Articles tagged with Disease Control
A new study published in AJIC found that enhanced pandemic-related infection prevention and control measures significantly decreased healthcare-associated infections, including C. difficile, CLABSI, and RVIs. The findings suggest prioritizing evidence-based IPC practices can reduce HAIs even among vulnerable populations during extreme ...
Research suggests that trans men and women have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease, while the link to diabetes remains uncertain. Testosterone therapy may contribute to increased cardiovascular risk in trans men, whereas hormone treatments for trans women do not explain this association.
The Second International Consensus Report on Precision Diabetes Medicine addresses the need for personalized approaches in diabetes care. The report highlights the potential of precision medicine to improve prevention and treatment outcomes by accounting for disease heterogeneity.
A study by Professor Mark Webber and his team found that the NRCS-A strain of Staphylococcus capitis is commonly carried on the skin and in the gut of uninfected neonatal babies, making transmission between babies within NICUs likely. The bacteria's unique genes allow it to survive in the gut, making cleaning the skin ineffective.
A team of researchers has developed a stable, long-lasting superhydrophobic surface with a plastron that can last for months underwater. The surface repels blood and prevents the adhesion of marine organisms, making it valuable for biomedical applications such as reducing infection after surgery.
A large public health survey in rural South Africa found that approximately half of people living with HIV, diabetes or hypertension have unmet health needs. The study's novel framework quantifies met and unmet health needs for individuals living with infectious and non-communicable diseases.
A new study using wastewater surveillance has predicted the start of the annual RSV season 12 days early, allowing hospitals to prepare and allocate resources effectively. The study used real-time wastewater measurements to forecast the surge in pediatric RSV cases, providing a population-level early warning signal for the community.
Researchers found that antigen testing significantly reduces the probability of cluster occurrence by identifying and isolating infected persons. However, it may not be effective against highly infectious mutant strains like Omicron, highlighting the need for booster vaccination campaigns and other infection control measures.
Researchers developed three new two-photon probes that can visualize organelles in cells, enabling better understanding of cellular functions and tissue imaging. The probes are designed to detect pH levels, viscosity, and ionic species, providing more specific insights into cell viability and treatment responses.
A real-world study confirms the reliability and effectiveness of the Pooled Cohort Equation (PCE) in assessing cardiovascular risk, regardless of statin use. The PCE performed well across different demographics and retained accuracy with measurement factors outside its original risk profile range.
Researchers developed a new technology to test new drugs against liver diseases by recreating the real human liver environment. The model consists of live liver cells in an artificial blood vessel system, allowing for controlled testing and monitoring.
A recent study conducted at the University of São Paulo's Medical School found that isolating patients with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) in emergency departments (ER) for over two days can significantly reduce CRE transmission. The researchers also discovered that the ER structure, including bed layout and hand hygiene...
Using data from Mass General Brigham’s electronic health records, researchers found that SARS-CoV-2 accounted for approximately 1 in 6 cases of sepsis during the COVID-19 pandemic. The mortality rate for patients with SARS-CoV-2-associated sepsis was initially high but declined over time.
A pharmacist-led intervention has been shown to improve medication adherence among Latinos with type 2 diabetes, leading to significant reductions in blood sugar levels. The study found that patients who interacted with a pharmacist had an average 0.45% reduction in blood sugar, while systolic blood pressure remained unchanged.
The American Heart Association calls for building on existing research and implementing cross-sector approaches to Food Is Medicine. FIM programs aim to improve health outcomes by providing healthy food resources to treat, manage, and prevent specific chronic conditions.
Researchers have discovered a unique adhesin in Candida auris that enables it to stick to surfaces and cause disease. The study found that this adhesin, SCF1, is essential for colonization and virulence, suggesting a potential target for anti-fungal therapy.
Researchers found that blueberries infected with Colletotrichum fioriniae emit odors repelling spotted-wing drosophila. By recreating this aroma, farmers can trick flies into perceiving healthy fruit as infected, reducing the need for insecticides.
A new Michigan State University and Corewell Health research found that in-home prenatal services can significantly reduce the risk of premature births and infant deaths. Pregnant individuals receiving enhanced prenatal care saw a 57% reduced risk, while expectant Black mothers experienced an even greater reduction.
Researchers found dementia prevalence among people with ID to be 6.44%, with modifiable risk factors identified as hypertension, depression, stroke, age, severity of ID, duration of education, and traumatic brain injury. These findings can inform better screening and support for individuals with intellectual disabilities.
Researchers identified specific blood biomarkers that can accurately identify patients with long COVID, revealing distinct immune and hormone function differences. The study also found abnormal T cell activity, reactivation of latent viruses, and reduced cortisol levels in patients with long COVID.
Research found ginger consumption makes neutrophils more resistant to NETosis, a process that contributes to inflammation and autoimmune diseases. Ginger supplementation also boosted chemical levels in neutrophils, inhibiting NETosis in response to disease-relevant stimuli.
The American Heart Association and the American Academy of Neurology have announced a new scholarship program supporting early career trainees focused on brain health. The Ralph L. Sacco Scholarships will award two $150,000 scholarships annually to pursue research or public health service projects on prevention and maintenance of brain...
The Intergovernmental Negotiating Body Bureau emphasizes the importance of social media regulation and digital health literacy in managing infodemics, which can spread false information on public health matters. Effective infodemic management is seen as a critical component of the Pandemic Accord to safeguard lives worldwide.
A new experimental mRNA vaccine provides protection in preclinical animal models against infection from Borrelia burgdorferi, the bacteria that causes Lyme disease. The vaccine prevents the development of Lyme disease and may represent a powerful tool in reducing Lyme disease cases.
A recent study published in the American Journal of Kidney Diseases found that lower uromodulin levels are associated with a higher risk of developing end-stage kidney disease. Participants who experienced steeper declines in uromodulin also showed an increased risk of kidney failure.
Researchers found that beta-blockers can revive exhausted killer T cells, making them better cancer fighters. The study discovered a link between the sympathetic stress response and immune system response to cancer.
A new study from Texas A&M University finds an association between vaping and asthma in US adolescents who have never smoked conventional tobacco products. The study highlights the need for strategies to tackle e-cigarette use and its adverse health effects.
A new study found that most C. diff infections are caused by characteristics associated with the patient themselves, not hospital transmission. Researchers analyzed fecal samples from over 1,100 ICU patients and discovered only six genomically supported transmissions during a nine-month period.
Researchers use genomic surveillance to identify distinct sexual networks for syphilis transmission in England, highlighting the presence of drug resistance. The study reveals information beyond standard epidemiological surveillance data, aiding public health strategies to break transmission chains.
New research from Boston Medical Center's Grayken Center for Addiction found that municipalities offering wide-ranging social services to overdose survivors saw a 21% decrease in fatal overdoses. The study suggests connections to housing, food, employment, and transportation may be key to successful post-overdose outreach programs.
A recent study published in the Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology found that HbA1c levels are markedly higher in young black youth compared to whites with type 1 diabetes. This disparity can lead to increased risk of hypoglycemia and long-term complications if primarily used for insulin management.
Researchers have developed a new vaccination method that induces the production of antibodies in mucus, which can disable viruses. This approach has shown promising results in monkeys, suggesting that oral vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 may be more effective and popular than traditional subcutaneous vaccinations.
Researchers at University of California - Riverside uncover COVID's Achilles heel - its dependence on key human proteins. By understanding how the virus interacts with human cells, a new class of antiviral medication may be developed to block replication and treatment.
A Pittsburgh-based surveillance system detected a drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection linked to artificial tears months before the national public health alert. The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of whole genome sequencing-based surveillance in detecting outbreaks and preventing nationwide cases.
CityU and AFCR have signed a MoU to promote cutting-edge cancer-related innovative inventions and commercialization. The partnership aims to foster the development of biomedicine and related innovation, with world-leading scholars from Harvard Medical School attending the inaugural 'Innovation Series in Biomedicine' forum.
A study of 50,000 COVID-19 cases found that immunity following infection provides better protection against transmission than vaccination, but only for a short period. Vaccination reduces contagiousness over a longer time, making it essential to consider simple public health measures like air filtration and mask-wearing.
Accelerometer sensors can detect sickness behavior in wild boar, allowing for early detection of African Swine Fever. The study found that infected boars were 10-20% less active daily than healthy ones, making this technology a potential tool for disease control and prevention.
A recent study published in PLOS Biology suggests that chemotherapy injury to surrounding non-cancer cells can awaken dormant breast cancer cells, promoting cancer growth and recurrence. The researchers found that the release of specific cell signaling molecules, G-CSF and IL-6, by injured stromal cells drives this process.
Researchers developed a self-decontaminating fabric that kills coronaviruses in under 5 seconds using Joule heating. The material can handle hundreds of uses with minimal waste, transforming the way personal protective equipment is made and used.
Researchers at the University of Missouri have identified a way to improve immunological memory produced by T cells in response to influenza infection, potentially leading to more effective vaccines and treatments. The study found that manipulating a molecular signaling pathway can strengthen and prolong the immune response.
Babies with more mature gut microbiota at one year old are less likely to develop allergy-related wheeze or asthma. The study, which followed 1074 babies from birth to four years old, found that increased maturity of the gut microbiota was associated with a lower risk of these conditions.
A study of nearly 20,000 patients found that the color of their phlegm can indicate the degree of inflammation in their lungs and predict future outcomes. Patients with darker green or brown-colored sputum were at a higher risk of exacerbations, hospitalizations, and death.
A recent study has successfully predicted potential drug outcomes and side effects by analyzing the discrepancy in gene perturbation effects between cells and humans. Researchers used machine learning to forecast drug approvals, improving reliability over conventional methods that only consider chemical properties.
Researchers from Shinshu University identified citrullination as a key mechanism in lung cancer metastasis. A novel CitFbg peptide was developed to block metastatic cell homing and reduce the risk of cancer spread.
Research highlights ways to blend caring profession into virtual landscape, focusing on pre-visit, visit, and post-visit phases. Key findings emphasize active listening, reflective listening, and maintaining professional appearance for effective communication.
A 12.3% increase in blood pressure control was achieved among at-risk populations through community-based, self-measured blood pressure control programs. These programs, implemented in partnership with patients and healthcare professionals, utilized evidence-based interventions to address the needs of disproportionately affected groups.
Researchers found that pregnant mice experiencing copy number variation (CNV) showed similarities to aging, with biomarkers and genetic effects appearing during pregnancy and reversing after delivery. This study aims to revolutionize aging treatment by investigating the mechanisms behind post-labor rejuvenation.
The CDC's Adapting Clinical Guidelines for the Digital Age (ACG) initiative introduces a new integrated process for developing written and computable clinical practice guidelines. This approach allows for feedback from clinicians and can save time and costs. The goal is to achieve a seamless, efficient, accurate, and consistent transla...
Researchers discovered that aging alters the pancreas's circadian rhythm by reorganizing its transcriptome. The study found that fibroblasts play a crucial role in regulating this reorganization, which affects the organ's resilience to aging-related pathologies.
Researchers discovered a subtype of avian flu virus is undergoing mutational changes that could increase its risk of being passed on to humans. The study found the virus can cause severe animal infections and be transmitted through airborne droplets.
A Michigan Medicine study found that pulmonary embolism death rates remained unchanged over the past decade, with higher mortality rates among men, Black patients, and those from rural areas. The study analyzed over 100,000 deaths related to pulmonary embolism between 2006 and 2019.
Researchers at UMass Amherst are investigating the connection between PFAS chemicals and breast cancer. They will examine data from postmenopausal women to determine if PFAS concentrations are associated with less breast tissue involution, which may increase breast cancer risk.
Patients with cancer had disparate COVID-19 mortality rates during the winter Omicron wave compared to the general US population. The study suggests that immune-evasive SARS-CoV-2 variants pose a significant threat, requiring prioritized efforts to prevent transmission.
A study by McGill University found that higher-income individuals and those with university education had increased rates of melanoma, while those earning less than $50,000 were more likely to work outdoors and experience occupational sun exposure. Men also had higher rates of melanoma and other skin cancers due to increased UV exposure.
A new CNIC study confirms that controlling traditional cardiovascular risk factors can prevent Alzheimer's disease and dementia. Maintaining a low cardiovascular risk is linked to preserved cerebral glucose metabolism, indicating better brain health.
New research led by Nansi Boghossian found that sickle cell disease contributes to racial disparities in severe maternal morbidity, with Black individuals at least 1.5 times more likely to experience complications. The study suggests preconception care and management are critical for improving pregnancy outcomes for patients with sickl...
Research on minimally processed vegetables reveals unsatisfactory microbiological safety, with Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. found at high prevalence rates. The study calls for best practice assurance to guarantee products with quality and safety for consumers.
Researchers found that the incidence of gut-colonizing ciprofloxacin-resistant E. coli increased in Seattle-area women over age 50, affecting about 1 in 5 women. The study suggests prioritizing strategies to control drug-resistant E. coli's ability to colonize the gut.
Scientists have identified specific long noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression and life cycle progression of the deadly Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasite. The discovery could lead to new therapeutic strategies against malaria.
Researchers at National Korea Maritime and Ocean University developed a close contact identification algorithm that outperforms conventional clustering algorithms. The algorithm enables accurate tracking and physical isolation of individuals in ship environments, contributing to the health and safety of passengers.