U-M scientists identified a genetic anomaly in the KRAS gene, known for its role in numerous cancers, that may promote tumor progression in a rare subset of prostate cancers. This finding suggests different subtypes of prostate cancer will need targeted treatment strategies.
A new study reveals a previously unrecognized link between tobacco smoking and altered DNA methylation of the coagulation factor II receptor-like 3 (F2RL3) gene, possibly identifying an early stage of smoking-associated cardiovascular pathology.
A study published in Nature reveals that Basic Yellow 1, a neurodegenerative marker, also has anti-aging properties in nematode worms. The compound extends lifespan by more than 50% and slows disease-like pathology in healthy worms.
Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine researchers have identified a new biomarker for sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD), a degenerative brain disease with no cure. The biomarker, transferrin, shows promise in early diagnosis and potential therapy development.
Researchers have identified a new biomarker for sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, which can accurately diagnose the condition in patients while they are still alive. The biomarker, transferrin, is significantly decreased in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with sCJD before the end stage of the disease.
A recent pathology study suggests that mifepristone could be a therapeutic option for women with severe uterine fibroid symptoms. The research confirms that the drug does not trigger cancerous lesions in the uterus, but rather causes benign changes such as fluid-filled glands and abnormal blood vessels.
Researchers have successfully imaged the three-dimensional structure of Salmonella's needle complex with unprecedented precision, shedding light on its deadly mechanism. By combining high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy and advanced imaging software, the team was able to generate a single sharp image from thousands of blurred ones.
A new non-surgical post-mortem technique uses minimally invasive targeted coronary angiography to determine the cause of death in up to 80% of cases. The technique is inexpensive, easy to use, and applicable to natural and unnatural deaths, offering a potential permanent change in autopsy practice.
A University of Michigan-led team has developed a potential game changer for pathologists using Spatially-Invariant Vector Quantization (SIVQ) to analyze digital images made from tissue slides. SIVQ can pinpoint cancer cells, calcifications and other critical features with high accuracy and speed.
The study reveals several new prostate cancer genes, including those disrupting tumor suppressor proteins and rearrangements that create new genes. These findings may provide insights into the disease's development and suggest potential diagnostic markers and new treatments for aggressive forms of prostate cancer.
Researchers develop molecular imaging procedure to detect beta-amyloid in brains of individuals with Alzheimer's disease, increasing clinical diagnosis accuracy. The study shows a correlation between florbetapir-PET images and presence and quantity of beta-amyloid pathology at autopsy.
A study published in The American Journal of Pathology found that mice fed a Western-style diet with high fat and cholesterol developed larger, faster-growing tumors and metastasized more easily. The researchers suggest that measuring blood cholesterol levels may be an effective method of screening cancer development.
Researchers from Kansas State University have identified three resistance genes in rice that can be mutated to build resistance against pathogens. They discovered these genes by studying how bacteria take over plant nutrients, providing insight into ways to reduce crop losses and develop new medicinal research avenues.
A new study finds that dendritic cells play a key role in amplifying autoimmune disease, specifically systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The research suggests that depleting dendritic cells may be a potential therapeutic strategy for treating SLE and potentially other autoimmune diseases.
A new approach called context-dependent assembly enables the rapid generation of powerful zinc-finger nucleases, which can efficiently correct gene mutations in humans. This innovation allows researchers to design ZFNs for specific genes with ease, overcoming limitations of previous methods.
Researchers have discovered MIC-1 as a regulator of angiogenesis, finding that it is present in high levels in 67% of melanoma patients. Targeting this protein can prevent blood vessel formation and decrease tumor development by up to 300%. This could lead to new therapeutic strategies for treating melanoma.
A new study identifies a previously unrecognized mutation in the valosin-containing protein (VCP) gene, which causes an inherited form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The research provides new insight into the disease's underlying pathology and validates the exome sequencing technique for identifying genetic causes.
Researchers found enzyme replacement therapy beginning at birth can eliminate almost all symptoms of mucopolysaccharidosis type I, a rare genetic disorder. Early treatment also showed significant improvements in brain pathology and reduced disease severity in animal models.
Weill Cornell Medical College researchers discovered secondary mutations in prostate cancer cells that make them lethal. This finding could lead to better tests and individualized therapy for deadly prostate cancers.
A team of researchers at Brown University found that the size of prion protein aggregates, not their number, determines their efficiency in spreading in yeast cells. The study suggests that controlling aggregate size may be a more effective strategy for developing treatments for prion infection and potentially other neurodegenerative d...
A team of scientists at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center discovered that the Rictor protein plays a key role in destroying a close cousin of the AKT oncogene, SGK1. This finding suggests that faulty regulation of Rictor may play a part in some forms of cancer and could offer new targets for treating the disease.
Demetrius H. Bagley, M.D., a renowned urologist and researcher at Thomas Jefferson University, has received the Karl Storz Lifetime Achievement Award in Endourology for his pioneering work in ureteroscopic management of upper tract pathology.
Researchers at the Hertie Institute of Clinical Brain Research have found that peripheral administration of misfolded protein fragments can induce Alzheimer's-like brain pathology in mice. This discovery provides new clues on the underlying mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease and may lead to new strategies for prevention and treatment.
UMMS researchers discovered a common link between familial ALS and sporadic ALS, suggesting that the SOD1 gene plays a role in both forms of the disease. The study found that an oxidized form of the SOD1 protein shared characteristics with the mutant SOD1 protein found in familial ALS.
The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics is published on behalf of the Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP) and the American Society for Investigative Pathology (ASIP). The journal publishes high-quality original papers on scientific advances in molecular diagnostics.
A UBC-CFRI study found elevated levels of Th17 cells in young patients with type 1 diabetes, suggesting a potential target for new therapies. The discovery may lead to innovative treatments for childhood diabetes.
Speech-language pathology researchers at the University of Missouri are studying Hindustani and classical singing styles to develop a treatment for laryngeal tremors. By understanding the physiology behind voluntary and involuntary pitch fluctuation, they aim to find a cure for this vocal disorder associated with neurological disorders.
A study published in Neurology found that mild memory changes are caused by brain lesions associated with Alzheimer's and other dementias, contradicting the long-held notion that age is a primary factor. The study involved over 350 participants and showed a rapid decline in cognitive function in the last four to five years of life.
Researchers found that NGP 555 selectively targets gamma secretase, reducing Aβ42 and amyloid pathology in a transgenic mouse model. Chronic administration led to significant reduction in diffuse and neuritic plaques without GI side effects.
A study has discovered that progerin, the protein responsible for Progeria, is present in the vasculature of the general population and increases with age. Researchers found that progerin levels in coronary arteries increased by an average of 3.3% per year between one month and 97 years.
Researchers have created a new animal model for rheumatoid arthritis that closely mimics the human disease. The KRN-CTM model exhibits chronic inflammation and cartilage damage similar to human cases.
A study by the University of South Florida found that the rheumatoid arthritis signaling protein GM-CSF reduces AD pathology and eliminates memory loss in mice. The researchers suggest that GM-CSF boosts immune cells to remove Alzheimer's plaques, improving memory decline.
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis researchers have developed a new methodology to improve identification of breast cancer tissue by pathology laboratories. Their work, recognized internationally, has been selected as the best scientific paper in the
Researchers at Boston University and VA have discovered a new disease, CTEM, that mimics ALS in athletes with repeated head trauma. The disease is characterized by abnormal tau protein deposits and TDP-43 pathology, which are also found in sporadic ALS cases.
The NYU Urothelial Biology Team has received a five-year, $8.2 million grant from the NIDDK to investigate bladder biology and diseases such as UTI. The team aims to understand how disease-causing bacteria interact with host urothelial cells, which is crucial for developing novel treatments for recurrent UTI and other urologic diseases.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have discovered a new sporadic prion protein disease, Variably protease-sensitive prionopathy (VPSPr), which shares genotype characteristics with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. The abnormal prion protein in VPSPr exhibits distinct characteristics different from other prion diseases.
New research reveals that abnormal huntingtin protein plays a crucial role in neurogenesis, challenging previous understanding of its function in adult neurons. The study demonstrates htt's involvement in cell division and neurogenesis, shedding light on the pathogenic mechanisms underlying Huntington's disease.
Researchers at UCLA's Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center have uncovered a new role for polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNPASE) in regulating the import of RNA into mitochondria. Reducing PNPASE expression impairs mitochondrial energy production and cell growth.
Researchers at UCLA have developed a microfluidic image cytometry platform that can measure cell-signaling pathways in brain tumor samples at the single-cell level. This technology marks an advance toward predictive and personalized medicine, enabling physicians to predict patient prognosis and guide treatment.
Researchers found that chronic morphine use decreases levels of tumor angiogenesis, mediated by suppression of signaling induced by low oxygen concentrations. This effect suggests morphine may inhibit tumor growth and serve as an anti-angiogenic agent in cancer pain management.
Researchers found that transforming growth factor-β1 contributes to kidney disease by inducing fibrosis and nephron degeneration. Meanwhile, a new diagnostic criteria for T-cell lymphoma was discovered using mast cells and Th17 cells. Additionally, a novel peptide ASARM may implicate in impaired dentin mineralization in rickets.
Scientists at the Buck Institute for Research on Aging have discovered a family of enzymes involved in the breakdown of toxic fragments that lead to Huntington's disease. Inhibiting these enzymes, known as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), has been shown to reduce the accumulation of toxic fragments associated with HD.
A study of 872 individuals found that more education reduces dementia risk by improving brain coping mechanisms. Individuals with higher education levels exhibited similar brain pathology but better compensation for dementia effects.
Physicians in Northern Ontario communities can now access specialized UHN pathologists for fast and accurate diagnosis, saving time and improving patient care. The new telepathology system enables instant transmission of digital images of pathology samples, reducing travel times from hours to minutes.
A new study from Queen's University has found that the growth of malignant melanoma can be slowed when MicroRNA 193b is added. Increased levels of miR-193b led to lower levels of cyclin D1 and decreased melanoma cell growth.
The study found that the vitamin D receptor helps regulate bacterial activity, responds to cues, and counters their presence. It also plays a key role in defending against Salmonella infection and squelching inflammation by binding to NF-Kappa B and preventing it from activating other inflammatory molecules.
A case report describes a rare instance of intrahepatic clear cell cholangiocarcinoma, highlighting its distinct characteristics and low risk of metastasis. The cancer's unique cell structure and lack of mucin production set it apart from conventional HCCs.
Experts in pathology are advocating for a comprehensive training program to integrate genomics and personalized medicine into daily practices. The proposed curriculum would cover laboratory medicine, genetic counseling, and health information technology, enabling pathologists to serve as primary consultants for physicians and patients.
A new research project at the University of Leicester aims to develop a reliable and cost-effective system for diagnosing coronary heart disease using CT scans. The technology will enable visualisation of coronary arteries in cadavers, making diagnoses comparable to current autopsy practice.
Researchers found resveratrol inhibits pathogenic new blood vessel growth, a central role in various cancers and eye disease. The compound may offer a novel therapeutic strategy to treat these diseases.
Researchers have made significant discoveries in the fields of atherosclerosis and Alzheimer's disease, revealing new insights into the role of neutrophils and hyperploidy. A study found that neutrophils contribute to atherosclerosis, while another discovered that hyperploid neurons are more prone to cell death in Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers found that a specific virus interacts with a mutation in the host's genes to trigger disease. In mice, exposure to a damaging chemical and infection with a viral strain caused symptoms similar to human Crohn's disease, suggesting viruses may be key to understanding complex diseases.
Researchers at UAB will investigate the mechanisms behind red blood cell interactions with nitric oxide, shedding light on potential negative effects of older stored blood units on circulation and immune response. The goal is to design therapies to prevent transfusion-related toxicities.
A recent study has found that Jewish people from different regions share a common ancestry and distinct genetic traits. The research provides detailed genetic maps of major Jewish subpopulations, which can help understand genetic links to diseases like heart disease, cancer, and diabetes.
A rare case of intrahepatic clear cell cholangiocarcinoma was reported in a Japanese man with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The cancer cells were larger than usual and lacked mucin, differing from conventional ICC cases.
Researchers found that inflammasome activation increases muscle damage in muscular dystrophy, while galectin-7 expression levels are associated with metastasis in breast cancer. These findings provide new insights into disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.
Dr. Castellani's work challenged the traditional view of Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis and highlighted the beneficial effects of amyloid formation. He received the award for his outstanding contribution to understanding the neuroprotective role of amyloid-β protein precursor and amyloid-β.
A new study suggests that T helper cells, previously thought to mediate autoimmunity, actually suppress the development of experimental immune encephalomyelitis in mice. The findings indicate that these cells can inhibit the growth of Th17 cells, which are believed to be responsible for causing multiple sclerosis.
A team of researchers has discovered that amyloid-β protein accumulates in the eyes of people with Down syndrome, leading to distinctive cataracts. The findings may lead to an innovative eye test for early detection of Alzheimer's pathology in both disorders.
A new study found that gene fusions are a specific 'bad actor' in prostate cancer and should be targeted by treatments, rather than the androgen receptor. The research suggests that blocking these fusions can prevent normal prostate cell development, allowing cancer to develop.