New experiments demonstrate the generation and manipulation of free electrons in liquid water using external terahertz fields. The results show that these fields enhance the number of free electrons by up to a factor of 1000, allowing for the transport and localization of charges in liquids.
Carnegie Mellon University has received a $500,000 planning grant to develop AI research and interdisciplinary collaborations in astrophysics, subatomic physics, and biophysics. The university aims to promote cross-disciplinary interactions and encourage new collaborations to advance fundamental fields.
RAMBO-II will produce stronger magnetic fields and probe samples with an even broader spectrum of intense laser pulses. This upgrade enables researchers to study materials under extreme conditions, advancing the frontiers of materials physics and chemistry.
Researchers at Cornell University developed a graphene-based Hall-effect sensor that can operate over a greater temperature range than previous sensors. The device can detect miniscule changes in magnetic fields, even within a larger magnetic background, making it ideal for various technological applications.
Researchers from Russia and Spain propose a new model that describes electron spin behavior in semiconductor nanowires, enabling quick spin flip with controlled electric fields. The findings suggest that optimal interval of control fields is necessary to avoid losing valuable information.
A new study led by University of Illinois astronomer Brian Fields explores the possibility that astronomical events were responsible for an extinction event 359 million years ago. Researchers found evidence suggesting long-lasting ozone-depletion, which could be caused by killer cosmic rays from nearby supernovae.
Researchers have developed a new method to map the magnetic field of the solar corona using near-infrared observations. The technique, presented in a recent study, can provide detailed maps of the coronal magnetic field across the entire observable corona.
Research found that five scientific fields (particle physics, atomic physics, cell biology, neuroscience, and molecular chemistry) account for more than half of Nobel Prizes awarded between 1995 and 2017. Additionally, many papers in these fields received less citation compared to other publications.
Researchers use VLA radio telescope to image galaxy NGC 4217's magnetic field, extending far beyond the galaxy's disk. The dynamo theory suggests that this massive magnetic field is generated by plasma motion within the galaxy's disk.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have discovered a method to stabilize plasma compression using twisted magnetic fields. The technique reduced escaping plasma tentacles by 70% and improved conditions for studying extreme plasma states.
Plant pathologists at Auburn University conducted a field trial to assess the economic damage of reniform nematodes on cotton yields. The study found that cotton yields were 50% lower in fields infested with the nematode compared to clean fields.
A new global study found that an unconscious stereotype links men to brilliance, hindering women's career advancement in prestigious fields. The research used the Implicit Association Test to measure implicit biases, revealing a strong association between brilliance and masculinity.
Research by the University of Göttingen found that wild bees depend on landscape structure, with small fields and organic areas providing benefits for bumblebee colonies. Flower strips in conventional cereal fields also attract pollinators, highlighting the importance of agri-environmental schemes that consider landscape structure.
Scientists have developed a device that can manipulate and measure cells' movements in response to electric fields, enabling new possibilities for tissue engineering. The SCHEEPDOG system allows researchers to program complex cell maneuvers, such as full circles, with thousands of neighboring cells executing on command.
Despite efforts to equalize gender representation in STEM fields, persistent gaps remain, particularly in Physics, Engineering, and Computer Science. Low-achieving men dominate these fields, while high-achieving women are discouraged from entering.
A new study published in Science found that the disparity in PECS majors is not caused by higher math achievement among men. Instead, researchers discovered that low-achieving males were choosing these fields at the same rate as high-achieving females.
Researchers found that newborn particles interacting with powerful electromagnetic fields produce pulsars' unique beams of radio waves. The discovery could improve pulsar timing arrays and shed light on fast radio bursts.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have discovered that applying intense optical fields to electrons in metals can change their electronic properties. This 'dressing' effect allows for potential applications in conventional electronics, quantum computing, and entirely new areas of research.
Invasive native rush species are spreading across UK upland farms, threatening local wildlife and the livelihoods of farmers. The study found that rushes can spread by up to 174% in just 13 years, reducing grassland productivity and causing losses for farmers.
A team of Brown University physicists has developed a new type of compact, ultra-sensitive magnetometer that could be useful in applications involving weak magnetic fields. The device uses the anomalous Hall effect and is up to 20 times more sensitive than traditional Hall effect sensors.
Scientists created a scaled-down shock wave in the lab, mimicking supernova remnants. The study found that turbulent electromagnetic fields within the shock boost electron speeds, allowing particles to escape and gain even more speed.
Researchers explore high-intensity lasers to create plasmas for studying quantum electrodynamics, a lesser-studied corner of particle physics. The findings could lead to advances in fundamental physics and scanning technology.
A new study by Duke University researchers finds that reusing oilfield water in California's Kern County does not pose major health risks. The water can be safely used for irrigation if mixed with surface water, but farmers must plant boron-tolerant crops and monitor soil quality to avoid potential issues.
Researchers created a fast, precise and scalable method for individual nano- and submicron scale manipulation in acoustic fields using megahertz frequencies. The technology isolates submicron particles, enabling sorting, patterning and size-selective capture of nanoscale objects.
A Tel Aviv University study reveals a direct connection between electrical fields in the atmosphere and those found in living organisms, including humans. This finding may lead to revolutionary medical treatments for illnesses such as epilepsy and Parkinson's disease.
Scientists apply strong magnetic fields to weakly-magnetic molecules, inducing new optical and photophysical properties. This discovery could allow scientists to change electronic properties of some classes of molecules using magnetic fields as a handle. The research uses the world's strongest magnet for NMR spectroscopy.
Researchers at the University of Utah and Texas Advanced Computing Center used powerful supercomputers to rapidly generate molecular models of compounds relevant for COVID-19. They applied their approach, developed previously for Ebola virus research, to identify promising peptides that can disrupt the coronavirus.
The article highlights the significance of interdisciplinary integration in academic research and application, citing COVID-19 as a case study. Effective collaboration among experts from various fields is vital for social development and innovation, leading to significant breakthroughs in biomedical research.
Researchers evaluated integrated crop-livestock systems in paddy fields, finding higher grain yields with lower fertilizer application. ICLS promotes nutrient cycling, leading to increased nutrient-use efficiency and reduced dependence on external inputs.
Entangling disparate electromagnetic fields with a vibrating membrane creates novel ways to solve the long-standing challenge of sharing entanglement between distant quantum computers. The result enables microwave-optical entanglement, a key step towards solving this problem.
Researchers have created a device capable of converting low-level magnetic fields into usable electricity, with 400% higher power output than existing technology. This technology has significant implications for designing self-powered wireless sensor networks in smart buildings, potentially leading to substantial energy savings.
A recent study found that most ammonia emitted from fertilized paddy fields deposits near the source, rather than entering the atmosphere. This process reduces atmospheric ammonia pollution and is a result of dry deposition.
A team of engineers at UNSW Sydney has successfully controlled the nucleus of a single atom using only electric fields, solving a problem that stood for over half a century. This breakthrough has major implications for the development of quantum computers and sensors, enabling precise control over individual atoms.
The new guidelines establish evidence-based limits for exposure to high-frequency electromagnetic fields, setting thresholds below which no adverse effects can occur. The report provides guidance on basic restrictions and reference levels to ensure safe exposure in various settings, including occupational environments.
Active learning techniques have been shown to significantly narrow the achievement gap between overrepresented and underrepresented students in STEM fields. In a recent study, instructors incorporated more active learning methods into undergraduate STEM courses, resulting in exam scores narrowing by 33-42% and course passing rates impr...
A study by MIT scholars finds economics citations in psychology journals have doubled since 2000, while public health papers cite economics work twice as often as 10 years ago. The proportion of empirical economics papers cited in top journals has risen by 20 percentage points since 1990.
Research on dunes in northern China reveals that neighboring dunes can remain in different states despite similar climate conditions, complicating efforts to stabilize the dunes. The study found that changes are not always smooth and uniform, with some dunes remaining active while others become stabilized by vegetation.
A new AI algorithm developed by University of Illinois researchers accurately predicts corn yield using deep learning and convolutional neural networks. The approach incorporates various topographic variables, soil electroconductivity, nitrogen treatment rates, and seed application to optimize crop management decisions.
Researchers studied green fluorescent protein to understand how electric fields impact its twisting motion. They found that tuning the chromophore's electronic properties can significantly alter this process. This discovery could lead to developing light-sensitive proteins for biological imaging and optogenetics.
Jakoah Brgoch and Judy Wu are recognized as 2020 Sloan Research Fellows for their groundbreaking research in computational and experimental inorganic chemistry. Their work has the potential to revolutionize fields such as energy, manufacturing, and neuroscience.
Physicists at HZB discovered a non-ferromagnetic phase in U2Pd2In crystals under high magnetic fields, with a structure containing 80 magnetic moments. The finding may help develop more precise theories for 5f electron systems and has implications for many other materials.
A recent study found that organic farms with larger surrounding field sizes exhibit higher biodiversity and profits compared to conventional farms. However, the advantage in profitability decreases as the size of the surrounding fields increases.
A composite material was developed by researchers from Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University to create smart implants with sensing capabilities. The material combines magnetocaloric properties, allowing it to change temperature in response to magnetic fields, making it suitable for biomedical applications.
Physicists Sanjay Prabhakar and Roderick Melnik modelled the interplay between electric fields and electron spins in slowly moving quantum dots. They revealed that spin-orbit coupling occurs, inducing a magnetic field in the absence of an external one.
An international team of researchers found that applying AC electric fields to certain materials makes internal crystal domains bigger and the crystal transparent. The crystals also exhibit ultrahigh piezoelectricity and high transparency after polishing.
A new Illinois study found that fall-applied anhydrous ammonia may not meet corn's nitrogen needs. The study showed varying uptake efficiency depending on soil type and crop rotation, with richest soils being lower in nitrogen recovery.
A new study by University of California, Berkeley, identified a core microbiome in commercial tomatoes that is robust and stable. The researchers used experimental evolution to select for microbes that best survived on the plants, resulting in a healthy plant microbiome.
Experts argue that cyber risk requires collaboration across behavioral science, data science, economics, law, management science, and political science. A unified concept model identifies core questions to understand cyber risk and how each field can contribute to its efforts.
Researchers detected imidacloprid residues in 48% of rape fields, posing a non-negligible risk to pollinating bees. Persistent use of neonicotinoids with certain crops threatens bee populations, highlighting the need for reinforcement of pesticide controls.
Researchers found that local grassland plant diversity increased significantly over time but incompletely recovered, while plant productivity did not significantly recover. After 1-91 years of abandonment, fields had 38-73% of the plant diversity and 34-53% of the plant productivity compared to untouched land.
Magnetic reconnection near the solar surface generates solar spicules, which channel hot plasma into the corona. The study reveals that energy released from magnetic field realignment triggers enhanced spicular activity, causing local heating of the upper atmosphere.
Researchers will build a quantum mechanical magnetic camera using $2 million grant from NSF, enabling them to capture snapshots of weak magnetic fields emanating from quantum materials. The device aims to reveal intricacies of magnetic interactions and may have industrial applications in quality control and medical diagnostics.
Astronomers refine search for potentially habitable planets by modeling stellar activity and its effect on planetary magnetic fields. Researchers estimate that some exoplanets could lose their atmospheres in as little as 100 million years due to intense radiation from their stars.
Researchers used supercomputer simulations to study magnetic reconnection, a process that releases kinetic energy in the universe. The simulations revealed a previously unknown role for the Biermann battery effect, which impacts magnetic reconnection in unexpected ways.
Researchers have discovered that injecting frozen hydrogen fuel pellets into a fusion reactor's plasma can help repair tears in the surrounding magnetic field, reducing magnetic island instabilities. This approach may improve the efficiency of future fusion power plants by freeing up resources needed for magnetic stability.
A study involving over 100 researchers demonstrates that biodiversity enhances pollination and biological pest control, leading to increased crop yields. Higher agricultural biodiversity also reduces the reliance on pesticides, promoting sustainable agriculture.
A study by University of Tokyo researchers found that parental gender role attitudes and negative images of STEM fields contribute to Japanese girls' reduced university participation. Parents who support gender equality can encourage girls to pursue STEM fields.
New research reveals a novel explanation for the origin of cosmic magnetic fields, potentially solving a long-standing puzzle. The study suggests that strong primordial electric fields can be responsible for generating magnetic fields after inflation.
A study analyzing research article data from 1950 to 2018 found that the average distance between articles on citation networks decreased over time, while ties between articles from different fields increased. Citation networks depend on high-impact articles, suggesting increased interconnectivity among scientific disciplines.
A German-British team used computer simulations to demonstrate how the merger of two stars creates strong magnetic fields. This process could result in the formation of magnetars, which are thought to have the strongest magnetic fields in the universe.