Articles tagged with Cancer Relapse
Recent trials have shown that testing for tumour DNA in the blood can identify advanced bladder cancer patients who are less likely to relapse after surgery, allowing doctors to target treatments more effectively.
Researchers identify mitochondrial priming as a key driver of multi-drug resistance in relapsed acute myeloid leukemia. A new technique called dynamic BH3 profiling reveals anti-cancer drugs capable of overcoming resistance.
A research team at the University of Cologne has identified mechanisms governing drug response in small cell lung cancer. The study reveals that large populations of treatment-sensitive cells often hide numerous therapy-resistant cells that can multiply unchecked after successful treatment.
Researchers discovered genes encoding growth regulators normally not present in myeloid cells are expressed by leukaemic stem cells, allowing them to grow. Repurposed drugs targeting these receptors show promise in blocking stem cell growth and preventing disease relapse in specific types of AML.
Researchers identify a promising prognostic biomarker for lung cancer using circulating tumor DNA-based minimal residual disease detection. The study found that this method can effectively guide treatment decisions and predict recurrence risk, potentially modifying the lung cancer treatment paradigm.
Researchers found that high levels of FSP1 are associated with relapse after cisplatin treatment in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Targeting FSP1 can attenuate tumor stemness and downregulate invasion and metastatic rates, suggesting a potential new approach for treating drug-tolerant persister cancer cells.
A Phase 3 clinical trial found that combining testosterone-blocking drugs prevents cancer spread and extends treatment time in patients with relapsed prostate cancer. The approach is more effective than single-drug treatment in delaying cancer progression.
Researchers from Brazil discuss the management of refractory or relapsed classic Hodgkin lymphoma in adults, highlighting novel agents such as brentuximab vedotin and immunotherapy. The Brazilian healthcare system's constraints are also considered when making treatment decisions.
Researchers explore the properties of cytostatic persisters in cancer treatment, highlighting their therapeutic potential and challenges. The study suggests that targeting these persisters before resistance emerges can reduce cancer recurrence.
A VHIO-led study has identified DPPA3 as a regulator of dormant cancer cells and chemoresistance in colorectal cancer. High levels of DPPA3 are found to predict disease relapse, while HIF1 is proposed as a potential therapeutic target to sensitize CRC cells to chemotherapy.
A Rice University-led team of researchers has been awarded $45 million to develop a new sense-and-respond implant technology that could improve immunotherapy outcomes for patients with difficult-to-treat cancers. The technology, called THOR, aims to provide real-time data from the tumor environment to guide more effective therapies.
Scientists from IRB Barcelona have revealed how chromosomal instability activates a signalling pathway known as JAK/STAT, promoting caspase activity and DNA injury. This damage allows cells to escape from the primary tumour, thereby leading to metastasis.
A new approach to immunotherapy has shown long-term survival rates exceeding 50% in children with high-risk neuroblastoma. Stem cell transplantation from a parent provides a renewed immune system that responds better to immunotherapies, improving outcomes.
Researchers investigated H3K27me3 expression patterns in pediatric brain tumors, finding a global loss of this epigenetic mark in diffused midline glioma (DMG). This loss was associated with high relapse rates and poor survival, highlighting the potential for targeting H3K27me3 as an epigenetically guided cancer therapy.
Researchers report a case of a 15-year-old boy with recurrent intrathoracic synovial sarcoma who achieved partial response with BRAF inhibitor Vemurafenib treatment. The study highlights the importance of routine next-generation sequencing to drive treatment choice and investigate BRAF mutations in SS tumors.
A new study by researchers at Dartmouth Cancer Center shows that a combination of estrogen and PARP inhibitors can effectively treat advanced ER+ breast cancer by damaging cancer cells and preventing DNA repair. The treatment strategy has been shown to be effective regardless of BRCA1 or BRCA2 genetic mutations.
A team of researchers has identified a unique genetic signature in CAR T-cells that enables them to persist in the body for a longer time, leading to improved remission rates for children with leukaemia. This discovery provides a new understanding of why some CAR T-cells last longer and can help improve treatment outcomes.
Cancer cells can hide and escape therapies leading to recurrence. Researchers identify three possible mechanisms: cancer stem cells, polyploidy, and senescence. Combination treatments involving chemoradiation-induced transitory senescence and senolytic therapies may be effective in preventing repopulation.
Researchers have developed a new standard for preventing graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after stem cell transplant, showing improved efficacy and reduced side effects compared to the current gold standard. The new regimen achieved higher rates of patient survival without GVHD complications, making it a more effective option for patie...
Researchers at UCL have developed base-edited T-cells that can fight leukemia, showing promise in a NHS clinical trial. Three patients with relapsed T-cell leukaemia were treated with the cells, with one patient experiencing complete remission after just four weeks.
Researchers have made a breakthrough in treating melanoma by adding an mRNA vaccine tailored to individual tumour genetics to common immunotherapy, significantly improving survival and disease recurrence rates. After two years, cancer-free survival increased to 78.6%, and the risk of death or cancer returning was reduced by 44%.
Researchers found that checkpoint inhibitors are not effective in treating relapsed aggressive lymphomas after CAR T therapy. The study involved 96 patients from 15 centers and showed only 19% response to checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
Acute myeloid leukemia is a cancer that affects blood cells and can lead to infection, anemia, and easy bleeding. The Georgia Cancer Center has received a $2.3 million grant to study how cancer cells resist treatment and propose new options to improve patient survival.
A University of Colorado at Boulder research team has discovered a protein crucial for repairing DNA in cancer cells, which they found can be selectively targeted to kill cancer cells without harming healthy ones.
Researchers have shown lorlatinib to be safe and effective in treating high-risk neuroblastoma with ALK gene mutations. The targeted therapy has led to a major amendment in a phase 3 clinical trial, offering new hope for patients with this often lethal cancer.
Researchers at City University of Hong Kong identified lysyl hydroxylase 1 (LH1) as a key factor in promoting confined migration of liver and pancreatic cancer cells. The study found that LH1 promotes metastasis by stabilizing Septin2, which enhances the actin network.
Researchers developed a blood test to detect residual leukemia in AML patients before bone marrow transplant, showing that those with persistent mutations had higher risks of relapse and lower survival rates. The study supports ongoing research on precision medicine and personalized post-transplant care.
Researchers discovered that quiescent ovarian cancer cells secrete follistatin, which induces resistance in neighboring cells and worsens survival rates. Targeting this protein may improve chemotherapy response and boost survival in patients with aggressive ovarian cancer.
Researchers re-examine molecular characteristics of WNT-subgroup patients to identify optimal treatment strategies for low-risk medulloblastoma. Key findings suggest that therapy-related late toxicity remains a concern, despite comparable survival rates between children and adolescents with this disease subtype.
Researchers found that a combination of symptom and high-level viral rebound after untreated COVID-19 infection is rare, occurring in only 3 percent of study participants. This suggests that accounting for underlying rates of symptom relapse is crucial when evaluating antiviral treatment effects.
Researchers report an updated analysis from a phase I study of mivavotinib, a spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell lymphoma. The study showed a 45% overall response rate and median duration of response of 28.1 months in the overall cohort.
Researchers at the University of Bergen have developed a method to predict cancer patient survival within hours of chemotherapy. By analyzing protein ERK1/2 levels in blood samples, they can identify patients who are responding or not responding to treatment, enabling early intervention.
Researchers from the University of Cambridge have identified a method to track and kill resistant cancer cells in mice. By tagging different types of breast cancer cells with unique genetic barcodes, they were able to identify which cells are evading chemotherapy and target them specifically with a new treatment approach.
Researchers at Tulane University discovered that breast cancer cells use complex immune-modulatory programs to evade immune clearance, leading to treatment resistance. They identified 16 immune checkpoint genes and found that chemotherapy triggers a program of immune checkpoints that shield cancer cells from different lines of attack.
Researchers describe results using cladribine-based combination epigenetic and immunotherapy in MCL, achieving an increased overall survival greater than 40 months with durable remissions without relapse for longer than 5 years. The approach is promising in the treatment of MCL and potentially other previously treatment-refractory canc...
The E1910 trial found that adding blinatumomab to standard front-line consolidation chemotherapy improved overall survival and kept most patients in remission. The treatment, which targets malignant B cells, demonstrated its effectiveness in patients with a good prognosis after an initial round of chemotherapy.
Modakafusp alfa has shown significant potential in combating multiple myeloma with 43% of patients experiencing a partial response. The treatment targets interferon in cells expressing CD38, a marker present on myeloma cells and immune cells.
Researchers from The Mount Sinai Hospital found that talquetamab, a bispecific antibody, was successful in killing multiple myeloma cells in over 70% of patients. This therapy directs the immune system to target cancer cells and has shown promise even for those who have resisted all other treatments.
Researchers have demonstrated successful re-treatment with CAR T cell therapy for patients whose cancers relapsed after previous treatment. The novel fourth-generation CAR T therapy, huCART19-IL18, showed safe and potent antitumor efficacy in a Phase I clinical trial.
Researchers found that activating the non-mutated form of P53 can change the fundamental makeup of cancer stem cells in mouse models of mucoepidermoid carcinoma. This new therapy approach shows promise for treating this lethal form of salivary gland cancer.
Researchers found that MK256 induced differentiation and maturation in leukemia stem cells, inhibiting proliferation of AML cell lines. The study also showed dose-dependent inhibition of the STAT pathway in both in vitro and in vivo studies.
Researchers at IRB Barcelona have identified the tiny fraction of tumour cells that remain hidden after surgery, leading to metastatic recurrence. These 'High Relapse Cells' can be eliminated through genetic techniques, preventing metastases and opening the possibility for new therapeutic strategies.
Researchers have found therapies that can help patients with relapsed multiple myeloma who tried CAR-T therapy, including bispecific antibodies and other types of CAR-T cell therapy. The study analyzed 79 patients and found that stem cell transplants and other drug combinations showed some efficacy in these patients.
A new CAR NK cell engineering approach requires two signals to eliminate target cells, improving tumor specificity and enhancing anti-tumor activity. This strategy mitigates NK cell exhaustion and fratricide, leading to better focus on and attack of only the tumor cells.
Researchers are studying the interaction between obesity and nitric oxide synthase in triple-negative breast cancer, aiming to develop a new treatment strategy. Another team is investigating the role of NHE6 protein in multiple myeloma resistance to daratumumab treatment, with the goal of improving therapy outcomes for patients.
A cohort study found that endoscopists performing colonoscopies in FIT-based screening programs should aim for markedly higher ADRs compared to primary colonoscopy screening. The study suggests that high ADRs are associated with lower colorectal cancer incidence and mortality. Researchers recommend using ADR targets, including differen...
Research reveals that tumor cells form temporary structures to avoid destruction by the immune system. The findings suggest that timed inhibition of relevant signaling pathways is necessary alongside immunotherapy to prevent tumor resistance.
A randomized phase III trial found that combination hormonal therapy, delivered for a finite treatment interval of 12 months, more durably suppresses PSA levels compared to hormone injections alone. The treatment approach improved disease progression in patients with high-risk biochemically relapsed prostate cancer.
Researchers at Mount Sinai have discovered a previously unknown mechanism by which not-yet-malignant breast cancer cells can travel to other organs and 'turn on' to become metastatic. The study identified potential diagnostic biomarkers, including the transcription factor NR2F1, that could help predict relapse.
Children of Latino ethnicity with acute lymphoblastic leukemia are more likely to experience relapse compared to non-Hispanic white children, even without minimal residual disease. Detection of MRD status may not be as strong a prognostic factor in predicting the risk of relapse in these patients.
A Phase 3 clinical study of selinexor as maintenance therapy for advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer showed a 30% decrease in hazard for progression or death compared to the placebo-controlled group. Patients with functional p53 genes saw the most pronounced effect, with median progression-free survival at 10 months longer.
The ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group has opened a new treatment arm in the NCI-MATCH trial for patients with DNA mismatch repair deficiency and LAG-3 expression. The trial is evaluating two immunotherapy combinations: relatlimab plus nivolumab and dabrafenib plus trametinib, both targeting BRAF mutations.
Researchers have discovered a new mechanism that causes relapse in multiple myeloma by upregulating the protein CDK6, which controls cell division. Using proteomics and mass spectrometry technology, they found that adding a CDK6 inhibitor to treatment can reverse drug resistance and improve survival odds.
Results from the Phase III EMPOWER trial demonstrate the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitor cemiplimab in improving overall survival for women with recurrent and/or metastatic cervical cancer. The study showed a 31% lower risk of death in patients receiving cemiplimab compared to chemotherapy.
Researchers developed a new personalized test for monitoring cancer recurrence in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients. The MP PCR uses multiple genomic markers to detect disease recurrence sooner, improving treatment strategies and patient stratification.
Survival rates for adult patients with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) after hematopoietic cell transplantation have increased significantly over the past two decades. The two-year overall survival rate rose from 27.8% in 2000-2004 to 54.8% in 2015-2019, despite a significant increase in patient age at relapse.
A study published in Leukemia found that cord blood transplantation (CBT) was more effective than matched related donor transplantation (MRDT) for patients with refractory and relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (R/R AML). The study compared the survival rates of 1,738 CBT-treated patients with those of 713 MRDT-treated patients, revealing...
A study found that one in five cancer survivors mistakenly believed taking vitamins could reduce the risk of cancer return. Those who thought supplements reduced recurrence were three times more likely to take them. Healthcare professionals must advise patients on safe dietary supplement use.
A recent study by NTU Singapore and Singapore General Hospital found that mutations in the DDX3X gene are responsible for chemotherapy resistance in some blood cancer patients. The study also discovered that STAT inhibitors can effectively kill lymphoma cells with DDX3X mutations, providing hope for new treatment options.
Researchers developed a novel model to identify specific genes and genetic alterations in multiple myeloma, stratifying the cancer's severity via DNA and RNA sequencing. This model revealed diverse subtypes and high-risk patients beyond current classifications.