A patient with kidney cancer overcame several metastases with temsirolimus, leading researchers to identify key mutations that make this treatment effective. The study found that patients with USP9X mutations have altered autophagy and respond better to temsirolimus.
CNIO researchers review the anticancer effects of various diets, including caloric restriction, ketogenic diet, and intermittent fasting. They argue that precision nutrition can be used to treat specific cancers based on tumor metabolism and patient characteristics.
Researchers have studied targeting telomeres as a potential therapeutic strategy for non-small cell lung cancer. Telomere dysfunction and telomerase deficiency slowed tumor progression, increasing vulnerability to DNA damage and immune system response.
Scientists at CNIO identify succinylation as a poorly studied mechanism in cancer research; mutated DLST protein prevents succinylation, leading to pseudohypoxia and tumor growth. Succinylation is crucial for protein function and may be linked to various diseases.
Researchers at the CNIO have elucidated a key point about how cohesin attaches to DNA and forms loops. The study suggests that NIPBL is not necessary for cohesin to bind to DNA, but only for it to move and form DNA loops. This finding may be important in understanding Cornelia de Lange syndrome.
Researchers studied how tumors adapt to Sotorasib and found that gene amplification and transcriptional programs lead to resistance. This knowledge can help develop targeted treatments for patients with KRAS mutations, potentially increasing survival rates.
Researchers have identified a biomarker that can select breast cancer patients who may benefit from denosumab treatment. The study found that tumors with high RANK protein expression are associated with poor prognosis and response to chemotherapy, suggesting that denosumab may be effective in hormone-receptor negative tumors.
Researchers have identified markers associated with an increased risk of metastasis in patients with metastatic pheochromocytoma, allowing for personalized clinical management. The study also identifies patients who could benefit from immunotherapy treatments, paving the way for potential new therapies.
Researchers found a molecular staple called NIHCOLE that helps liver cancer cells repair broken DNA, making them resistant to radiotherapy. Understanding this mechanism may lead to the development of new strategies to combat liver cancers with poor prognosis.
Researchers identify CDK4 and filamin proteins as predictors of response to paclitaxel in HER2-negative breast cancer patients. High levels of these proteins are associated with a positive response rate in 90% of cases.
Scientists have identified a protein complex called Ku that helps human cells detect viral DNA, and discovered how viral proteins can block this detection. The findings offer a new approach to improving the response to infections caused by viruses like monkeypox.
A genetic variant associated with a 10-15% reduction in fat storage has been identified in 60% of Europeans. Researchers studied the effect of this variant in mice and found it to be linked to leanness, highlighting the complex interplay between genetics and obesity.
Researchers identified a genetic variant that predisposes people to being slim, carried by 60% of Europeans. The variant affects the amount of fat stored in the body and is associated with the biochemical signalling pathway that tells cells what nutrients are available.
Researchers at CNIO have identified epigenetic changes, specifically DNA methylation, as a key mechanism behind resistance to proteasome inhibitor drugs in multiple myeloma. This finding suggests that methylation levels in the PSMD5 gene can predict treatment response and potentially reverse resistance.
Researchers discover exceptional individual with 12 tumors, shedding light on early detection methods and immune system response. Single-cell analysis technology shows promise in identifying cells with tumor potential before symptoms appear.
Researchers explore the role of nutrition in cancer development, finding that precise nutritional strategies can be used to supplement treatment and treat cancer. Intermittent fasting is being studied as a promising approach to fight cancer, with studies showing it may increase toxicity on tumour cells and reduce side effects.
Researchers at CNIO have identified alveolar type II pneumocytes as the primary cell type responsible for developing pulmonary fibrosis. The study reveals that targeting these cells through telomere-based therapy may lead to a breakthrough in treating this debilitating disease.
Researchers have discovered a cellular and molecular mechanism essential for intestinal epithelial regeneration. Progenitor cells modulate the production of mitogenic factors, controlling intestinal stem cell proliferation and tissue regeneration. This finding breaks new ground in research into counteracting radiotherapy side effects.
A team of scientists has determined the structure of the RAF1 protein, a therapeutic target against cancers associated with KRAS oncogenes. The study reveals structural vulnerabilities in RAF1, making it possible to design drugs capable of destroying it.
A team of researchers has discovered a link between the FBXW7 gene and multidrug resistance in tumors, suggesting that targeting this vulnerability could lead to new treatment options. The study found that FBXW7-deficient cells are more susceptible to certain types of drugs that activate the integrated stress response.
Researchers at CNIO have identified a cryptic pocket in the RET oncogene that confers high specificity to second-generation inhibitors. This discovery could lead to the development of more effective treatments for RET-driven cancers.
Researchers have developed a method to understand chromosomal instability in aggressive cancers, allowing for improved analysis and selection of effective therapies. The study defines biological causes of different types of chromosomal instability and its relation to tumour types.
Researchers at CNIO have identified a biomarker for radioresistance in brain metastasis, which can help predict patient response to radiotherapy. They also found a drug that reverses radioresistance and demonstrated its potential in animal models and patient-derived cell cultures.
Researchers identified a molecular signature of 27 microorganisms in stool samples that can predict pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma risk and diagnose earlier stages. The study suggests a non-invasive, rapid, and affordable diagnostic kit could be developed to detect the disease.
Researchers have designed METPlatform, a drug screening platform compatible with patient biopsies, to investigate patients' own tumour tissue. The platform has identified new therapeutic targets and biomarkers for aggressive brain metastases, suggesting HSP90 inhibitors as potential treatments.
Researchers have identified potential anti-inflammatory compounds to combat the cytokine storm, a key factor in severe COVID-19 cases. The study found that glucocorticoids and MEK protein inhibitors may be effective in reducing mortality, while female hormones could also play a role.
Researchers have identified a molecular mechanism underlying liver cirrhosis, a deadly disease poorly understood. The discovery, made using genetically modified mice, reveals that the lack of MCRS1 protein leads to bile acid accumulation and fibrosis, opening new avenues for treatment.
Researchers have shed light on the role of RUVBL1 and RUVBL2 proteins in the assembly and maturation of the spliceosome, a complex involved in cell splicing and alternative splicing. The study provides insights into the mechanisms responsible for the maturation of the splicing machinery.
Scientists from CNIO and Massachusetts General Hospital have developed new approaches to visualize DNA repair by analyzing hundreds of proteins at once. They discovered nine new proteins involved in DNA repair and identified key players in the process, which could lead to improved cancer treatments.
CNIO researchers have identified a new biomarker for early melanoma metastasis, proposing the use of NGFR to predict disease prognosis and define risk groups. Blocking NGFR drastically reduces metastasis in mice, paving the way for a potential first treatment to tackle metastasis in its earliest stages.
Researchers at CNIO and 12 de Octubre Hospital have developed a new cancer treatment called CAR-NK-cell immunotherapy, which uses natural killer cells to target cancerous cells. The treatment has shown promising results in mice with multiple myeloma, with 25% of treated mice remaining disease-free.
A study by CNIO researchers found that both isoforms of the KRAS oncogene are oncogenic and must be targeted for therapies to be effective. The research suggests that KRAS4A mutant is even more active than previously thought, inducing lung cancer and metastasis in 20% of individuals.
A new study by CNIO researchers has found that blocking the RagC protein's signals can delay the onset of follicular lymphoma in animal models. The strategy may also be effective in treating autoimmune diseases.
Researchers have determined the structure of a nanomachine essential for mTOR functioning, shedding light on its role in cancer and vital processes. The study opens up possibilities to interfere with these processes for therapeutic purposes.
Researchers at CNIO have identified RagA as a molecular switch that allows cells to adapt to low nutrient levels, enabling an 'energy-saving mode' similar to what occurs in yeasts. This discovery has significant implications for understanding metabolic regulation and potential strategies to fight obesity and related diseases.
Researchers found that PrimPol helps cells survive chemotherapy damage by facilitating DNA repair; repressing this protein could make tumor cells more sensitive to cancer treatments. This discovery has implications for Fanconi anaemia, a rare disease with few therapeutic options.
High levels of RANK protein trigger senescence in early stages of tumors, delaying their onset, but promote stem cell accumulation and tumour growth in advanced stages. This discovery sheds light on the complex mechanisms underlying breast cancer development and progression.
Researchers link C9ORF72 mutations to neuronal death in familial ALS patients by discovering a toxic mechanism that blocks cellular processes involving DNA and RNA. The newly identified mechanism reveals how arginine-rich proteins displace essential proteins, leading to cell death.
Researchers discover USP7 inhibitors cause premature activation of CDK1 protein, leading to uncontrolled cell division and cell death. This finding opens the door for potential therapeutic combinations that could increase the efficacy of these drugs in cancer patients.
Researchers at CNIO discover that digoxin, a drug used for heart diseases, reduces inflammation and leads to significant weight loss in obese mice. The study identifies IL-17A as a causal factor of obesity, suggesting a potential therapeutic option for treating the inflammatory disease.
A recent study published in Cell Reports reveals that DNA supercoiling is involved in regulating gene expression, rather than being just collateral damage. The researchers found that specific genes are massively activated in response to stimuli, and topoisomerase TOP2A plays a crucial role in this process.
Researchers propose a novel therapeutic strategy combining temozolomide with dianhydrogalactitol to overcome resistance mechanisms in glioblastoma. The combination shows synergistic effects in slowing tumour growth, suggesting a promising new approach for treating aggressive brain tumors.
An international study reveals that the MutS protein, known as the guardian of our genome, coordinates the essential DNA repair process from beginning to end. The researchers used cryo-electron microscopy to visualize the protein and describe its mechanism of action.
Researchers at CNIO describe how embryonic stem cells are maintained in optimal conditions for use in regenerative medicine. The study reveals the molecular events that help stabilize these valuable cells, which can differentiate into any cell type.
Renal fibrosis, a leading cause of kidney failure, has been linked to telomere shortening. Researchers found that short telomeres exacerbate epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, promoting pathological scarring of kidney tissue. They propose treating renal fibrosis by lengthening telomeres and restoring normal gene expression.
The CNIO team found that telomeres respond to external signals inducing cell proliferation and that blocking these signals can interfere with cancer cells becoming immortal. The study identifies telomeres as a key target of the AKT pathway, which plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis.
A large international consortium has identified nine genes that increase breast cancer risk, which can now be used to personalize follow-up and screening programs. The study analyzed 113,000 samples and confirms the importance of these genes in predicting breast cancer risk.
A new study suggests that targeting the RANK signaling pathway can enhance antitumor immune responses, making breast cancer more responsive to immunotherapy. The findings come from a clinical trial and preclinical research, demonstrating the potential of this approach to convert 'cold' tumors into 'warm' ones.
A team of researchers from CNIO describes how the enterovirus coxsackievirus type B4 can induce diabetes by deregulating the URI protein and silencing the Pdx1 gene. This finding has potential implications for understanding the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and diabetes.
A research team led by Marisol Soengas discovered that melanoma cells use the MIDKINE protein to evade the immune system, leading to increased resistance to immunotherapy. Blocking MIDKINE can restore normal immune function and lead to tumor attack.