The study found that Ct-HBx upregulates PAI-1 by opening chromatin and trans-activating its expression, increasing hepatocellular carcinoma risk and prognosis. PAI-1 levels and genetic polymorphisms serve as biomarkers for predicting HCC risk and postoperative prognosis.
The NSF has renewed the Quantum Leap Challenge Institute for Quantum Sensing for Biophysics and Bioengineering with a $37.5 million investment to advance quantum sensing technologies. This will enable the development of robust tools for investigating biological systems.
Researchers have found a reliable alternative to bone marrow sampling for children with rhabdomyosarcoma, using PET scans to detect bone marrow involvement with high accuracy. This approach could spare patients from painful procedures and improve diagnostic practices.
A study found that relocating turtle nests to cooler areas can produce mostly female hatchlings and reduce hatching success, while shading also affects hatchling size and ability to right themselves. Researchers aim to understand the factors affecting hatchling development to improve conservation strategies
A new study found that standard memory tests, such as word-pair or list-learning tests, may fail to detect the real-life memory problems reported by many female breast cancer survivors after chemotherapy. Story-based tests, on the other hand, revealed significant memory difficulties in these women.
The Galápagos snapdragon has shown encouraging signs of recovery thanks to a long-term partnership between the Charles Darwin Foundation and the Galápagos National Park Directorate. The project successfully outplanted 94 nursery-grown shrubs into harsh volcanic landscapes, with 28 adult plants established across two restoration sites.
PCORI awards funding for new patient-centered comparative clinical effectiveness research, addressing key healthcare questions and generating evidence for better-informed decisions. The projects will focus on emergency, hospital, and surgical care, as well as mental and behavioral health, to improve health outcomes.
Researchers at Kyushu University found a new molecular pathway that explains why intraocular pressure increases at night. Norepinephrine increases RHOB in the eye's drainage system, weakening its
A large NIH study found no link between prenatal organophosphate pesticide exposure and autism-related traits in children. Despite earlier studies suggesting cognitive challenges and ADHD, the study's findings indicate these pesticides may not be associated with autism-related traits at relatively low exposure levels.
Researchers discovered that gecko skin's nanoscopic hairs, called setulae, trap air and retain water, reducing evaporation and helping lizards survive in dry environments. The study used computational models to evaluate the effects of the hairs on water loss, finding a reduction in evaporation intensity.
Researchers at NYU Abu Dhabi have developed a biodegradable, 3D-printed gastric stent that improves treatment for gastric leaks and doubles drainage performance, potentially eliminating the need for repeat procedures. The new device combines an internal lattice design with biodegradable materials, safely breaking down after treatment.
UCSF scientists have invented a way to treat cancer with teacher cells and tumor pieces, combining immune cells grown in the lab with patient tumor samples. The method uses dendritic cells to train T cells to recognize and destroy cancer cells, offering a promising approach to immunotherapy.
A supported transition from obstetric care to postpartum primary care was associated with greater use of primary care-provided mental health services among pregnant and postpartum individuals with anxiety or depression. This low-cost intervention may facilitate ongoing access to mental health care supports and treatments beyond the imm...
The study proposes an electric ignition scheme for ADN-based thrusters, eliminating the need for catalysts and preheating, and achieving rapid cold-start ignition. The results show that the thruster achieves stable combustion at room temperature, with optimal ignition voltage identified as 80 V.
A new open-source platform, PAMP, enables high-resolution morphological profiling of industrial fungi throughout their life cycle, uncovering quantitative relationships between fungal architecture and fermentation performance. The platform reveals that peripheral architectural features strongly influence citric acid production.
Researchers found that envy plays a greater role when resources are allocated through majority voting than individual decisions. Participants preferred to reduce the other person's allocation, even though they received no additional money, indicating a preference for envy over greed. The study also found that voting influences particip...
In Nigeria, ethnopharmacology played a culturally important role in the COVID-19 response, with some remedies showing promise, such as IHP Detox Tea and Niprimum, but high-quality RCT data are limited and IP laws inadequately protect traditional knowledge.
Researchers at SwRI will use a plasma reactor to convert waste CO2 into solid carbon for a domestic graphite supply, reducing reliance on foreign imports. The team aims to produce graphite through a process that involves tuning the CO2 molecule to remove oxygen atoms and solidify into carbon allotropes.
A 6-month study of 5132 MyNetDiary users found that consistent food-tracking, even with fewer than 2 days per week, is associated with better weight loss outcomes. Users who tracked food 6-7 days per week lost an average of 11.33% of their body weight, while those who tracked only 2-3 days per week lost 7.35%.
A study by the University of Queensland suggests that urban parks lack vital midstorey vegetation, which is essential for small animals and birds. The researchers propose designing parks with denser, midstorey vegetation to improve the quality of urban green space and support wildlife, while also promoting community wellbeing.
A two-year study enrolling up to 300 participants on Martha's Vineyard will investigate who develops alpha-gal syndrome and why, as well as its impact on daily life and healthcare use. The study aims to identify immune and demographic factors that influence risk and inform diagnosis, prevention, and treatment approaches.
UVA researchers James Stone and Matthew Panzer contributed to the NATO guidelines, which provide practical recommendations to protect service members from blast-related brain injuries. The guidelines aim to reduce soldiers' risk of suffering blast-related brain injuries by balancing immediate protection with a roadmap for future research.
Researchers analyzed studies of schizophrenia spectrum disorders and mood disorders, finding distinct patterns of innate immune activity. TLR4, TLR8, and TLR10 were increased in schizophrenia, while TLR2, TLR5, and TLR6 were increased in mood disorders, indicating partially distinct mechanisms of innate immune activation.
A new corrosion detection algorithm uses just three spectral bands and a texture feature to accurately detect surface and subsurface corrosion on metal surfaces. The algorithm achieved accuracies above 90% in detecting corrosion across various coatings and colors, offering a cost-effective and safe solution for monitoring metal integrity.
A new analysis found that none of the certification programs for personal care products require laboratory testing, relying on ingredient lists and paperwork instead. This approach cannot catch contaminants or impurities that may be present in the product.
Scientists have discovered that prolonged exposure to high humidity can break down glow-in-the-dark pigments, highlighting the importance of proper storage and exhibition conditions. The research aims to develop longer-lasting phosphorescent materials for various applications, including fashion and safety.
A new study led by Northwestern University reveals that loneliness can reprogram the brain to drive alcohol consumption in males, but suppress it in females. The study identified a specific brain circuit that explains how social isolation escalates alcohol use in males, marking a major advance for the field.
Researchers from the University of Osaka have developed a prediction framework that rapidly evaluates promising quantum materials without sacrificing accuracy. The framework enables the evaluation of optical losses using simplified theoretical expressions, making searches much more tractable.
Researchers developed a new technique to estimate tides at the scale of individual beaches, revealing significant variations between beaches. This approach uses satellite images of shorelines to measure tidal patterns, enabling more accurate predictions of tide levels and coastal flooding risk.
Researchers have developed an electrically powered plasma heating method to produce cement without burning fossil fuels, reducing carbon emissions by nearly 100 times. The new method lowers waste heat and introduces nanoscale defects that improve the strength of cement.
A study by Mass General Brigham, Boston University, and the Concussion & CTE Foundation found that at least 1-in-4 former NFL players who died between 2016 and 2021 had chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), with 61.3% of NFL donors with CTE meeting clinical criteria for dementia. The study also found that dementia was common among br...
Research suggests that dysfunctional brain cells can contribute to cognitive decline by altering nerve fibers and myelin. The study found that reducing NRF2 activity in these cells can lead to changes in myelin and nerve fibers associated with cognitive decline.
Researchers developed a multi-scale monitoring framework to detect ground settlement in urban metro corridors. The framework integrates InSAR, laser scanning, and ground penetrating radar to provide a comprehensive assessment of settlement and its underlying causes.
A new study from the University of British Columbia finds that AI cannot replace traditional language learning, but a hybrid approach combining corpora and AI can be effective. The study suggests that educators use AI to verify student answers and improve accuracy, while still relying on traditional corpora for teaching collocations.
Professor Lundström's patented electrochemical method recovers metals from ores and recycled materials, reducing chemical dependency and enabling green electricity use. Her work, including the Electrodeposition-Redox Replacement technique, supports a competitive EU green transition and sustainable metal production.
Researchers uncover novel physics in magnetic skyrmions' asymmetric diffusion in structured environments, enabling nonlinear, geometry-controlled information processing. The study reveals a new principle for controlling thermal diffusion using topology and geometry.
A new study published in The BMJ found that nearly a quarter of former NFL players who died from 2016 to 2021 had confirmed CTE, with stage IV CTE linked to symptoms typical of dementia. The study provides one of the most informative estimates to date of CTE burden among former NFL players.
A new blood test detects Alzheimer's disease using plasma amyloid-β seeding activity, achieving a diagnostic accuracy exceeding 90% in the validation cohort. The test uses real-time ultrasonic protein misfolding cyclic amplification technology, marking a critical transition in AD diagnosis.
A new workflow allows ecologists to quantify individual animal habitat specialisation, niche breadth, and repeatability, providing a more accurate picture of wild population dynamics. This has real implications for conservation, enabling researchers to move beyond population averages toward more targeted conservation methods.
Exposure to drought during pregnancy is associated with a higher risk of preterm birth and, when persistent, with a greater likelihood of the baby being small for gestational age. The study analyzed nearly 30 million births in Brazil, showing a 2% relative increase in preterm birth likelihood across analyzed time scales.
Researchers found that 21 leading open-weight AI models can be modified to bypass safety protections, raising concerns about mass disinformation campaigns and hazardous chemical production. The study's lead author notes that the weaknesses may not be unique to open models, highlighting the need for stronger security systems.
A review in Brain Medicine argues that industrialization changed sleep timing and regularity, not duration, with hunter-gatherers sleeping between 6.4 and 7.1 hours a night, less than the industrialized average. The distinction matters, as it highlights the importance of timing and regularity in sleep patterns.
Research reveals surprisingly diverse diets of premodern commoners in Osaka, including luxury fish and products from distant regions. Dental calculus proteomics analysis identified 38 dietary proteins from 17 taxa, showing that urban commoners had access to a wide range of foods beyond traditional stable isotope analysis.
A new study published in Humanities and Social Sciences Communications found that animation is more effective than text or comics in motivating people to adopt preventive health behaviors. The study, led by researchers at National Sun Yat-sen University, used an original educational series to demonstrate the power of animation in trans...
A five-university Japan-Taiwan research consortium is developing core technologies for circularly polarized organic light-emitting diodes (CP-OLEDs), a type of next-generation semiconductor optical device. The project aims to accelerate breakthroughs in circularly polarized light emission technology.
Physicists at Osaka Metropolitan University have performed a full calculation within Glauber theory, overcoming computational challenges to accurately reproduce experimental data. The results demonstrate that the full Glauber calculation can provide a reliable framework for predicting nuclear collision outcomes.
Researchers at Princeton University have created a semiconductor that can change its properties in response to light, enabling the creation of energy-efficient sensors and computing technologies. This breakthrough material is just a few molecules thick and can be programmed, erased, and reprogrammed with light.
Northern spotted owl populations are approaching functional extinction across the Pacific Northwest, with AI-powered monitoring identifying critical habitats and ecological threats. The study highlights the need for targeted conservation strategies, including barred owl removal and habitat conservation, to prevent further decline.
A narrative review identifies five unique clinical phenotypes for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, guiding tailored patient care. The review highlights the importance of matching therapy to patient clinical profile for improved outcomes.
Researchers used AI to predict genes leading to hematopoietic stem cell aging, finding a regulatory hub in the form of gene-regulating factor Pbx1. Aged stem cells activate two gene programs, one preserving immaturity and the other preparing cells for platelet production.
Researchers at Paul Scherrer Institute PSI have successfully generated first positrons for the Future Circular Collider, a proposed 91-km particle accelerator. The positron source, developed to meet the collider's demanding requirements, uses a compact high-temperature superconducting magnet to capture positrons and create a tight beam.
A study of 2,400 women found that high folic acid intake was associated with vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy, especially in pregnancies carrying a boy. Women taking 800 micrograms or more of folic acid per day were more likely to experience spotting and mild bleeding during the first 16 weeks of pregnancy.
A dual-functional single-crystalline layer improves OLED stability by serving as both a stable hole-transporting layer and an effective barrier layer, enhancing device performance and lifetime. The optimized layer demonstrates superior thermal, morphological, and electrochemical stability.
Researchers found that CHD8 mutation causes abnormal differentiation of ventral progenitor cells, leading to autistic-like behavior in mice. This study reveals the role of CHD8 in brain development and paves the way for new therapeutic strategies targeting specific neurodevelopmental stages or cell types.
Researchers reconstructed the ancestral karyotype of the banana family, revealing a stepwise reduction in chromosome numbers from 17 to 9–11. The study also linked chromosome structural evolution to bract color differentiation, providing insights into the genetic regulation of ornamental banana coloration.
Researchers discovered nitrate reductase plays a crucial role in regulating nitrogen-responsive nodulation, balancing costs and benefits of symbiosis according to nitrogen availability. The enzyme maintains internal nitrate levels, preventing excessive nitrate accumulation and suppressing root nodule formation.
Researchers developed a bioinspired lipid nanoparticle that delivered gene-editing machinery to the liver, reducing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol by over 20% and showing fewer signs of inflammation and toxicity. The nanoparticles also demonstrated positive effects on inflammation and healthy blood flow in cell experiments.
Amino acid sensors play a crucial role in regulating tumor biology by linking nutrient availability to tumor adaptation and immune evasion. Targeting these sensing pathways may expose metabolic vulnerabilities and provide new opportunities for combination cancer therapy.
SourceELSP·JournalAdvanced Cancer Research·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 24, 2026
Researchers developed a system using a 3D time-of-flight camera to measure frozen skipjack tuna, capturing dense 3D point-cloud data for accurate body size and weight estimation. The combination of 3D imaging and machine learning analysis yielded accurate noncontact estimates of fish body weight.
A global forest study found that trees do not substantially alter their physiological traits to cope with prolonged drought. However, maintaining physiological capacity may allow trees to maximize carbon assimilation during favorable periods, while narrowing hydraulic safety margins pose a threat.