Two UCLA-led studies reveal features of effective immune responses in glioblastoma and introduce a preclinical model that more closely mirrors the human disease. Long-term survivors showed evidence of a stronger immune response within their tumors, offering important clues for developing treatments.
Natalia Berloff and Mikhail Epstein have been awarded the 2026 George Gamow Prize for their pioneering work in quantum hydrodynamics and Russian postmodernism. Their research has been recognized for its potential to bridge disciplines and transform various fields, including physics, mathematics, and humanities.
A phase IIIb trial found that PL-5 spray improved healing in infected burn wounds, with higher complete healing and bacterial control compared to placebo. The study enrolled 348 adults and tested the spray's efficacy in reducing wound closure and bacterial clearance.
Scientists at MIT have created a new method to reprogram natural killer immune cells to target diseased T cells, offering promise against diseases like lymphoma and autoimmune hepatitis. The technique uses lipid nanoparticles to deliver messenger RNA to NK cells, which are then programmed to seek and destroy dysfunctional T cells.
The new device addresses the challenge of revealing structural details in transparent biological specimens by combining a polarization-sensitive metalens with a voltage-controlled liquid crystal cell. This produces edge-enhanced images directly through the optical system, without digital post-processing.
Researchers at Mount Sinai develop Vaccine Immunoengineering for Targeted Antigen Presentation and Layered Control (VITAL) to create improved vaccines against respiratory pathogens. The program aims to explore new strategies for generating long-lasting immune protection against a range of virus variants.
Researchers have developed tiny 3D-printed structures that can be integrated onto optical fiber tips, enabling powerful imaging and sensing capabilities. The structures can be fabricated using femtosecond laser 3D printing, offering high spatial precision and true 3D design freedom.
Dr. David Polly Jr. is honored for his decades-long contributions to patient care, research, and education in spine surgery. His work has improved outcomes for children with complex spinal conditions, and he has mentored the next generation of physicians.
A new study published in Hernia examined 39 robotic hernia repairs, with most patients returning home after one day and no hernias recurring during follow-up. Robotic technology enables greater precision and flexibility, making complex operations less invasive and more effective.
The article reviews the development of laser-induced phase transition (LIPT) in 2D materials, highlighting microscopic mechanisms, regulation strategies, and cutting-edge applications. LIPT offers high spatial resolution and precise phase engineering, overcoming limitations of traditional methods.
Halide perovskite metasurfaces combine precise light control with active optoelectronic responses, enabling next-generation optical devices. The new material route provides strong light absorption, high luminescence efficiency, and tunable bandgaps, making them ideal for displays, lasers, photodetection, and integrated photonic systems.
Researchers propose a voluntary program that targets waitlisted candidates aged 65 or older with 'marginal' kidneys, prioritizing them over younger patients. The redesign aims to improve access to harder-to-place kidneys, potentially preventing over 190 deaths annually.
Researchers have developed a mask-free femtosecond laser direct writing method for producing dense copper micropatterns with fine feature sizes and high electrical conductivity on flexible and curved surfaces. The method is well-suited for customized manufacturing and simplifies the fabrication of electronic devices.
Recent advances in optical comb technologies for molecular spectroscopy have expanded spectral coverage and sensitivity in mid-infrared and terahertz regions. These developments have improved system miniaturization, integration and enabled compact spectrometers for various applications.
The article reviews optical packaging methods for photonic integrated circuits (PICs), with two-photon polymerization (TPP) and self-written waveguides (SWW) showing promising results. TPP achieves low insertion loss and high sensitivity, while SWW offers a lower-cost alternative with flexible manufacturing capabilities.
Researchers at Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center found that chronic stress during pregnancy changes how the placenta communicates with the developing fetus, affecting early brain development. Prenatal stress alters placental signaling and opposes maternal immune activation effects in the fetal brain.
A KAIST research team developed a technology to precisely control the location of nucleation in 2D semiconductor crystals, allowing for deterministic growth at desired positions. This approach enables high-quality semiconductors directly at the required positions on a chip, reducing grain boundaries and improving semiconductor quality.
Mammalian cells produce and store cyclo-octasulfur, a stable form of elemental sulfur, to protect tissues from lipid damage and oxidative stress. S₈ levels are found to be higher in cancerous breast tissues, suggesting a potential role in breast cancer prevention.
A new labeling tool has revealed hexokinase-1 as a G-quadruplex binding protein, which may connect metabolism and gene regulation. The method, developed by Tohoku University researchers, overcomes previous limitations and captures unexpected protein interactions.
A UCLA-led team will investigate how Zika virus damages the developing eye and explore potential treatments with a $2.7 million NIH grant. They will use lab-grown retinal pigment epithelium cells, mini retinas, and newborn mouse models to examine protein interactions and test promising compounds.
The soft robotic fish achieves high-speed swimming and 3D maneuverability by combining electrohydraulic propulsion with dynamic buoyancy regulation. It sets a new speed record for soft robotic fish using body-caudal-fin propulsion, reaching 2.13 body lengths per second.
Researchers created a 3D map of rice development, identifying 119 cell types and 133 subtypes across different organs and stages. The study reveals the pleiotropic master regulator OsARF1 and its regulatory networks, as well as widespread asymmetric gene expression guiding tissue patterning and resource distribution.
Repeating weight loss and gain increases the risk of obesity in people of normal weight, particularly those with a predisposition. In contrast, individuals with obesity experience minor or no negative effects on weight and body composition. Future studies should investigate the long-term effects of weight cycling in both groups.
Researchers used a 3D silk matrix model to study human primary kidney stem cells and found that aging increases susceptibility to tenofovir-induced mitochondrial toxicity, oxidative stress, senescence, and apoptosis. Tenofovir was more toxic to older cells, causing mitochondrial damage and functional injury.
Japan has seen substantial reductions in HBV- and HCV-related disease burden and hepatocellular carcinoma mortality thanks to sustained national control measures. The prevalence of HBV and HCV has fallen drastically across Japan, with a significant shift in the relative distribution of liver cancer causes.
A new AI-driven platform allows patients to interact with their medical devices in real-time, enabling them to ask questions, report symptoms, and receive personalized alerts. The platform has been shown to improve seizure detection and provide valuable insights into patient behavior and disease management.
A new climate model suggests that reaching net zero sooner would limit long-lasting changes to El Niño and the tropical Pacific. Stopping emissions would not immediately reverse all the changes already set in motion, but rather, changes to ocean temperatures, winds, and rainfall patterns could endure for hundreds of years.
Researchers developed a hybrid AI model that combines physical driving laws with individual human behavior patterns to improve vehicle movement predictions. The model, CPIDLM, reduces distance prediction errors by 16.7% compared to existing methods, providing a more reliable foundation for autonomous vehicles.
Researchers develop COIN, a collaborative interaction-aware reinforcement learning framework for multi-agent self-driving systems, to improve safety and efficiency in complex traffic scenarios. The framework achieves promising results in various evaluations, demonstrating its potential for safer and more efficient autonomous driving.
During menopause, women are at greater risk for heart disease and stroke, making it crucial to focus on health before and during the transition. Healthcare professionals recommend discussing concerns with a healthcare team and taking proactive steps to protect cardiovascular health.
Researchers have developed a method to generate customizable virtual road networks with adjustable complexity, preserving real-world road features. The approach enables faster identification of functional defects and performance boundaries in autonomous vehicles.
Found-RL integrates vision-language models into reinforcement learning for autonomous driving, achieving competitive driving performance while maintaining real-time policy inference. The platform allows large foundation models to provide semantic feedback without slowing down high-frequency simulation training.
Insilico Medicine has nominated ISM9546, an orally bioavailable VAV1 degrader, as a potential treatment for autoimmune diseases. The compound has shown sub-nanomolar VAV1 degradation potency and robust efficacy in preclinical studies.
A hierarchical risk-filtering safety assurance framework has been proposed to address AI-driven autonomous driving safety challenges. The framework uses a four-category assessment metric system and layered safety strategies to improve operation safety.
Researchers found China VI trucks can significantly reduce NOx and particle number emissions, but some vehicles still produce high emissions under real driving conditions. After-treatment systems, such as SCR and EGR, play crucial roles in emission control, but their performance varies under different conditions.
Researchers found an unusual bacterial immune system that operates in reverse of known defenses, providing a molecular blueprint to engineer more efficient DNA-editing tools. The unique system, known as type VI retrons, triggers self-destruction to protect the bacterial colony from phages, but also has potential applications in rewriti...
A new analysis of nearly half a million cells from dozens of pancreatic tumors reveals how tumor evolution, subtype transitions, and microenvironment interactions shape the disease. Genetic reconfiguration within a tumor enables cancer cells to transition between subtypes, making them more vulnerable to immune attack.
A five-year research program will explore new ways to understand and control light in complex environments, helping launch a new chapter for UCF's Townes Laser Institute. The program combines traditionally separate fields to investigate systems capable of characterizing and adapting to a complex optical environment.
A new species, Dianjunus rex, has been discovered in Chinese forests, producing vertical fruiting bodies up to 50 cm high and weighing up to 2.2 kg. The fungus represents a new family, Dianjunaceae, which arose around 65 million years ago, shortly after the mass extinction of the dinosaurs.
Bruce Arians, a renowned coach and mentor, has been selected for the 2027 Paul 'Bear' Bryant Heart of a Champion Award. The American Heart Association honors his exceptional contributions to college football and the community, recognizing his resilience and commitment to helping others.
A new study found that children living in areas with higher levels of lithium in drinking water were more likely to be diagnosed with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, a rare heart condition. Lithium levels in California were associated with a 71% greater odds of diagnosis compared to lower levels.
A recent FAU study found that Hawaiian corals respond differently to ocean heat, with thermal tolerance varying among species and environmental conditions. The study reveals that some corals, such as P. compressa from cooler waters, exhibit higher thermal tolerance than others, like M. capitata from warmer environments.
Researchers developed an AI model, SPACER, that analyzes gene activity to understand immune cell recruitment to tumors. The tool reveals that local signals attract immune cells and mucins create physical barriers to keep them away, with potential implications for cancer therapies and autoimmune disorders.
Researchers from Waseda University successfully controlled the motion of magnetic skyrmions using optical skyrmions, a topological pattern in light. The study provides a new framework for controlling magnetic skyrmions with light, opening routes for optomagnonics and spintronics technologies.
Researchers have developed a human stem-cell model that recreates early immune-cell development and shows how a single progenitor population can give rise to specialized macrophages across different organs. The model provides a platform to study how these processes change in disease, and how they might eventually be harnessed therapeut...
Researchers developed a new model that accounts for age-related changes in color vision, guiding lighting designs that make it easier for older adults to perceive colors. The model estimated how easily a person would distinguish similar colors based on illumination light's spectrum and age-adjusted sensitivities of the eye's three cone...
The agreement enables participating institutions to publish open access in Frontiers' full journal portfolio without individual author costs, streamlining budget planning and reducing administrative burdens. Institutions can join the agreement before the end of 2026, with early joiners gaining access to FAIR² Data Management offering.
The study found that disrupting PLA2G15 reduced stress-induced cellular senescence in mouse kidney cells while altering the composition of phospholipids involved in lysosomal function. This suggests a possible connection between lipid metabolism, mitochondrial pathways, and kidney aging.
This theme issue explores innovative research on engagement as a primary outcome, investigating psychosocial factors, novel measurement strategies, and real-world innovations. JMIR Publications seeks research that contributes to the field's evolving understanding of engagement to build more sustainable, user-centered health technologies.
A Southwest Research Institute (SwRI)-led team has developed an improved model for predicting solar events by incorporating activity on the far side of the Sun. The new model provides a more accurate map of the entire surface of the Sun, helping scientists to better understand and forecast solar activity.
Researchers found that bacteria species can thrive in copper-rich environments, with some species resistant to copper concentrations above 70 milligrams per liter. The study aims to target molecular pathways that help bacteria express copper-resistant genes to develop more effective antifouling coatings.
A new study found that a consumer smartwatch can accurately identify adults with moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea, with a 94% accuracy rate. The Samsung Galaxy Watch demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity, making it a potential screening tool for this common sleep disorder.
Researchers identified three key particles that contribute to heart disease risk after 'bad' cholesterol is lowered, including triglyceride-rich lipoprotein and lipoprotein(a). The study suggests that measuring or targeting these particles may improve prevention alongside existing treatments.
Researchers found that specific combinations of TP53 and CDKN2A mutations activate cGAS-STING-mediated immunity, delaying oral cancer progression. The immune activation was associated with delayed progression to invasive oral cancer.
A study by UNIGE scientists shows that a vegan diet can alter liver metabolism within days, affecting glucose production and ammonia elimination. The discovery highlights the pivotal role of the GDH enzyme in regulating these processes.
Researchers developed a method to adapt adult-trained AI models for pediatric use, addressing critical gaps in medical AI for children. The method, trained on adult data, outperformed adult models trained on pediatric data from a single hospital at 29 of 30 sites, even when tested on new images.
A recent study by Virginia Tech found that the Upper Basin is experiencing rapid groundwater losses, with surface-water shortages increasingly affecting groundwater as well. Groundwater depletion in the Upper Basin accelerated after 2019, with a loss of approximately 4.6 trillion gallons during the 2020-2022 drought.
A new study by Ohio State University researchers found that 'internal focalization' in literature can promote forgiveness of both fictional and real-life characters. By giving readers access to a character's inner thoughts, this technique elicits empathy and forgiveness, suggesting stories may be a prescription for better emotional hea...
Researchers developed a new AI search framework, CMS-NAS, to predict epileptic seizures with improved accuracy and efficiency. The framework balances prediction performance and model size, achieving state-of-the-art results on public datasets.
A study by UMass Amherst finds that women are 37% more likely to be promoted to CEO in companies with separate divisions, where their results are measurable and comparable to other executives. This structural change may help address the significant gender gap in CEO positions, currently holding women to less than 10% of top jobs.