Articles tagged with Ovarian Cancer
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen have discovered that the BRCA2 gene requires a specific enzyme, PP2A-B56, to repair DNA damage. This finding may pave the way for more targeted treatment of cancer patients with certain mutations.
A Korean population-based cohort study found that cancer, particularly multiple myeloma and leukemia, is associated with an increased risk of kidney failure. The study included approximately 825,000 patients with cancer compared to twice as many without cancer, matched on other characteristics.
Researchers at the University of Alabama at Birmingham have identified DOT1L as a potential therapeutic target for ovarian cancer. Inhibitors of the DOT1L enzyme showed promise in reducing tumor growth and improving survival rates by stimulating pro-tumorigenic metabolic pathways and blocking apoptosis.
Researchers found that microscopic defects in healthy cell alignment can slow down tumor cell invasion. The study used an experimental model to show how topological defects affect the rate of tumor cell invasion, with certain defects causing cancer cells to pass through the barrier more slowly.
Researchers identified mono(ADP-ribose) and NMNAT-2 as potential biomarkers for ovarian cancers, enabling clinicians to determine which patients may respond well or poorly to treatment. The discovery also highlights a selective advantage that can be exploited to inhibit cancer growth.
Researchers have discovered a new group of patients who are likely to benefit from PARP inhibitor therapy, which has shown unprecedented success in treating BRCA1/2 mutated cancers. The study identified tumours with epigenetic marks that silenced the RAD51C gene, making them sensitive to PARP inhibitors.
Mayo Clinic researchers used advanced imaging technology to visualize the BRCA1-BARD1 protein complex and its interaction with chromatin. The study provides new insights into how BRCA1-BARD1 functions, which could lead to improved cancer prevention efforts and drug development.
Researchers at Texas A&M University have developed an organ-on-a-chip that models the interaction between platelets and ovarian cancer tumors, revealing a crucial genetic signaling pathway. This breakthrough technology has potential applications in observing how cancer cells interact with blood vessels and testing novel treatments.
A world-first AI study will map genetic and physical risks of ovarian cancer based on UK Biobank data. The project aims to identify biomarkers for early detection and improve survival rates.
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynaecological cancer with an absence of screening programmes, leading to late diagnosis and poor prognosis. Despite targeted therapies, personalized medicine remains a challenge due to inconsistent symptoms and resistance to chemotherapy.
The company's 3D Predict assay has been validated for predicting responses to temozolomide in glioblastoma patients, with predictive accuracy comparable to its previous results in ovarian cancer. The test identifies future responders and non-responders, enabling personalized treatment strategies.
A new study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences suggests that surgery should precede chemotherapy for certain patients with ovarian cancer. The research used a mathematical model to examine treatment outcomes and found that complete debulking surgery followed by chemotherapy provides better results. For patient...
A new radiopharmaceutical has been developed to treat ovarian cancer, dramatically limiting tumor growth and decreasing tumor mass. The treatment, which can be produced in just 25 minutes at low cost, shows promise as an efficient alternative to existing methods.
A Penn-developed odor test using AI and machine learning distinguishes between cancer cells and benign tumors in blood samples. The tool achieves high accuracy rates for detecting ovarian and pancreatic cancers, showing promise as a non-invasive screening approach.
Researchers from NUS Cancer Science Institute have discovered a link between high levels of DNA repair protein RAD51 and platinum chemotherapy resistance in ovarian cancer patients. This finding could help identify patients who may require novel immunotherapy approaches to improve treatment outcomes.
A new study reveals that breast cancer survivors have a 20-44% higher risk of developing new cancer diagnoses compared to healthy individuals. The research identifies specific breast cancer subtypes and diagnosis ages associated with increased risk of subsequent primary cancers.
A large-scale trial of annual screening for ovarian cancer found that neither method reduced deaths from the disease, contradicting expectations. Early detection strategies detected cancers earlier, but this did not translate into saving lives.
A study published in Nature Communications found that rucaparib is effective in treating ovarian cancers with inherited or somatic mutations in DNA repair genes. The drug targets the Achilles heel of cancers with defects in DNA repair, outperforming chemotherapy in early treatment stages.
The UK Markey Cancer Center has launched a clinical trial to evaluate the anti-cancer activity of ArtemiLife coffee products in preventing ovarian cancer recurrence. Participants will drink coffee up to four times daily for five months after completing treatment, aiming to delay or eliminate cancer return.
A new study published in Diagnostics demonstrates that artesunate, a drug synthesized from Artemisia annua, kills ovarian cancer cells. The researchers found anticancer activity at achievable concentrations, supporting the clinical development of this strategy.
Researchers at McMaster University have discovered a new approach to training immune cells to fight cancer, which has shown promising results in overcoming the hostile conditions found inside solid tumours. The modified natural killer cells were able to destroy advanced ovarian and lung cancer with high effectiveness.
Researchers from MD Anderson Cancer Center present promising results on RET fusion-positive cancers, HGG, LGG, and ovarian cancer. The FDA-approved selpercatinib shows clinical benefits in preventing or inhibiting tumor growth beyond lung and thyroid cancers.
A recent study found that end-of-life care for people with ovarian cancer has not improved significantly since 2007, with Black patients experiencing higher rates of emergency department visits and intensive treatment. Palliative care recommendations have been included in guidelines, but its adoption remains limited.
Australian researchers have made a world-first discovery in targeting an aggressive childhood cancer, neuroblastoma. They found that the cellular protein ALYREF plays a crucial role in accelerating MYCN-driven cancer growth in neuroblastoma cells.
Golfers Against Cancer funds three CU Cancer Center researchers: Matthew Sikora studying genetic predispositions to ovarian cancer, Jamie Studts exploring lung cancer screening access, and Jenna Sopfe developing a standardized approach to sexual dysfunction in pediatric cancer survivors.
Researchers have identified a previously unknown dual function of polymerase theta (pol theta) in DNA repair, which could lead to the development of new therapeutic options for breast and ovarian cancers. The finding shows pol theta can both extend DNA and trim it, making it a potential target for treatment development.
A study by Queen Mary University researchers investigated how women at high risk of ovarian cancer make choices about possible preventive surgery. Women who have BRCA1 and BRCA2 genetic mutations have a higher lifetime risk of ovarian cancer, and may choose to undergo surgery to reduce their risk.
A new study from the University of Minnesota Medical School found that Pap test samples can detect proteins also present in ovarian cancer tumor tissues. This discovery suggests potential biomarker candidates for early detection of ovarian cancer, which currently has no early warning system.
The European Union has funded a project to develop diagnostic tools and combination treatments for ovarian cancer using AI. The research aims to identify patients whose cancer is not responding to current treatments and discover effective, personalized therapies.
Researchers found that antibodies produced by B cells predominantly have the IgA subtype, which inhibits RAS signaling, sensitizing tumor cells to T cell-mediated killing. This study provides insights into how immune components regulate ovarian cancer progression and offers new approaches for targeted immunotherapies.
This study elucidates the molecular mechanism of 2-methoxyestradiol (2MeOE2) inducing apoptosis in ovarian tumors through PKCδ signaling. The findings suggest that 2MeOE2 activates PKCδ, leading to γH2Ax expression and apoptotic histone modifications, thereby driving apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells.
Researchers discovered that ovarian cancer cells undergo structural changes in their mitochondria to survive and proliferate in the peritoneal cavity. This adaptation enables aggressive cancerous cells to grow and spread, making it harder to detect and treat. Understanding these cellular adaptations could lead to new targeted therapies.
Mutations in the ARID1A gene increase glutamine metabolism in ovarian cancer cells, which can be blocked to target ARID1A-mutant tumors. Glutaminase inhibitors like CB-839 show promise as a standalone or combination therapy for clear cell ovarian carcinoma.
A new advanced computing technique enables doctors to take fewer, more accurate tumour biopsies by combining computed tomography (CT) scans with ultrasound images. This method captures the patchwork of different cancer cell types within a tumour, critical for selecting the best treatment.
A comprehensive study of over 250,000 women found oral contraceptives significantly reduce the risk of ovarian and endometrial cancer, with benefits persisting even years after use ends. The findings contradict previous associations with increased breast cancer risk.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University developed a CRISPR-Cas9 system that specifically targets cancer cells, destroying them by genetic manipulation. The system improved the average life expectancy of mice with glioblastoma tumors by 30% and increased overall survival rate in metastatic ovarian cancer mice model by 80%.
A new study published in JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute indicates that receiving assisted reproductive technology does not increase the risk women have for developing ovarian cancer. While fertility treatments may slightly increase borderline ovarian tumor risk, this association appears to be due to underlying patient c...
Population-wide screening of 30-year-old women resulted in 75 fewer cancer cases per 100,000 women, with a gain of 288 quality-adjusted-life-years compared to 97 for women aged 45.
Scientists have created a 3D tumour model for ovarian cancer, which can mimic the way tumour cells grow and respond to chemotherapy drugs. The new model has the potential to improve understanding and treatment of the disease.
This observational study examines survival rates and chemotherapy use before surgery in US women with advanced ovarian cancer between 2004-2016. The study found improvements in treatment and survival rates over time, with more patients receiving chemotherapy before surgery.
Researchers from CU published a paper on ovarian cancer tumor composition changes during chemotherapy, revealing potential biomarkers for therapeutic response. The team aims to improve prediction of patient response to chemotherapy using multi-spectral immunohistochemistry and transcriptomics.
Researchers at the University of Turku developed a rapid point-of-care diagnostic test to detect ovarian cancer from blood samples in 30 minutes. The new test shows improved sensitivity and accuracy compared to conventional CA125 diagnostics.
Scientists at Cornell University's veterinary college have identified the genetic drivers of ovarian cancer, a deadly disease that kills more women than any other cancer. The study reveals that ovarian surface stem cells are more susceptible to mutations, while certain genes can inhibit cancer initiation.
Researchers found GATA3 and APOBEC3B overexpressed in adrenocortical carcinoma, regulating cell proliferation and DNA damage. Their expression levels are linked to patient survival, providing novel insights into ACC prognosis.
Researchers found a slight increase in risk of ovarian cancer and some types of breast cancer among women who used permanent hair dyes. Natural hair color was also associated with an increased risk of certain cancers, while the use of darker hair dye colors may be linked to higher concentrations of ingredients.
Researchers have identified a metabolic vulnerability in cells that may represent a therapeutic target for treating small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT). A new treatment agent has been shown to starve cancer cells by eliminating arginine, an amino acid necessary for protein production.
A new two-stage surgical protocol delays the induced menopause caused by ovary removal, providing some ovarian cancer risk reduction while avoiding detrimental consequences. The study found that 69% of premenopausal women at high risk of ovarian cancer were interested in this alternative option.
Researchers developed a tumour gene test that accurately predicts ovarian cancer survival, outperforming age and cancer stage. The test identifies high-risk patients for personalized treatment options.
A CUNY ISPH study reveals that ovarian cancer grows and evolves continuously, with mixtures of subclones accumulating mutations. The findings challenge previous simplistic models of discrete subtypes, offering a clearer picture of tumor heterogeneity.
Researchers discovered a way to target cancer cells by blocking functions of Flap Endonuclease 1 (FEN1), which is involved in DNA replication and repair. The approach preferentially killed BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutant cancer cell lines, with normal cells recovering from FEN1 inhibition.
L-Grb2 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (L-Grb2) has promising antitumor activity in preclinical models of ovarian and uterine carcinoma, reducing angiogenesis and increasing apoptosis. L-Grb2's therapeutic efficacy suggests a potential new target for cancer treatment.
A global study led by Queen Mary University of London found that screening entire populations for breast and ovarian cancer genes can prevent millions more cases than current clinical practice. The research shows that cost-effective genetic testing can be implemented in high and upper-middle income countries to save lives.
A study by TGen has identified a drug, SP-2577, which can enable the immune system to attack ovarian cancer. The drug, also known as Seclidemstat, was developed to inhibit LSD1, a protein that is abundant in SCCOHT ovarian cancer.
Researchers utilized a computational method to analyze the CDR3 regions of T-cell receptors from high-grade serous ovarian cancers. The study found that patients with low T-cell infiltration but diverse or focused repertoires had clinical outcomes similar to highly-infiltrated tumors. The authors identified the degree of divergence bet...
Researchers developed a new test, PrOTYPE, to classify high-grade serous ovarian cancer into four molecular subtypes. This test allows clinicians to tailor treatments to individual patients' tumours with over 95% accuracy.
A study published in Oncotarget reports that adoptive cell therapy in combination with checkpoint inhibitors improves T cell fold expansion and increases CD8 T cell tumor reactivity in patients with late-stage metastatic ovarian cancer. The authors suggest that combination immunotherapy may be a way forward for this purpose.
Researchers found that ovarian cancer patients with a modified BRCA1 gene do not respond better to platinum chemotherapy or have a better prognosis than those with the normal functioning gene. However, they did live longer on these treatments compared to those without any gene modifications.
A new clinical trial has validated a remote genetic counseling approach, enabling women to assess their cancer risk from the comfort of their own homes. The study showed that skipping personalized counseling did not increase patients' distress and may lead to increased access for genetic testing.
A phase III clinical trial found that the addition of cediranib to olaparib and standard platinum-based chemotherapy did not improve progression-free survival outcomes, but showed similar activity in patients. The study suggests potential for non-platinum based alternatives in certain biomarker subgroups.
A study by the Hubrecht Institute found that oviduct cells are more prone to develop into tumors than ovarian surface epithelium cells. This suggests a possible shift in treatment approach, with earlier removal of fallopian tubes considered as a preventive measure for high-risk patients.