A new approach to managing type 2 diabetes has been demonstrated in a Canadian study, showing that early addition of insulin glargine therapy can safely achieve better glycemic and metabolic outcomes. The results show lower and steady blood glucose levels more quickly and often compared to oral medications.
Gordon wins the award for her research on treating bone loss in anorexic patients, while Mandl is recognized for his development of a real-time automated biosurveillance system to monitor bioterrorist attacks and outbreaks. The PECASE awards aim to nurture outstanding beginning scientists and engineers.
A leading researcher is presenting data on a new infertility drug that has shown promising results in reducing miscarriage rates in mice. The drug, PV903, contains an active ingredient found in semen and aims to instruct the mother's immune system to tolerate the fetus.
A cancer drug has been found to control levels of a hormone receptor protein in the womb, which is linked with giving birth. The study, funded by Action Medical Research, aims to assess whether the drug can be used to prevent premature birth.
Researchers found teen-age boys with Type 1 diabetes have significantly higher intima-media thickness than those without the disease, indicating greater atherosclerosis progression. Smoking and poor glucose control are key risk factors for cardiovascular disease in this population.
The studies demonstrated that rhIGF-1 administration causes a prompt increase in blood IGFBP-3 levels in patients with IGF-1 deficiency. The findings suggest that IGFBP-3 is recruited into the bloodstream or IGF-1 is stabilized by binding to IGFBP-3, which may help guide optimal dosing of rhIGF-1.
Researchers found that the drop in estrogen levels during menopause is linked to increased cortisol levels and abdominal fat. Estrogen replacement therapy may help prevent this rise in cortisol and delay or prevent weight issues.
A new dosing approach for growth hormone based on serum levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) shows improved height increases in children with growth hormone deficiency or short stature. The study found that increasing IGF-I levels resulted in significant gains in height, particularly in those receiving higher doses.
A study published in Nature suggests that mitochondrial problems in blood vessel walls contribute to atherosclerosis. Researchers found that mice overproducing uncoupling protein-1 developed high blood pressure and atherosclerosis, despite having normal cholesterol levels.
A study found that approximately 30,000 US children have short stature due to non-growth hormone deficiency Primary IGF-1 deficiency. This suggests one-third to half of idiopathic short stature cases can be re-classified as Primary IGFD.
Researchers found that leptin replacement treatment altered brain structure and reduced cravings for people with an obesity gene. The study suggests new potential treatments for weight-related issues.
Researchers identified molecular and behavioral changes in mice with a faulty circadian system, which can lead to obesity and metabolic syndrome. The study suggests that misregulated genes in various tissues cause metabolic changes, leading to weight gain and related disorders.
Researchers have discovered that a faulty body clock can wreak havoc on the body's metabolism, increasing the risk of obesity and diabetes. In a study published in Science, scientists found that mice with a misaligned internal timepiece gained weight and developed metabolic abnormalities when fed regular or high-fat diets.
Study reveals nearly two times higher likelihood of metabolic syndrome in women with PCOS, leading to increased risk of early-onset cardiovascular disease. Women with both conditions exhibit more severe insulin resistance.
A study found that alcohol consumption disrupts the hormonal balance of lactating women, leading to decreased oxytocin levels and increased prolactin levels. This can result in slower milk ejection and reduced milk production.
A study by Julie Mennella and colleagues found that moderate alcohol consumption decreases oxytocin levels, which affects milk ejection and production. The increased prolactin levels associated with breast fullness may also contribute to the decline of milk production.
Researchers at OHSU have developed a medication that blocks the MC4 receptor to reverse the effects of cachexia, increasing appetite and weight while decreasing metabolic rate. The study demonstrates a potential new treatment for this serious disorder, providing hope for patients affected by AIDS and cancer.
Researchers found that inflammatory proteins produced by fat tissue are linked to increased risk of heart disease, including high blood pressure and high cholesterol. The study suggests that modifying these proteins through medication could lower heart disease risk.
Researchers found that a deficiency in growth hormone and IGF-1 reduced cancer and kidney disease risk, but impaired cognitive function and accelerated cartilage degeneration. Lifelong treatment with growth hormone actually increased lifespan by up to 14.6%.
A new study by Ohio State University researchers may lead to a test that prevents unnecessary thyroid gland removal in people with follicular adenoma. The study identified three genes, cyclin D2, PCSK2, and PLAB, which show distinct activity levels between noncancerous and cancerous thyroid conditions.
A new study published in Annals of Internal Medicine found that obese patients with type 2 diabetes who followed a very low-carbohydrate diet lost significant amounts of weight. The participants consumed fewer calories on the low-carb diet, resulting in improved blood sugar levels and reduced triglycerides and cholesterol levels.
A study found that 41% of infertile women would use preimplantation sex selection at no cost, with racial groups having a stronger preference for selecting the sex of their child. Women without children and those seeking family balancing were more likely to choose nonmedical sex selection.
The William C. Rose Award lecture will focus on the importance of cytochrome P450s in drug development, endocrinology, and toxicology. Dr. Guengerich's recent work includes kinetic analysis and methods to define substrates and products of orphan P450s.
Dr. Strahl's research focuses on histone modifications, specifically the addition of ubiquitin to histone 2B by Rad6 enzyme. He also explores histone methylation and its regulation through various biochemical pathways.
A new study finds that DHEA therapy is effective in reducing depression symptoms and improving sexual functioning in individuals with midlife-onset depression. Six weeks of DHEA treatment resulted in a 50% reduction in depression scores, compared to placebo, suggesting its potential as a second-line treatment option.
Researchers found no significant association between antidepressant use and suicide rates in the US. Instead, they suggest that untreated depression is a major contributor to suicidal behavior, particularly among men and young people.
Researchers found that deleting pro-inflammatory enzyme IkB kinase â (Ikk-â) from immune cells' macrophages improves insulin sensitivity, offering hope for new type II diabetes treatments. The study suggests targeting myeloid cells and their macrophages as a potential strategy for treating the disease.
Dr. Russell, a Yale cardiovascular researcher, is awarded the Bayer Fellowship for his work on heart function and metabolism in disease states. His research focuses on glucose transporter expression, AMP-activated protein kinase, and mitochondrial uncoupling proteins to understand and treat heart failure.
A new study links resistin to inflammation, insulin resistance, and obesity. Resistin levels increase in human macrophages treated with endotoxin or cytokines, suggesting a role in promoting diabetes through insulin resistance.
A recent study revealed that nearly one-third of diabetic men suffer from hypogonadism, a condition caused by improper functioning of the pituitary gland or hypothalamus. The high prevalence of low testosterone levels in diabetic patients is concerning and associated with various health issues such as loss of muscle tone, increased abd...
Researchers discovered human islet-derived precursor cells that reproduce easily and can differentiate into hormone-producing cells. The findings may eventually have implications for islet transplantation, an experimental treatment for type 1 diabetes.
A four-year project aims to understand how androgen influences the skeleton, with potential implications for stress fracture prevention and treating osteoporosis. The study examines the effects of androgen therapy on bone health in both men and women.
Researchers found a reduction in bone mass and size in mice administered an SSRI, highlighting the need for further research into its effects on children and adolescents. The study suggests that anything affecting normal bone development may have far-reaching consequences later in life.
A study of 1,148 hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes found that tight blood pressure control reduced the incidence of diabetic retinopathy and visual loss by 47% over seven years. The researchers discovered a lower risk of microaneurysms and blindness in the tight BP control group compared to those with less stringent policies.
Researchers found that estrogen deficiency triggers the expression of interferon gamma, which stimulates T cell activation and TNF production. Estrogen treatment increases TGFb levels in bone marrow, leading to bone preservation.
Researchers identified a gene called PTPN1 that represses insulin response and is associated with diabetes. The study found a common variant of the gene increases the risk of diabetes in Caucasians, while another form appears protective.
Researchers at Northwestern University are using regenerative medicine to help paralyzed people walk again and enable diabetic individuals to lead normal lives without daily treatments or organ donations. The team is focusing on synthetic scaffolds and their interactions with cells, a key component of regenerative medicine.
Researchers at Northwestern University are developing novel biomaterials and imaging techniques to improve the survival and function of transplanted islet cells in patients with type 1 diabetes. The grant will fund efforts to create microenvironments favorable for islet survival and function via controlled delivery of biological factors.
Researchers at UT Southwestern will examine the behavioral, metabolic, and molecular mechanisms that cause obesity and related disorders, with a focus on the brain and liver. The team aims to develop state-of-the-art research programs and translate scientific findings to humans.
A new study reveals that leptin can restore reproductive function in women with extreme low body fat levels, such as those with infertility, eating disorders, or osteoporosis. Leptin therapy showed dramatic results in raising reproductive hormones and improving menstrual cycles.
Researchers found that ovarian cancer tumors lack response to antiestrogens due to decreased ER beta expression, which can lead to increased cell proliferation and apoptosis. The reintroduction of ER beta in cancer cells induced apoptosis, suggesting its regulatory functions in controlling ovarian cancer growth and motility.
A new UCI study has identified a gene linked to breast cancer that can also suppress tumor growth by blocking estrogen and growth factor signals. The research provides further insight into how estrogen interacts with mutated BRCA1 genes to promote breast cancer development.
A new study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that leptin triggers production of áMSH, a powerful peptide signal that boosts metabolism. This discovery could lead to the development of obesity treatments that increase energy production and promote weight loss.
Researchers discovered that donor-derived bone marrow cells can differentiate into human endometrial tissue, contributing to endometrial regeneration. This finding may lead to new treatments for uterine disorders like infertility, abnormal bleeding, and cancer.
Researchers found that high dietary levels of soy isoflavones do not stimulate cell growth and markers for breast cancer risk in postmenopausal monkeys. The study suggests plant estrogens may contribute to an estrogen profile associated with reduced breast cancer risk.
Researchers found that ghrelin was significantly elevated with weight loss in exercising subjects, indicating a potential role for ghrelin in returning the body to a prior set-point for body weight. The study suggests that exercise training itself has little impact on ghrelin levels.
Researchers have found that compounds in khat plant leaves, specifically cathinone and norephedrine, stimulate final stages of sperm maturation and prevent premature acrosome reactions. This study may lead to the development of over-the-counter fertility products.
The Meharry-Penn State U54 Cooperative Reproductive Science Center aims to address health disparities in women's reproductive endocrinology. Four research studies currently recruiting participants will investigate racial differences in reproductive conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome and fibroids.
Low thyroid hormone levels affect an estimated 40,000 pregnant and 1.6 million nonpregnant women in the US, with 3.1% of reproductive age women having low levels. Targeted screening before pregnancy may prevent developmental issues.
Recent studies have highlighted promising new treatments for obesity, including rimonabant's effectiveness in treating the condition. Additionally, researchers have discovered a lack of gut hormone PYY3-6 in obese individuals, leading to increased food intake and potential health risks associated with obesity.
A new treatment using genetically engineered thyrotropin alfa eliminates the need to withhold thyroid hormone medication after thyroidectomy, reducing symptoms of hypothyroidism. The study shows that patients can be treated effectively without experiencing unpleasant side effects.
Researchers discovered that healthy Asian Indian men, even those not overweight, exhibit abnormal cytokine production levels associated with insulin resistance. This metabolic issue can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
A new study shows that estrogen skin patches can counteract high cholesterol associated with hormone therapy for prostate cancer. The patches decreased overall cholesterol levels by 10 percent and increased good cholesterol (HDL), while also improving lipid profiles.
The CARDS trial found that a daily 10mg dose of atorvastatin reduced the risk of serious heart problems by 36% and strokes by 48%. The benefits were observed even in patients with already low LDL-cholesterol levels. This study has significant implications for the cardiovascular health of people with Type 2 diabetes.
The largest study on the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in the United States found that approximately 6.6% of premenopausal women have PCOS, surpassing previous estimates. This significant increase may be due to a more representative sample size and improved diagnostic methods.
Over 60% of type 2 diabetes patients fail to meet recommended glucose treatment goals, increasing risk of complications such as heart disease and blindness. The Control to Goal initiative aims to bridge the gap between guidelines and clinical practice, promoting better diabetes management.
A study found that fructose consumption can lead to decreased insulin and leptin levels, increased triglycerides, and lower ghrelin levels, all contributing to weight gain and obesity. The results suggest that frequent fructose consumption may contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease.
Researchers discovered a new compound, T1 amine, that rapidly induces hypothermia, slows heart rate, and drops blood pressure in mice. This effect may provide a valuable tool to manage patients with acute hypermetabolic states, including hyperthyroidism.
Researchers found that estrogen therapy can suppress adrenal androgen production, with marked reductions in DHEA-S, A4, and testosterone levels. The study suggests a potential mechanism for how estrogen affects androgen hormones, and has implications for postmenopausal women.
UVa researchers have identified a gene, Stat-4, that plays a key role in the development of type 1 diabetes. Disrupting this gene may help prevent the disease, and a new anti-inflammatory compound, Lisofylline (LSF), has shown promise in inhibiting its activation.