Research on lung cancer detection and treatment. Covers microbial predictors of immunotherapy, MRI detection, microplastics, and RAS-mutant drugs.
The HAMRC will investigate novel approaches to characterize lung cancer epidemiology, somatic mutation burden, and the relationship between HIV-1 infection and accelerated aging. The team aims to develop diagnostic computational imaging algorithms to discern lung cancer from respiratory infections.
Researchers at Princess Margaret Cancer Centre found that over 80% of advanced NSCLC patients had genomic alterations detected in cfDNA. Liquid biopsies were shown to be a timely and effective method for diagnosing and monitoring the disease, with actionable alterations detected in over 56% of treatment-naïve patients.
A pilot study comparing liquid biopsy with tissue-based test found that liquid biopsy results were approximately 10 days faster than tissue biopsy. Liquid biopsy identified actionable genes in 14 cases, while tissue biopsy only detected them in 11 cases.
A clinical trial of selpercatinib has shown promising results for patients with non-small cell lung cancer, achieving high response rates and prolonged survival. The drug specifically targets cancers driven by mutations in the gene RET, with minimal side effects.
A study suggests that a national biennial lung cancer screening program could be cost-effective for Māori in New Zealand. The program aims to reduce population inequities relating to lung cancer among Māori. Early-stage lung cancer can be curable, and screening may help save lives by identifying the disease at an early stage.
In a Phase I clinical trial, sotorasib achieved a confirmed response rate of 32.2% and disease control rate of 88.1% in patients with KRAS G12C-mutant non-small cell lung cancer, with durable clinical benefits and manageable toxicities
A large randomized trial found that post-operative radiotherapy (PORT) does not significantly improve disease-free survival in completely resected non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The study included 501 patients and showed no significant difference in overall survival between the PORT group and the control group.
A phase 1 clinical trial of sotorasib (AMG 510) demonstrated anti-cancer activity in patients with heavily pretreated advanced solid tumors. Patients with non-small cell lung cancer had a 32% response rate and median progression-free survival of 6.3 months.
A recent Finnish twin study reveals that smoking is the primary cause of subarachnoid hemorrhages, which account for up to half of all deaths within months of the haemorrhage. The research indicates a strong causal link between smoking and fatal brain haemorrhages, highlighting the importance of quitting or never starting smoking.
A recent study found that combining aspirin, metformin, and statins may decrease lung cancer incidence and mortality. The research analyzed data from over 732,000 Koreans and discovered that concurrent use of these medications was associated with lower risk and mortality rates.
Researchers have developed an accelerated platform to identify and test potential treatments for early-stage lung cancer using 'organoids' created from lung cells. The studies revealed reduced expression of genes that are markers of mature lung alveolar cells, and increased expression of genes involved in early lung development.
A new study has found that social smokers are more than twice as likely to die of lung disease and eight times as likely to die of lung cancer compared to non-smokers. Researchers say cutting down on smoking is not a substitute for quitting, highlighting the risks of social smoking regardless of the number of cigarettes smoked.
A large cohort study found no association between maternal H1N1 vaccination during pregnancy and risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children. Researchers also found that vaccine exposure in the first trimester did not increase ASD or autistic disorder (AD) risks.
Researchers identified a non-coding RNA molecule, ALAL-1, that aids lung cancer cell proliferation and immune evasion. Lowering ALAL-1 levels reduces tumor growth in mice, suggesting it as a possible therapeutic target.
A team of researchers at the Medical University of South Carolina has identified a critical player in resistance to targeted therapy in lung cancer. The protein NRP2b was found to drive resistance in non-small cell lung cancer cells that had become resistant to therapy, and inhibiting it caused the death of these cells.
Lung cancer incidence rates have decreased in both Black and white men and women since the 1990s, with steeper declines in Black populations. Historically higher smoking rates in Black adults have disappeared, leading to a reversal of the racial gap in lung cancer incidence among young adults.
A study found that current USPSTF and CMS guidelines for lung cancer screening undercount African Americans due to their age, smoking history, and quitting time. The PLCOm2012 model improved sensitivity in both Whites and African American ever-smokers, eliminating the eligibility disparity.
Researchers used nationwide cancer mapping statistics to develop a mathematical model that reveals patterns of cancer incidence by remoteness. The study found cancers having higher incidence in remote areas include head and neck, liver, lung, oesophageal, cervical, and uterine cancers.
The combination of first-line nivolumab and ipilimumab demonstrated an improvement in overall survival compared to platinum-based chemotherapy for patients with unresectable malignant pleural mesothelioma. The study showed a two-year overall survival rate of 40.8% for the treatment arm vs 27.0% for the chemotherapy arm.
In a Phase 3 study, ensartinib demonstrated statistically significant longer progression-free survival compared to crizotinib in ALK+ NSCLC patients. The study found that ensartinib significantly prolonged overall response rate and time-to-treatment-failure rate in brain metastases
A new study reveals that heavier smokers face a 17-fold increase in emphysema and an 8-fold increase in atherosclerosis. The study found associations with 28 separate health conditions, including lung cancer and cardiovascular diseases.
A recent study published in Nature Communications reveals that an enzyme called HDAC3 plays a crucial role in regulating lung macrophage development and homeostasis. The research found that inhibiting this enzyme may provide a new therapeutic approach for treating lung cancer and inflammatory diseases in the airway.
Dr. Tanmay Lele's research focuses on mechanobiology, exploring how cells sense external mechanical forces and generate mechanical forces in cancer. He aims to develop new knowledge of human cancers and their progression, with the goal of improving diagnosis and treatment.
The study found that focusing on subjects less likely to remain in the program, such as smokers and those with negative low-dose CT exams, improves cost-effectiveness and maximizes societal benefits. Adherence increased progressively with higher Lung-RADS categories, and having smoked previously was a significant predictor of adherence.
A comprehensive proteomic analysis of 103 Chinese patients with lung adenocarcinoma revealed molecular characteristics associated with clinical outcomes and potential prognostic biomarkers. The study identified 27 potential plasma biomarkers and several drug targets for LUAD, providing new insights into the disease.
A comprehensive study of lung cancer in non-smokers found that the disease is biologically distinct from smoking-related cases. Genetic changes vary depending on age and sex, with young women showing particular patterns that drive aggressive cancer progression.
This study developed a hemolysis correction equation to improve serum Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) concentration accuracy in small-cell lung cancer diagnostics. The corrected results showed an increased AUC and lower cut-off value for SCLC detection, indicating the importance of hemolysis correction.
A study by researchers at Karolinska Institutet found a significant association between income and survival after surgery for lung cancer. Patients with low household disposable income had significantly worse long-term survival compared to those with high income, even after adjusting for common comorbidities.
A new radiomics model can identify early stage lung cancer patients at high risk for poor survival outcomes and require aggressive follow-up or adjuvant therapy. The model uses two radiomic features to stratify patients into three risk groups, which may have more aggressive cancer despite early detection.
A study suggests that blocking two sugar-transporting proteins could help slow the growth of lung tumors. Researchers genetically engineered mice with lung cancer and found that tumors grew slower when both glucose transporters were lacking.
Researchers at Nagoya University have developed a near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) treatment targeting podoplanin-positive cells in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). NIR-PIT has shown promise in reducing fluorescence from cancer-tagged cells and demonstrating anti-cancer effects.
KinaRx aims to create more effective drugs using a novel platform that targets gene mutations driving cancer growth. The company has developed novel RET inhibitors with promising results in preclinical experiments.
The study found that patients treated with chemotherapy had a significantly increased risk of dying from COVID-19, while those on anticoagulants and corticosteroids also faced higher mortality risks. In contrast, immunotherapies showed no increased risk of mortality.
miR-151a regulates endothelial cell motility and angiogenesis, with Slug expression required for these functions, providing new insights into the processes in the lung niche environment. The study highlights the potential of miR-151a as a therapeutic target against lung cancer.
Scientists discover that nicotine, found in tobacco, promotes the spread of non-small-cell lung cancer cells into the brain. Researchers identify parthenolide as a potential treatment option to prevent brain metastasis.
Researchers discovered resistance to tumor inhibitors arises from gradual adaptation to selective pressures, providing opportunity for effective therapies. The study advances in evolution of resistance and offers evolutionary-informed therapies for future treatments.
Researchers found that continued nicotine use promotes brain metastasis in lung cancer patients, who often struggle to quit due to nicotine addiction. Parthenolide, a compound from the herb Feverfew, blocks this effect and may prevent brain tumors, offering new hope for treatment.
Researchers at UT Arlington are using machine-learning algorithms and computational biology to refine lung cancer treatments. The project aims to customize patient treatment based on individualized prediction models that integrate pathological images and molecular profiling data.
Researchers identified a type of cell fusion between cancer cells and white blood cells called tumor-macrophage fusion (TMF), where the size and number of TMFs may predict disease-free survival. Larger TMFs were linked to shorter disease-free survival rates.
A Phase II clinical trial has demonstrated a 46.5% objective response rate to tepotinib in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer and the MET exon 14 skipping mutation. The study's findings provide a new treatment option for this elderly population, with a durable response lasting almost one year.
The International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer found that molecular testing rates for lung cancer are less than 50% in most countries. The most frequent barrier to testing was cost, followed by quality/standards and access.
PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have shown promise in treating non-small cell lung cancer, but the proportion of patients who benefit from these treatments is relatively small. Researchers are exploring biomarkers to identify potential beneficiaries and improve cost-effectiveness.
A new lung cancer screening cohort study demonstrates low adverse event rates and detects 70% of diagnosed cases at early stages. Family medicine plays a critical role in expanding lung cancer screenings to underserved populations.
The study found that combinations of paclitaxel (PAC) and withaferin A (WFA) are highly synergistic against human non-small cell lung cancer cells, showing greater sensitivity than either treatment alone. WFA was active against PAC-sensitive and PAC-resistant NSCLC cells, demonstrating its potential therapeutic efficacy.
Prostate cancer death rates in the EU are expected to fall, but Poland's rates are rising. Women's lung and pancreatic cancer death rates continue to climb. The European Society for Medical Oncology predicts these trends will impact cancer mortality.
Patients with lung cancer in China who knew their diagnosis survived longer than those who did not, with a median survival time of 18.33 months versus 8.77 months. The study suggests that full disclosure of cancer diagnoses can benefit patients in the long term with proper communication and support.
Research published in Thorax journal found a heightened risk of lung cancer in people with COPD who have never smoked. The risk is comparable to that of smokers without chronic lung disease, suggesting early detection may reduce treatment complications.
Researchers developed a new approach to detecting lung cancer using nanoparticles that can interact with enzymes linked to the disease. The sensors were tested in mice and found to accurately detect tumors at an early stage, reducing false positives.
Researchers at MD Anderson Cancer Center propose using glucose transporter inhibitors to treat tumors with high expression of the SLC7A11 amino acid transporter. This approach targets cancer cells' dependency on glucose for survival, selectively killing 'addicted' cells.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center found that targeting histone deacetylase HDAC11 blocks cancer stem cell self-renewal and overcomes drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer. The study suggests that HDAC11 inhibitors may be a potential therapeutic strategy for NSCLC.
A recent study published in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology found that lung cancer clinical trials funded by the pharmaceutical industry demonstrate no more bias compared to studies funded by other sources. The analysis, led by Dr. Pedro Aguiar, assessed 477 studies and found that pharmaceutical-backed trials had stronger evidence, ev...
Researchers at NYU Abu Dhabi have developed a microfluidic platform that allows for the isolation and study of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from blood samples. The platform enables high precision analysis of CTCs' mechanical properties at the single cell level, holding potential for early cancer detection and monitoring.
Research finds that people with a history of cancer are at over two-fold risk of developing atrial fibrillation (AFib), a heart rhythm disorder. Prostate cancer is most strongly associated with AFib, followed by colon, lung and breast cancers.
A UK study emphasizes the significance of spirometry in identifying chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), particularly among patients with respiratory symptoms. The study found that over-reliance on radiological changes alone may lead to incorrect diagnoses, highlighting the need for comprehensive assessments.
A University of Colorado Cancer Center study found that African American patients were half as likely as non-Hispanic whites to receive PET-CT imaging for non-small cell lung cancer, while Hispanics received it 70% as frequently. This disparity may be due to limited access to specialized imaging equipment and unconscious bias.
A study found that low-dose chest CT scans used for lung cancer screening do not cause significant DNA damage or chromosome aberrations. The results suggest that the risks of low-dose CT are minimal, and it can be used for lung cancer screening.
Including smoking cessation with existing lung cancer screening efforts would significantly reduce lung cancer mortality and increase life-years gained. The study found that point-of-screening cessation interventions could further reduce lung cancer deaths by 14% and increase life-years gained by 81%.
A study has described the pathology of SARS-CoV-2, or COVID-19, for the first time in its early phase. The research reveals edema, proteinaceous exudate, and inflammatory cellular infiltration in patients with COVID-19 pneumonina.
Researchers at University of Pennsylvania developed a blood test that correlates tumor mutations with clinical outcomes. Patients with higher mutation rates experience better responses to PD-1-based immunotherapy and longer survival times.
Researchers have identified two leukemia drugs that could be used to treat lung cancer patients with triple mutant EGFR, a type of non-small cell lung cancer. The drugs, gilteritinib and midostaurin, were found using a new live cell-based method developed by the University of Toronto team.