Articles tagged with T Lymphocytes
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have discovered that innate-like T cells mature differently in humans than in mice, with age playing a critical role in their development. This finding has significant implications for the development of immunotherapeutics, highlighting the need to consider human-specific differences when te...
Researchers found that neoself-antigens, presented on MHC-II, induce an immune response and lead to autoimmunity in lupus patients. EBV reactivation increases the presentation of these antigens, triggering T cell activation and autoimmune disease development.
Researchers from Osaka University discovered that Ikaros binds to Foxp3 to inhibit the expression of target genes, including Ifng, in regulatory T cells. This interaction is crucial for maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing autoimmune disorders.
A new study reveals a connection between metabolic genes and immune system T cells, suggesting a potential new class of inborn errors of immunometabolism. Researchers identified genetic overlap between disorders of metabolism and immunity, pointing to a continuum between the two conditions.
Researchers developed a lipid nanoparticle formulated miR-193a-3p mimic that enhances T cell mediated immune responses and induces immunogenic cell death in tumors. This study demonstrates the potential of this therapy to prolong animal survival and reduce metastasis, offering new hope for cancer treatment.
Scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital identified two chemokines, CXCL8 and CXCL16, expressed by osteosarcoma that improved CAR T-cell homing. Modified cells expressing these chemokine receptors showed enhanced infiltration into tumors, leading to prolonged survival in a model of metastatic disease.
Researchers study T cells and monocytes interaction in the meninges before they attack the brain and spinal cord, potentially leading to new disease progression targets. The findings could provide a pathway to treating other neurological diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
Researchers at Tufts University have identified the immune cells driving cardiac inflammation in cancer patients taking doxorubicin, a commonly used chemotherapy drug. Blocking these cells could potentially prevent cardiac damage and make treatment safer for patients.
Patients with 18q deletion syndrome exhibit both cellular and humoral immunodeficiency, characterized by low immunoglobulin levels and impaired T-cell function. Regular testing for both cellular and humoral immunity can allow for early detection of combined immune deficiencies and improve clinical outcomes.
Researchers have identified a novel type of T cell that can recognize and respond to multiple bacterial strains in the gut. This breakthrough finding has significant implications for treating diseases such as cancer and inflammatory bowel disease. The discovery was made by Kazuki Nagashima, winner of the NOSTER & Science Microbiome Prize.
Researchers found that high blood levels of saturated fatty acids, particularly palmitate, cause pre-activation of innate immune cells in obese non-diabetics. This leads to elevated inflammatory molecules when infected with SARS-CoV-2, increasing the risk of severe COVID-19.
Researchers discovered that T-cell aging is not limited by organismal age, and healthy T cells can proliferate indefinitely. The epigenetic clock of T cells shows that death is not the end, and these cells do not plateau with age, defying traditional notions of cellular aging.
A recent study published in The Open Sports Sciences Journal found that Ascorbic acid supplementation reduced exercise-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in healthy women. The supplement also increased plasma ascorbic acid levels and reduced post-exercise MDA levels, suggesting a potential protective effect against muscle injury.
A new 'armored' form of CAR T cell therapy, developed by University of Pennsylvania researchers, has shown significant responses in patients whose cancers don't respond to current CAR T cell therapies. The three-day manufacturing process also shortens treatment time for aggressive, fast-growing cancers.
Researchers at La Jolla Institute for Immunology found that people who experienced breakthrough COVID-19 infections develop T cells better equipped to recognize and target SARS-CoV-2. The study also discovered that B cells produce more diverse antibodies targeting common epitopes between the vaccine and variants.
A study led by INRS research team may lead to a new therapeutic approach for the most serious form of leishmaniasis. Researchers discovered a unique CD4 T cell population that increases in number during the chronic phase and has properties similar to progenitor cells, allowing it to regenerate or differentiate into effector cells.
Glioblastoma cancer cells change their appearance and behavior to evade T-cell attack, rendering immunotherapy ineffective. Researchers found that these 'plastic' cells can also exhaust T-cells, making glioblastoma resistant to treatment.
Researchers at the University of Leipzig Medical Center have identified biomarkers associated with the response to CAR T cell therapy in multiple myeloma. These biomarkers enable patients to predict their likelihood of responding well or less well to treatment before initiating therapy.
A new study developed two machine learning models to quantify CD8+ cell positivity and classify the immunophenotype of cancer specimens in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The models hold promise for identifying patients who may benefit from immunotherapy.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have discovered how to overcome resistance to conventional immunotherapies in metastatic uveal melanoma. They developed a clinical tool called Uveal Melanoma Immunogenic Score (UMIS) to predict patient response and improve treatment outcomes.
A new murine model of dermatomyositis reveals the underlying immune system involvement in this highly progressive disease. The study identifies key components of the immune system responsible for disease development and suggests potential treatments targeting interleukin-6.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center have developed a novel antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) therapy that effectively kills T-cell cancers in mice with human T-cell tumors. The treatment targets TRBC1 protein expressed on the surface of cancer cells while preserving normal T cells.
Researchers from Penn Medicine will share data on the latest advances in cancer science and medicine, including novel targets in the tumor microenvironment and the influence of the microbiome on cancer therapy. The presentation is part of the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Annual Meeting 2024.
Researchers document various reasons for long-term clinical symptoms in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Key findings include immune system alterations, chronic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and mitochondrial issues contributing to post-COVID syndrome.
Scientists at Northwestern University and UCSF have developed a new technique to enhance the potency of human T cells against cancer. By studying mutations in malignant T cells, they were able to create T cells that can kill tumors derived from skin, lung, and stomach cancers in mice.
Researchers have engineered T cells with a mutation found in malignant lymphoma cells, making them more than 100 times potent at killing cancer cells. The new approach shows promise against solid tumors and could provide long-term immunity against cancer.
Researchers at La Jolla Institute for Immunology have identified 137 unique T cell epitopes targeted by the immune system in patients with active TB. These findings may lead to the development of new diagnostics and therapies for the disease, which affects over 1.3 million people worldwide.
La Jolla Institute researchers discovered that prior exposure to a common cold coronavirus partially protects mice from lung damage during a subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection. Harnessing 'cross-reactive' T cells may lead to novel vaccines with broad, pan-coronavirus protection.
Researchers at Penn Medicine analyzed over 400 patients treated with CAR T cell therapy and found only 16 cases of second cancers, mostly solid tumors. A single case of CAR-negative T-cell lymphoma was identified in a patient who developed a secondary lung tumor after treatment.
Researchers have revealed CD4+ T cells can work effectively on their own to control melanoma, challenging conventional understanding. Harnessing their potential therapeutically holds great promise for improving current cancer immunotherapies.
A subset of CD4+ 'helper' T cells helps fight cytomegalovirus infection and reduces the chances of transmission. The late-rising T cells expand long after the initial response has died down, gathering in high numbers in the salivary gland.
Researchers have discovered that CD4 and LAG-3 are conserved throughout jawed vertebrate species, including sharks. The study reveals that the cytoplasmic tail motifs of these proteins have opposing immune functions, with CxC/H promoting activation and ITIM-like motif inhibiting cell activity.
A study published in Cell Genomics reveals that specific changes in CD4+ T cell categories and gene programs are associated with autoimmune diseases, including distinct patterns related to aging and sex. The findings provide a comprehensive catalog of CD4+ T cell changes linked to 20 different autoimmune diseases.
Researchers successfully tested a simple intervention that boosts T cells' ability to destroy human tumors using fenofibrate. The treatment improves the efficacy of CD8+ T cell therapy for melanoma by providing an alternative energy source, thereby enhancing cancer-killing power.
A Phase I clinical trial of AT101, a new CAR T cell therapy targeting CD19 through a distinct binding mechanism, has shown a 100% complete response rate in patients with relapsed or refractory B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The treatment was found to be safe with manageable side effects and is expected to build upon the effectiveness o...
Researchers discovered how Vγ9Vδ2 T cells recognize pathogens and cancer cells by their altered cell metabolism. The study found that phosphoantigens bind to special molecules inside the cell, triggering a signal to kill. This finding can improve the clinical use of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells in tumor treatment.
Researchers at La Jolla Institute for Immunology found that most T cells can still target epitopes on the new Pirola variant, suggesting people may be able to mount a response against it. The study's findings provide positive news in the fight against SARS-CoV-2, emphasizing the importance of vaccination with updated vaccines.
A new method developed at Karolinska Institutet can identify unique immune cell receptors and their location in human tissue. This breakthrough could lead to the development of novel therapies for diseases such as cancer and autoimmune disorders, by pinpointing the specific immune cells responsible.
A new study by Dana-Farber Cancer Institute researchers found that CAR-T therapy offers superior event-free and overall survival compared to salvage chemoimmunotherapy. However, the current list price of $400,000 per infusion makes cost-effectiveness a concern.
Scientists at the La Jolla Institute for Immunology have uncovered a group of T cells known as mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells. These cells can recognize the same markers whether they come from humans or mice, opening up new possibilities for treating infectious diseases and improving cancer immunotherapies. The study also ...
Researchers at Duke University developed a CRISPR-based platform to identify genes that improve T-cell therapies for cancer treatment. They discovered BATF3, a single master regulator of the genome, which reprograms thousands of genes in T cells and greatly enhances cancer cell killing.
Researchers at DZNE and Charité developed a novel treatment for autoimmune encephalitis by reprogramming white blood cells to target misdirected antibodies. The new therapy, called CAAR-T cells, has shown accuracy in laboratory studies and is planned for clinical trials.
A team of researchers at Kyoto University has found that a deficiency in the enzyme B4GALT3 inhibits tumor growth in mice. The study shows that reduced glycosylation on T cell surfaces correlates with increased CD8+ immune cells infiltrating tumors.
Researchers used dynamic total-body PET scans to visualize immune T cell distribution in recovering patients. The study found increased concentrations of CD8+ T cells in the bone marrow of recovering COVID patients compared to healthy controls.
Scientists from Tokyo Metropolitan University have created a new polymer that can effectively transport plasmid DNA into T-cells during CAR T-cell therapy. The polymer, called PAMAM-G2-Gu, is stable, non-toxic, and doesn't use viruses, making it a promising candidate for next-gen gene carriers.
Researchers from Karolinska Institutet challenge the hygiene hypothesis by showing that mice with high infectious exposures have a similar ability to develop allergic immune responses as laboratory mice. Despite this, they developed strong signs of pathological inflammation and allergic responses when exposed to allergens.
Researchers developed a technology to rapidly screen genetic edits in immune cells, identifying a new combination that improves their effectiveness against cancers. By combining multiple genes into long DNA stretches and testing thousands of combinations, scientists discovered that different CARs can be optimized by different factors.
Researchers have characterised a specialised type of immune cell that plays a key role in protecting and repairing the healthy human gut. Depletion of these cells is linked to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) progression, with potential implications for treatment options.
Researchers developed a new strategy to target CD45, a surface marker found on nearly all blood cells, using CRISPR base-editing. This approach aims to overcome challenges in CAR T cell therapy, which currently targets specific cancer types, and could expand treatment options for virtually all blood cancers.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes identified conditions that enable gamma delta T cells to recognize cancer cells by disrupting energy production and causing cellular stress. This insight suggests that therapies manipulating butyrophilin abundance on the surface of cancer cells could boost gamma delta T cell effectiveness.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have found that weightlessness affects T cells in astronauts' immune systems, making them less effective at fighting infections. The study's results could lead to new treatments for reversing these changes.
Researchers find immunotherapy treatment anti-CTLA-4 leads to greater survival in mice with glioblastoma and discover new way cells kill cancer by triggering microglia, specialized immune cells in the brain. This breakthrough could lead to more effective treatments for human brain cancer.
Dendritic cells have been found to directly kill T cells lacking CD47, providing a new insight into the immune system's ability to distinguish self from non-self. This discovery has potential implications for cancer treatment and raises questions about the therapeutic application of this novel mechanism.
A new Harvard-led research suggests that the thymus, often considered expendable in adults, actually plays a crucial role in maintaining adult immune health and preventing cancer. The study found that patients who had their thymus removed had a nearly threefold higher risk of death from various causes, including cancer.
A recent study published in Immunity has found that ketone bodies, produced by the liver during fasting or low glucose levels, power immune cells and improve T cell function. This discovery may pave the way for personalized dietary recommendations to augment treatments for infection, cancer, and other diseases.
A new study found that individuals vaccinated with the newer pertussis vaccine show similar immune responses to antigens present and absent from the vaccine, suggesting that asymptomatic infections drive T cell response. This could lead to the spread of the bacteria to vulnerable populations.
Researchers found that CD4+ T cells initiate fat wasting, while CD8+ T cells induce muscle wasting, which surprisingly helps the mice fight infection and survive. The study sheds light on the complex relationship between immune cells and wasting responses.
Researchers at UCL and Stanford University create a three-component anti-cancer therapy using click chemistry, improving cancer-killing efficiency with sialidase enzyme, and exploring potential for next-generation agents.
The IBS-KAI Conference will focus on viral diseases and immunology, featuring over 20 international experts. The conference aims to prepare for responses to future infectious diseases, including those with pandemic potentials.
Research identifies beneficial changes in immune system during pregnancy, which can lead to new treatment strategies for MS. Women with MS experience a 70% decrease in relapses during the last third of pregnancy, possibly due to epigenetic changes and hormone regulation.