Articles tagged with Databases
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers have developed a database of parasite-host interactions among ancient ocean animals, shedding light on the evolution of biodiversity and the impact of parasitism on ecosystems. The study suggests that parasites can positively stabilize coastal ecosystems, making them more stable despite individual harm to hosts.
The Gutenberg Gait Database provides a reference set of data for healthy individuals to diagnose and treat gait disorders. The database, compiled from 350 volunteers aged 11-64, offers processed raw data and ready-to-use data for orthopedic institutes and research organizations.
The Northern New Jersey Spinal Cord Injury System has been funded by the National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research since 1990. The grant enables researchers to investigate new approaches to improving employment outcomes after spinal cord injury.
A study by a researcher at American University found that Massachusetts gun-control legislation had no immediate impact on reducing four types of violent crime, including murder, aggravated assault, and robbery. The study suggests that lawmakers should revisit their legislation to ensure it is being implemented as intended.
Researchers at UVA Health System found that fluoxetine, an antidepressant commonly known as Prozac, shows promise against age-related macular degeneration. Patients taking fluoxetine were less likely to develop dry AMD, a condition affecting nearly 200 million people worldwide.
A UNSW-led study analyzing 10 years of citizen science data found that almost half of marine debris can be linked to land-based sources. Plastic accounts for 84% of the rubbish found on Australian beaches, with a significant portion coming from external sources such as stormwater drains near capital cities.
Researchers have developed a novel data storage method using mixtures of fluorescent dyes, which can store binary information at high density with fast read/write speeds. The technique encodes sequences of 0s and 1s into dye molecules, allowing for the storage of digital information for thousands of years or longer.
A new list of 546 expert-curated pathogenic variants in 84 genes has been developed for use in next-generation sequencing (NGS) genetic testing. This curated resource addresses the complexities of large assays and provides a scalable solution for test developers and laboratories.
Researchers developed an Internet information system, virusMED, to provide a comprehensive picture of viruses' most important regions. The database contains over 800 strains from 75 different families, including SARS-CoV-2, influenza, Ebola, and HIV-1, enabling scientists to respond quickly and effectively against the next pathogen.
The BiCIKL project links biodiversity data types and classes across 14 European institutions, creating a Biodiversity Knowledge Hub for seamless access. This initiative streamlines Open Science and FAIR practices, empowering researchers with efficient tools to explore and utilize biodiversity data.
The number of autism diagnoses in England has skyrocketed by 787% over the past two decades, driven primarily by increased recognition and improved diagnosis for females. Researchers analyzed GP records and found that the greatest rises were among adults, with females making up most of the increase.
Researchers used extensive 2D and 3D broadband seismic reflection data to visualize and understand the subsurface structures of the Orphan Basin. The study provides context for future assessments of source rock, reservoir, and seal strata in oil and gas exploration.
The world's largest repository of raw genomic sequences is missing critical data necessary for monitoring and preserving biodiversity. Only 14% of archived datasets contain information about when and where organisms were sampled, highlighting the need for community standards to preserve metadata.
The GPGD database contains records for 903 herb species, including DNA barcodes, organelle genomes, and whole genomes. It provides essential resources for species identification, biosynthetic pathway decomposition, and molecular-assisted breeding analysis.
Researchers estimate that up to 1.7% of the Japanese population may have undiagnosed Gitelman syndrome, a salt-wasting tubulopathy that affects kidney function and electrolyte balance. The condition can lead to fatigue, muscle weakness, and arrhythmia, but is often misdiagnosed or overlooked due to its subtle symptoms.
Research reveals a significant decline in kidney function among COVID-19 long-haulers and even those with mild infections. The study highlights the critical need for paying attention to kidney function and disease in caring for patients who have had COVID-19, as kidney problems can be silent and untreated until it's too late.
A multi-site, multi-disorder resting-state magnetic resonance image database was compiled to harmonize data from patients with various diseases, measured at 14 sites. The dataset comprises over 2,400 samples and includes 'traveling-subject' data to minimize inter-site differences.
Researchers have identified a novel genetic marker, rs139185008, that distinguishes C9orf72 repeat expansion carriers from non-carriers in large population-based cohorts. This SNP is strongly associated with patients having a clinical diagnosis of FTLD and motor neuron disease ALS.
Researchers found that stiffness is the most problematic characteristic of spasticity after spinal cord injury, affecting daily life and function. Non-pharmacological interventions such as stretching and exercise are more effective than medications in managing symptoms.
A database of 3,000 lead isotope analyses has been compiled for the Iberian Peninsula, providing a comprehensive resource for geological and archaeological research. The IBERLID database includes standardized data on minerals, rocks, and metallic objects, facilitating comparison and analysis.
Researchers identified a genetic mutation in nonhuman primates that closely resembles Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, a rare and progressive disorder affecting the central nervous system. The discovery was made possible by a massive genomic database built at OHSU's Oregon National Primate Research Center.
Researchers created a new open-access database to speed up the repurposing of old drugs as new treatments for various conditions. The NICEdrug.ch database includes information on 250,000 potential drug molecules and shows promising results in predicting drug behavior.
A 48-year record of Australian collecting trips has been made publicly available, providing accurate details on specimen collection dates and locations. The data is now accessible via the Zenodo open-data repository in Darwin Core format.
A new $2.7 million grant from the US Department of Energy will support a three-year research effort to identify and store quantum information in solids, enabling significant advancements in quantum computing. The project aims to build a database of viable qbits by analyzing defects in solids.
The AlphaFold Protein Structure Database provides the most accurate and complete picture of human proteins, enabling researchers to accelerate discovery and advance scientific knowledge. The database covers all ~20,000 human proteins and offers a treasure trove of data that could unlock future advances in AI-enabled biology.
Researchers at EMPA developed a mathematical system to classify cars by their dimensions, enabling easier comparison and potentially replacing expert-based classifications. This system can help standardize car classes across countries, addressing differences in definitions such as mid-size cars.
A new surveillance system has been developed using data from wildlife rehabilitation organizations across California, enabling the detection of unusual patterns of illness and death in near real-time. The system has identified several key events, including domoic acid poisoning in seabirds and canine distemper in raccoons.
A nationwide database of community assets was created to help municipalities craft development plans, finding that natural and cultural assets correlate most strongly with farmers' success. The research suggests that communities with nonprofits, social enterprises, and creative industries support DTC farm marketing efforts.
A new study using EDGAR database shows that urbanisation has led to a significant reduction in greenhouse gas and air pollutant emissions in high-income countries. The majority of global emissions occur in urban areas, with some exceptions like NH3 emissions, which are mostly driven by agricultural activities.
Researchers have found a significant link between air pollution and an increased risk of dysmenorrhea, a common condition characterized by severe menstrual cramps. Long-term exposure to pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and fine particulate matter was shown to raise the risk of developing the disorder by up to 33 times.
A new machine learning technique using everyday item images improves detection of respiratory diseases like COVID-19 and pneumonia in chest x-rays. Researchers used transfer learning to bypass the need for large amounts of medical data, reducing training time.
RAMBO, a new method, cuts indexing times for large DNA databases from weeks to hours and search times from hours to seconds. The researchers used a data structure that has a significantly faster query time than state-of-the-art genome indexing methods.
Southwest Research Institute will create a searchable database of additive manufacturing projects and components. This project utilizes novel data management tools to help engineers review previous projects and learn from others' designs.
Researchers at CU Denver developed Summix to adjust population structure in genetic summary data, increasing utility and equity. The method estimates ancestry proportions with high accuracy, reducing bias in genetic information.
A global geodatabase of vegetation plots has been published as open access, containing data from 114 countries and all climate zones on Earth. The sPlotOpen database provides a balanced representation of the Earth's vegetation, enabling researchers to study biodiversity and climate change across different regions.
A multinational study published in The BMJ found significant differences in adverse event rates among over 126 million people across four continents. The study highlights the importance of considering population differences when monitoring vaccine safety.
Researchers have developed a Ramanome Database to rapidly identify and characterize microalgae, which can convert carbon dioxide into valuable compounds. The database achieves 97% accuracy in identifying species and their metabolic functions, accelerating the mining of microalgal cell factories for carbon-neutral production.
A population-based cohort study in Catalonia, Spain, found positive associations between RA and COVID-19 diagnosis and hospitalization. In contrast, no association was observed between RA and worsening from outpatient to hospital or death. Further research is needed to address comorbidities and immunosuppressive medications.
A recent study found that adults with early-onset colorectal cancer (diagnosed before age 50) have significantly better survival rates than those diagnosed later in life. The research used data from the National Cancer Database and found a significant difference in survival rates between the two groups.
The La Jolla Institute for Immunology has launched the Cancer Epitope Database and Analysis Resource (CEDAR), a new global cancer immunology resource, thanks to $4.2 million in National Cancer Institute funding. Researchers can now easily search and contribute data on potential immune system targets on various types of cancer cells.
A national database analysis reveals a cumulative incidence of 2.75% for autism spectrum disorders among children born between 2009 and 2014. The study found regional differences and an increasing trend over the years, with the proportion of diagnosed individuals showing a significant increase globally.
Researchers have updated one of the world's largest databases on neuronal types, Hippocampome.org, with a comprehensive mapping between neural activity and identified neuron types. This may enable biologically meaningful computer modeling of the full neuronal circuit of the hippocampus.
The Locomotion Vault project provides a central, freely-available resource to analyze various virtual reality locomotion techniques. Researchers and developers can use the interactive database to inform decisions about the best approach for their application, while also identifying gaps where future investigation might be necessary.
A study of historical equatorial auroral records from Seoul, South Korea, suggests that the West Pacific Anomaly may be an analog to the current South Atlantic Anomaly. The record shows strong fluctuations centered around 1590 and 1720, indicating changes in regional magnetic field strength not captured by current geomagnetic models.
The Duchenne Regulatory Science Consortium (D-RSC) database will share individual-level data with qualified researchers to accelerate therapy development for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The database includes data from clinical trials and natural history studies, and is fully de-identified to ensure participant anonymity.
A major study reveals COVID-19 survivors have an almost 60% increased risk of death over six months compared to the general population. The research catalogued numerous diseases associated with long-term complications of COVID-19, pointing to a massive health burden.
A study by Samuel Preston and Yana Vierboom compared age-specific mortality rates between the US and European regions. The US experienced 13.02 million years of life lost to excess mortality in 2017, a 64.9% increase since 2000.
Researchers have developed a new search engine, DIAMOND, that enables fast and accurate comparison of protein sequences across species. With an 80- to 360-fold computational speedup compared to BLAST, DIAMOND is poised to revolutionize comparative genomics research and enable the analysis of millions of eukaryotic genomes.
The Deep-time Digital Earth program is a 'big science' initiative that aims to transform research in deep-time Earth Science through data-driven abductive discovery. The program will create an open platform for linking existing deep-time Earth data and integrating geological data, enabling users to explore Earth's evolution by specifyi...
Researchers from the University of Granada and the University of Cádiz have developed a computer system that can help film scriptwriters create successful storylines by analyzing common tropes in films. The system uses artificial intelligence to predict which narrative devices or plot twists are likely to work well with audiences.
The IASLC Molecular Database Project seeks to accelerate understanding of lung cancer biology, clinical care, and global scale. It aims to provide a platform for deeper, broader understanding of molecular testing and targeted therapy.
The launch of a comprehensive tropical cyclone database and recent marine observing experiments may improve prediction accuracy and help mitigate disasters. Researchers aim to better understand tropical cyclones to inform disaster reduction planning, using technologies like artificial intelligence and unmanned vehicles.
A recent study estimates that invasive species have caused at least $1.288 trillion in economic losses globally since 1970, with costs tripling each decade.
A new study analyzes thousands of geological features to quantify the response of ancient eolian systems to global climatic shifts. The results demonstrate that preserved sedimentary architectures developed under icehouse and greenhouse conditions are fundamentally different due to contrasting environmental conditions. This research ca...
A new online database, CarniDIET, has been created to provide detailed information on the diets of carnivores worldwide. Users can search for data by species or country and access interactive maps to understand geographical variations in diet.
A new study published in Science has mapped the gut microbiota of over 200 species of animals in the wild, discovering millions of previously unknown potential human therapeutics. The study's findings add 30 million genes to Wild Biotech's database, which now comprises hundreds of animal species and 100 million genes.
A team of Brown University computer scientists has devised a way to implement a national gun registry that protects privacy and allows counties to control their data. The proposed system uses advanced encryption and decentralized data control, allowing authorized users to search the database without decrypting it.
A new study proves the fundamental feasibility of using AI to assess surgical skills, achieving 87% accuracy in identifying good or moderate surgical skill. The innovative three-stage approach uses computer algorithms to analyze instrument movement and correlate with expert ratings.
The University of Guam will develop an online open-access database to make CHamoru language and culture learning resources more accessible. The multi-phased project aims to collect, organize, and digitize existing resources, partnering with local and regional organizations.
AusStage, a digital humanities platform preserving Australian live performance history, has been awarded a UNESCO Memory of the World accolade. The recognition highlights the importance of preserving artistic activity and its impact on understanding Australia's cultural heritage.