonstrates high efficiency and durability, offering a potential solution to tackle antibiotic resistance pollution in aquaculture wastewater.
A nationwide study of secondary school pupils in England found that bright children from poorer backgrounds are twice as likely to be admitted to hospital with mental health problems. They are also more likely to be treated for alcohol and drug use, self-harm, and pregnancy-related issues.
The new textbook bridges the gap between traditional divisions in teaching and practicing tectonics, seismology, geodesy, and geodynamics. It provides a basis to explore fundamental connections between the planet's deep interior and surface.
Developing fly embryos use different strategies to prevent 'tissue tectonic collision', a fundamental engineering problem during development. The cephalic furrow forms and disappears without leaving a trace, but its evolutionary significance was unclear until now.
A new study found that Australian women of reproductive age taking GLP-1 receptor agonists are not using effective contraception, despite known risks during pregnancy. The research revealed a higher risk of pregnancy among younger women with diabetes and those without diabetes in their early thirties.
Researchers developed photo-inducible binary interaction tools (PhoBITs) to precisely control gene expression, cell signaling, and immune responses. PhoBITs enable targeted treatment with minimal side effects, opening new avenues for cancer therapy, immunotherapy, and regenerative medicine.
A new study found that the end of COVID-era federal funding led to a significant increase in uninsured children visiting emergency departments in Texas, with 45.2% more visits than before. The share of commercially insured patients also rose 12.5%, while Medicaid-insured visits declined by 11.7%.
A review analyzes strategies for energy-level alignment in perovskite solar cells, including perovskite absorber engineering and ETL/HTL optimization. Real-world case studies validate the effectiveness of these approaches.
A large portion of people with diabetes remain undiagnosed or receive suboptimal care. The study found that 44% of those aged 15 and older with diabetes are unaware of their condition, with substantial regional diagnosis and treatment disparities.
A multilayer film developed by University of California engineers reflects heat while letting through light needed for photosynthesis. This could make greenhouses more water- and energy-efficient, with minimal impact on crop yields. The film reduces near-infrared light passing through by almost 90%.
Researchers have developed a game-changing solution for wastewater treatment, delivering unprecedented performance in electrochemical oxidation of persistent pollutants. The 3D-printed electrodes reduce reliance on critical raw materials and cut fabrication costs by 30%, offering a scalable, metal-free path to sustainable water treatment.
Researchers have developed an artificial cartilage material that responds to pH changes in the body, releasing anti-inflammatory drugs precisely where and when needed. This approach could improve arthritis treatment outcomes by continuously delivering pain-relieving medication.
As Arctic permafrost thaws, geochemical reactions unleash metals like cadmium, harming fish and disrupting ecosystems. The Salmon River's transformation poses indirect threats to Indigenous communities and other species.
Researchers developed a novel zwitterionic electrolyte additive using anionic group design to eliminate hydrogen evolution reactions and zinc dendrite growth. MPC emerged as the most effective additive due to its dual functionality, offering promising solutions for ultra-stable and long-life aqueous zinc-ion batteries.
Researchers used AI models with integrated clinical and claims data to predict chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The study found that the models outperformed single data source models and reduced racial bias. The findings can inform likelihood and management of CKD, supporting targeted interven...
Researchers have developed a new approach to manufacturing multicolour lenses using metamaterials, overcoming major limitations of metalenses. The design enables polarisation independence and scalability through mature semiconductor nanofabrication platforms.
Stefan Kappe, a leading expert in genetic engineering of parasites, has been appointed as the new Director of the Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health at UM School of Medicine. He will focus on developing genetically engineered live-attenuated pathogens to combat malaria infection.
Researchers developed an AI tool to assess tambaqui fish stress levels based on their lower half body coloration. The study found that stressed fish became darker, and the trait is heritable, impacting animal welfare and farming practices.
The article explores the fundamental principles and applications of current oral anti-tumor and anti-infective vaccines, discussing considerations necessary for designing future oral vaccines. Oral vaccines can be used for tumor therapy and prevention of various infectious diseases, improving immune defense.
Researchers explore FtsZ's potential as a therapeutic target for bacterial cell division, highlighting current advances and future directions. Despite progress, challenges persist, including weak binding affinities and evolving drug resistance.
A 14-year study highlights the importance of diagnosing and treating obstructive sleep apnea in people with type 2 diabetes. The research suggests that continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment can reduce mortality risk by up to 26%.
Researchers found that neutrophil protein Relmy pokes holes in heart cells, promoting dangerous heart rhythms and cell death. The study suggests targeting immune cells may help prevent sudden cardiac death and arrhythmias.
Resistance mutations and the blood-brain barrier pose significant hurdles to targeted treatment efficacy in NSCLC patients with brain metastases. Emerging evidence suggests that ABCB1 and ABCG2 drug transporters play a crucial role in differential efflux of targeted inhibitors at the BBB.
The Lung Cancer Genetics Study has launched an open-source data platform, offering no-cost access to de-identified data from consenting participants. Researchers can conduct analyses on germline genotyping, self-reported health and exposure data, and cancer-causing driver mutations, with longitudinal datasets to be added over time.
A population-based study found that CT radiation exposure before conception may increase the risk of spontaneous pregnancy loss and congenital anomalies. Women with prior CT scans were more likely to experience miscarriages, ectopic pregnancies, or stillbirths, as well as birth defects in their offspring.
Keith Cole has received a five-year grant from the National Institute on Aging to conduct integrated research on dual decline, mobility, cognition and aging. This research aims to identify predictors and treatment targets for older adults at risk of physical and cognitive decline.
A research team at DGIST has successfully developed a drop-and-spread inkjet printing technique to fabricate high-sensitive biosensors. The technology enables precise sensor fabrication without expensive equipment, showing potential for early diagnosis and real-time monitoring of neurological diseases.
Researchers at Penn State developed CitraBoneQMg, a biodegradable scaffold that combines magnesium and glutamine with citric acid to promote bone growth. The implant increased bone growth by 56% in rats compared to traditional implants, demonstrating its potential for treating complex fractures.
Researchers used multiple agronomic models to examine the effects of climate-smart agricultural practices on carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas emissions. The study found positive effects in both studied locations under a baseline scenario, but negative effects in a worst-case scenario.
A new study reveals cancer cells can convert a ketone into acetyl-CoA through an alternative pathway, reshaping the relationship between diet and cancer. This finding suggests that glucose may not always be the primary nutrient source for cells, adding to the complex understanding of cellular metabolism.
Researchers at Indiana University School of Medicine have developed a novel candidate drug that shifts the behavior of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells, turning them from cancer protectors into tumor fighters. The study shows promising results in clearing triple-negative breast cancer tumors and treating other aggressive cancers.
A study found that fine particulate matter air pollution exposure is associated with increased dementia severity and Alzheimer disease neuropathologic changes. Population-based studies are needed to better understand this relationship.
Researchers discovered a new reductive uric acid pathway that functions without oxygen, which builds upon current knowledge of uric acid degradation. The study found that this pathway produces a metabolite called yanthine, which is elevated in patients with gout and could serve as a biomarker for diagnosing or monitoring the condition.
Researchers developed a novel optical sieve method to detect, classify and count nanoplastic particles in real-world environments. The innovation provides hope for scalable monitoring of global plastic pollution with far-reaching implications for human health and the environment.
Researchers developed a mathematical framework that shows economic growth and environmental sustainability are compatible in developing countries. A 'kindergarten rule' level of pollution abatement is necessary for successful implementation, depending on factors like clean technology availability and foreign aid.
A team of researchers has created a reliable method for accurately recording greenhouse gas emissions from corporate sustainability reports. The dataset, published in Scientific Data, provides a rigorous and transparent foundation for evaluating automated approaches to sustainability reporting.
A team of researchers from Japan has synthesized a novel 2D material, 2H-NbO2, which exhibits strongly correlated electronic properties with two-dimensional flexibility. The discovery paves the way for realizing advanced quantum materials in next-generation electronic devices.
Researchers found that mutations in the CFAP410 gene change its interaction with another protein, making motor neuron cells more vulnerable to DNA damage and cell death. This discovery provides new insights into the mechanisms underlying Motor Neurone Disease and highlights potential targets for new therapies.
Researchers have successfully tested drone-delivered Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) for out-of-hospital cardiac arrests in the UK. The technology shows promise, but there were delays once the drone arrived on scene, highlighting the need for more support from bystanders and call-handlers.
Researchers at DGIST developed a high-performance color-conversion layer that delivers vivid color reproduction while maintaining performance even when stretched by more than 50%. The new technology enables direct linkage of quantum dots with stretchable polymers, overcoming challenges in commercializing flexible displays.
A new review emphasizes the importance of both physical activity and reduced sedentary time for optimal skeletal health. Emerging evidence reveals that prolonged sitting and inactivity can harm bone health, even among regular exercisers.
A clinicopathologic study identified high-grade serous carcinomas in cervical biopsies as secondary to upper genital tract tumors, mostly of endometrial origin. Accurate diagnosis is crucial for proper management.
Prochlorococcus, a cyanobacteria and photosynthesizing organism, is threatened by ocean warming. The microbe's optimal temperature range is between 66 and 86 degrees, but rising temperatures may lead to reduced productivity and impact the marine food web.
Researchers have developed a new light-based chip that cuts power consumption for image recognition tasks by up to 100 times, using lasers and microscopic lenses fabricated onto circuit boards. This breakthrough enables faster performance and potentially strain-free AI systems.
Researchers created a genetically engineered model of lung cancer in naked mole rats, showing that these animals require multiple genetic mutations for tumors to form. The study reveals that tumors developed highly diverse and infiltrated by immune cells, opening the door to future studies on tumor microenvironment.
A clinical study suggests that immunotherapy can be effective in treating mesothelioma, a rare cancer affecting the lining of the lungs. The trial found improvements in time to tumor growth and overall length of survival for patients with operable diffuse pleural mesothelioma.
Researchers at DGIST developed an implantable wireless neural interface capable of delivering drugs precisely to deep brain regions without external equipment. The device's micro-pump and microchannel structure enable precise drug infusion, overcoming the blood-brain barrier's limitations.
This study identifies a high-efficient platform for discovering key anti-Notum constituents from herbal medicines, with 5-Methoxypsoralen emerging as a promising anti-GIOP agent. The compound promotes osteoblast differentiation and activates Wnt signaling in dexamethasone-challenged osteoblasts.
A research team at DGIST developed a Direct Optical Lithography (DOL) technology that patterns Quantum Dots (QDs) at ultra-high resolution, improving color reproduction and device performance. The technology achieved 2 μm patterning with excellent precision and stability.
A new luteolin nanomedicine is designed to deliver the fat-clearing compound precisely to atherosclerotic plaques, boosting fat clearance and improving artery stability. The treatment reduces plaque size, lipid burden, and inflammation, making it more stable and reducing the risk of rupture.
A study by Carnegie Mellon University found that gradually releasing TV shows increases consumer engagement and subscription rates. Participants in the gradual-release group were 48% more likely to continue using the platform than those in the all-at-once release group, leading to increased subscription retention.
The Gabriella Miller Kids First Pediatric Research Program has released its 36th study, introducing significant new data updates to two existing studies. These advances aim to uncover the genetic foundations of childhood cancers and congenital conditions. With over 110,000 data files available, researchers can explore publicly accessib...
A large-scale study led by New York University found that children receiving biofeedback speech therapy improved their 'r' sound pronunciation at a much faster rate than traditional methods. This technology-enhanced treatment approach uses visual feedback to improve speech, making it easier for children to adjust and reducing frustration.