A study of 3,910 former college athletes found that those with three or more concussions had worse physical, mental, and cognitive health five years after graduation. Athletes with one to two concussions also showed signs of psychological distress, anxiety, and depression.
A new study by researchers from the University of Illinois has shown that bonneted bats can be lured to and inhabit safer bat boxes, which mimic their natural roosts and maintain a stable thermal environment. The study found that the external water jacket in the boxes provides a safer temperature for the bats, and that long-term follow...
A recent study by the Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies reveals a concerning trend of ticks carrying multiple pathogens in the US Northeast. More than 1 in 10 nymphal ticks tested positive for at least two disease-causing pathogens, with co-infection rates approaching 11% for Lyme disease and babesiosis. This increase in co-infection...
Researchers have confirmed the Standard Model of particle physics with unprecedented accuracy, solving the proton radius puzzle and verifying predictions up to the 13th decimal place. The new results set a new benchmark in measuring the energy levels of hydrogen atoms.
The American Academy of Neurology provides guidance on the use of wearable devices for neurological care, highlighting their benefits and limitations. Wearable devices can serve as screening tools for heart rate and cardiac arrhythmia, and can be helpful in disease management for epilepsy, but their use also carries risks and limitations.
Scientists have identified specific proteins in common food sources like corn, soy, and wheat that signal to the immune system that they are safe to eat. Regulatory T cells, also known as Tregs, play a key role in this process, scanning food for these key proteins and calming the immune system when they find them.
Researchers developed a phosphorus-modified biochar that can simultaneously immobilize harmful metals and enhance soil fertility. The material showed remarkable adsorption capacity for lead and cadmium, with potential applications in soil remediation and sustainable agriculture.
Research reveals that aging significantly alters the electron transfer behavior of pyrogenic carbon in soils and environments, with some materials becoming more electron-conductive while others become less so. These changes can influence nutrient cycling, pollutant degradation, and microbial processes in environmental systems.
Researchers found that female mosquitofish resistance, not just mating choice, drives behavioral isolation and speciation. Female aggression is a key factor in reducing fertilization success, leading to reproductive isolation between populations with different ecological environments.
A large E. coli outbreak in Calgary daycare centers resulted in 285 children becoming infected, with daily laboratory monitoring and treating dehydration preventing complications and potentially saving lives. The study found that this approach reduced the number of children who developed life-threatening hemolytic uremic syndrome.
New study evaluates two prominent AI global weather models, finding they excel at forecasting storm tracks but struggle to reproduce realistic wind patterns and storm intensity. The researchers emphasize the need for bias corrections and interpretation to improve AI forecasting accuracy.
Researchers create polymer heat exchanger with 2-4 times more cooling capacity per dollar than metal versions, offering a cost-effective and scalable solution for industries. The design's deployable nature makes it ideal for space missions, drones, and compact electronics.
LMU Munich has been reaffirmed as a University of Excellence, solidifying its position as one of Europe's leading research universities. The institution's seven Clusters of Excellence, including a new humanities cluster, demonstrate its exceptional academic strength. With a focus on interdisciplinary research and collaboration, LMU aim...
The Butantan-DV dengue vaccine, developed in Brazil, shows 80.5% effectiveness against severe cases over five years, with no hospitalizations in the vaccinated group. The vaccine was 65% effective in preventing symptomatic dengue during the five-year monitoring period.
Researchers discover a potential chemotherapy agent that causes cancer cells to release signals similar to those released by infected cells, triggering an immune response. This finding could lead to a new approach in cancer treatment, using lower doses of chemotherapy drugs to recruit the immune system as an ally.
A multidisciplinary team proposes three principles for responsible authorship: transparency, credit, and accountability. The guidelines aim to address issues like gift or honorific authorship, ghost authorship, and coercive authorship, and promote a culture of trustworthiness in science.
The Harvard researchers' new device is elegantly designed to be tunable, with a bilayer design that becomes geometrically chiral and able to 'read' chiral light. By using the MEMS device to continuously vary the twist angle and interlayer spacing, the team showed they could tune the device's intrinsic ability to read different chiral l...
Scientists discovered that howler monkeys began eating leaves 13 million years ago, causing them to evolve larger body sizes and occupy a unique ecological niche. The analysis of two jaw fossils provides key information about the diet, body size, and biodiversity of these ancient monkeys.
A team of astronomers has detected rare evidence of two planets colliding, which could provide valuable insights into the formation of our solar system. The unlikely event was observed in a distant star, Gaia20ehk, which was found to have massive amounts of rocks and dust passing in front of it, blocking its light.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg have identified a protein, ATF4, linked to increased metastasis and recurrence in lung cancer. The study reveals that older individuals' tumors are smaller and grow more slowly, yet more likely to have spread when detected.
The Human Organ Atlas offers detailed 3D images of human organs, enabling interactive exploration and understanding of human anatomy and diseases. The atlas, built using advanced imaging techniques, provides insights into various health conditions, including COVID-19, cardiac disorders, and gynecological disorders.
Researchers found that bonobos and chimpanzees exhibit similar levels of aggression in zoos, contradicting their differing reputations. The study suggests that aggression levels vary within each species, with some groups displaying higher aggression, and that environmental factors may play a role in shaping their behavior.
A 3D-printed robotic rattlesnake triggered an avoidance response in zoo animals, particularly those sharing distribution with rattlers. The study found that the multimodal display of rattlesnakes is an effective deterring signal that works best with sympatric species.
A new study reveals that NFAT controls uterine natural killer cells, which guide embryo implantation and placental growth. The findings offer fresh insight into preeclampsia, implantation failure, and inadequate placental blood flow, potentially benefiting all pregnant patients.
A recent study found that coral reefs in Moorea are struggling to recover from bleaching events due to the presence of algae encrusting dead coral skeletons. The algae, particularly Lobophora variegata, are stabilizing the dead corals, making it difficult for juvenile corals to establish themselves and rebuild the reef.
Researchers found that dual-positive cells, a type of circulating tumor cell, are associated with shorter survival times and increased risk of metastasis in patients with advanced breast cancer. The study highlights the potential importance of these under-studied cells in breast cancer progression.
A study published in PLOS One found that humans can recognize and mimic emotional expressions of non-human primates, indicating a strong empathetic response. The researchers assessed facial expressions and emotional states of participants, revealing a strong connection between humans and non-human primates
Researchers engineered a 3D-printed robotic rattlesnake to test how 38 zoo animals responded to rattling behavior. The study found that the rattling display functions as an effective deterrent, with species sharing natural geographic range with rattlesnakes exhibiting stronger fear responses.
Researchers at Cornell University found that AI writing tools can shift users' attitudes on societal issues, even when they're aware of the bias. The study involved over 2,500 participants who used biased AI writing assistants and saw their views gravitate toward the AI's positions.
Research analyzes news articles on childlessness, identifying themes that perpetuate stigma and structural imbalances, highlighting the need for media literacy initiatives and equitable health communication
A study analyzing US household data found that women's higher poverty rates reflect their differing circumstances, including higher childcare responsibilities and poorer health. Factors such as employment, education, and age also influenced poverty risk, but women saw fewer benefits from employment.
Researchers have discovered a simple fix to boost mRNA delivery and CRISPR gene editing efficiency by adding three common amino acids to lipid nanoparticle injections, increasing delivery up to 20-fold and efficiency to nearly 90%.
A new study found racial and ethnic disparities in fatal police shootings vary widely between states, with some states having much wider disparities than others. Firearm ownership rates did not explain the disparities, suggesting other factors may be at play.
Researchers engineered nanoparticles that can educate the immune system to find and destroy disease-causing cells throughout the body. The nanoparticles were successful in depleting and destroying diseased immune cells in mice, with 95% of target B cells depleted in circulating blood within 24 hours.
Researchers at the University of British Columbia have identified genes and pathways responsible for plant recovery from environmental stress, including cold snaps and flooding. This discovery could lead to the creation of climate-resilient crops that can recover faster and more efficiently after climate events.
A new study warns that reduced international funding for tuberculosis services could lead to significant economic hardship for 40 million households globally, with the poorest households bearing the greatest burden. The study estimates that complete elimination of external funding for TB could cost families up to $80 billion annually.
Researchers discovered Marburg virus enters human cells up to 300 times more efficiently than Ebola, thanks to its unique entry protein. A nanobody has been identified to block its attachment to the receptor, providing a potential therapeutic strategy.
A new clinical diagnostic test using optical genome mapping (OGM) has been shown to detect additional genetic variants in nearly 20% of individuals with acute leukemia. OGM offers a comprehensive view of the genome, refining diagnosis and risk stratification, and improving therapy selection. The test's high diagnostic yield and ability...
A new study found that simple approaches to promoting physical activity, such as online or print-based advice, can increase activity by an average of one hour per week at a cost of less than one euro per participant. However, the study highlights a significant gap in measuring the costs and real-world impacts of such interventions.
Astronomers have confirmed the connection between magnetars and superluminous supernovae, finding definitive evidence for a magnetar forming in the core collapse of a recent supernova. The discovery corroborates a theory proposed 16 years ago and establishes a new phenomenon in exploding stars.
A new study found that MYC amplification in metastatic prostate cancer is associated with reduced tumor immunogenicity, making it harder for the immune system to detect and attack the tumor. This reduction in immunogenicity was linked to poorer progression-free survival outcomes in patients with MYC-amplified tumors.
Aging gut affects memory formation, new study reveals gut microbiome plays a critical role in cognitive decline, but altering gut-brain communication can reverse effects in mice
MIT researchers have developed a new photonic device that efficiently beams light into free space, enabling advanced displays, high-speed optical communications, and larger-scale quantum computers. The device uses an array of microscopic structures to project detailed, full-color images and precisely control quantum bits, paving the wa...
A new material, benzene-phosphonic acid (BPA), enables self-powered operation of smart sensors and wearables. The breakthrough technology reduces fabrication costs and promotes environmental sustainability.
A Weill Cornell Medicine study found that prior exposure to one flu strain can weaken children's ability to mount an effective antibody response against a different strain, a phenomenon known as immune imprinting. This can lead to reduced effectiveness of future vaccines and increased risk of severe illness.
The Global Coral Tech Transfer Project brings together SECORE International, Australian Institute of Marine Science, and FUNDEMAR to share coral breeding techniques and technologies for large-scale restoration. The partnership aims to create a comprehensive toolbox for boosting reef resilience worldwide.
The study's findings reveal the evolution of venom toxins in the golden lancehead, a venom-rich species isolated from its mainland counterparts. The genome sequencing data can inform conservation policies and potentially lead to the development of anticoagulant drugs or blood pressure-lowering treatments.
The partnership aims to demonstrate advanced microgrid capabilities with dynamic boundaries and networked microgrids, enhancing reliability for utility customers. EPB will add 58 megawatt hours of energy storage in five microgrids, providing backup power to over a thousand residential customers and community resources.
The Alliance trial explores the combination of zanubrutinib and sonrotoclax for CLL treatment, aiming to send cancer into remission and allow patients to stop treatment earlier. The study has the potential to be life-changing for patients and their families, reducing the burden of ongoing therapy and improving quality of life.
A team of international researchers led by a UC Santa Barbara graduate student has confirmed a long-standing theory of stellar death by applying the principles of general relativity to a superluminous supernova. The discovery suggests that a magnetar, a rapidly spinning neutron star with a massive magnetic field, powers the supernova, ...
Researchers discovered that the aging gastrointestinal tract produces specific molecules that blunt the activity of a key gut-brain neuronal pathway, leading to age-related cognitive decline. Stimulating specific gut sensory neurons and targeting the vagus nerve can restore youthful cognitive function in old mice, suggesting that brain...
The IP4OS project has launched a practice-oriented capacity-building programme to support Research Performing Organisations in applying IP and Open Science approach to Research Knowledge Valorisation. The programme equips institutions with tools and collaborative structures to translate IP-OS principles into sustainable practice.
A study found that babies who develop severe E. coli infections lack sufficient germ-fighting antibodies, which mothers transfer to their babies. The research suggests that these antibodies protect against infection, and developing a screening test to identify high-risk newborns could prevent severe illnesses.
A new study estimates that older adults with mild cognitive impairment or dementia develop new cardiovascular diagnoses requiring anticoagulant or thrombolytic therapy each year. This finding highlights the need for clinicians and families to weigh the potential benefits and risks of anti-amyloid treatments.
New research reveals that tumor cells in supratentorial ependymomas cluster into distinct neighborhoods, each with a specific role, such as proliferating or invading. Understanding these cell subtypes could help predict treatment response and inform targeted therapies for this aggressive childhood brain cancer.
A Norwegian University of Science and Technology study highlights seafarers' concerns about autonomous ships' technical safety, trust in technology, and crew competence. The researchers aim to ensure safer use of advanced technology and increase seafarers' trust in autonomy by addressing the challenges highlighted by the seafarers.
A new approach, called INSTALL, enables non-toxic DNA integration in multiple human cell types and successfully inserts large genetic payloads in mice, offering a promising solution for genetic therapies. The study's findings have the potential to broaden the applicability of genome editing therapies.
Sildenafil, an active ingredient in Viagra, shows promising effects in treating Leigh syndrome, a rare genetic disorder causing severe neurological and muscular symptoms. The drug improved muscular strength and neurological symptoms in patients, and also reduced metabolic crises.
Researchers created the most comprehensive single-cell atlas of epigenetic changes in the aging mouse brain, revealing how DNA methylation, genome structure, and gene activity change across brain regions and cell types. The atlas has already shown clear epigenetic differences between different age groups and allowed the development of ...
A study from Tulane University found that consuming more ultra-processed foods is linked to lower bone mineral density and a higher risk of hip fractures. The study involved over 160,000 participants and found that even small increases in ultra-processed food intake can increase the risk of hip fractures.