Articles tagged with Herbicides
Scientists at UVA have developed a new method to determine the genetic causes of diseases by analyzing the effects of genes on proteins. The technique, using plant extracts, enables researchers to sort immediate from complex reactions, revolutionizing gene function study.
A large-scale experiment by the University of Göttingen has shown that reducing fertilizer input and eliminating herbicides in palm oil plantations can maintain profits while promoting biodiversity and soil health. The study's preliminary results are encouraging, suggesting a potential environmentally sustainable approach to the industry.
Researchers identified two mechanisms driving herbicide-resistant weed emergence in Ontario: pollen and seed dispersal via wind and water, and spontaneous genetic mutations. This study highlights the need for integrated management approaches to minimize gene flow and resistances, including thorough equipment cleaning and crop rotation.
Researchers have discovered that Palmer amaranth has evolved multiple mutations to resist herbicides, including the gly-210 deletion and an arginine substitution, allowing it to evade control methods. The plant appears to be naturally tolerant to post-emergence PPO-inhibitor application.
A study in Weed Science found waterhemp has evolved resistance to four distinct herbicide sites of action, including PPO inhibitors and PS II inhibitors. The resistant population exhibited a seven-fold resistance to atrazine and a four- to six-fold resistance to PPO-inhibiting herbicides.
New research suggests that understanding plant biological clocks can refine the use of chemicals like glyphosate, allowing for more efficient and sustainable agriculture practices. By applying treatments at optimal times, farmers can reduce herbicide usage, saving time and money while minimizing environmental harm.
Researchers found that mixing glyphosate with dicamba formulations consistently lowered the pH of the spray solution below 5.0, a critical value according to dicamba application labels. The study suggests that glyphosate in tank mixes could be a culprit behind dicamba drift and volatility issues.
Scientists are racing to find solutions as Palmer amaranth develops resistance to multiple herbicides, outcompeting crops for resources. The weed's ability to thrive and produce new generations of resistant plants poses significant threats to crop yields.
A newly discovered gene in rice renders the crop resistant to several widely used beta-triketone herbicides. The HIS1 gene encodes an oxidase that detoxifies herbicide compounds, offering potential value in breeding new herbicide-resistant crops for efficient global food production.
Climate change and elevated CO2 levels contribute to the evolution of weeds, including increased competitive abilities and herbicide resistance. Research found that drought and elevated CO2 cause genetic and phenotypic changes in individual weed populations.
Studies show that both temperature and glyphosate increase dicamba volatility, leading to increased off-target movement and damage to crops. Researchers recommend avoiding mixing glyphosate with low-volatile dicamba formulations, such as XtendiMax, to minimize the risk of injury to non-dicamba-tolerant plants.
Waterhemp, a broadleaf weed common in corn and soybean fields, has become resistant to multiple herbicides, including Group 15s. Scientists have confirmed the resistance in a new study from the University of Illinois, which highlights the need for farmers to rethink long-term management strategies.
Researchers found no herbicide-resistant mutants among over 70 million grain amaranth seeds, indicating a very low mutation rate. The study suggests that low-level herbicide application does not contribute to the onset of new mutations conferring resistance.
Researchers explored dicamba-resistant kochia populations in fallow fields near Hays, Kansas, and found moderate to high levels of resistance. Spring-applied herbicides provided better extended control, reducing emergence by 85-95% over three-four months.
A recent study published in Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology found a significant association between glyphosate exposure and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in human subjects. The study, led by Paul J. Mills, PhD, examined urine samples from patients with NAFLD and healthy individuals, revealing higher levels of glypho...
Researchers found that cover crops can significantly reduce horseweed density and size inequality at the time of herbicide application. This reduces the development of herbicide-resistant weeds and offers a promising approach to managing resistant weeds.
Researchers found that rats exposed to glyphosate during pregnancy developed prostate, kidney, and ovarian diseases, as well as obesity and birth abnormalities in subsequent generations. The study's findings suggest a potential link between glyphosate exposure and increased risk of certain health problems across multiple generations.
The 2018 Mississippi State University Row Crop Short Course presented topics such as nematode management, weed control, off-target movement of herbicides, and the economic outlook for row crops. Presentations are now available online through the "Focus on Cotton" series.
Researchers at Chinese Academy of Sciences develop CRISPRed wheat with tolerance to sulfonylurea, imidazolinone, and aryloxyphenoxy propionate-type herbicides. The trait offers low-risk weed control for millions of multi-cropping farmers in China.
Neil Rhodes, a professor at UTIA, has been named Fellow of the Southern Weed Science Society for his significant contributions to the field. He was recognized for his tireless work on herbicide stewardship and dedication to mentoring young professionals.
Researchers predict wheat weed growth to reduce herbicide usage, allowing for targeted treatment and environmental gains. By analyzing satellite images and spatial data, the study identifies optimal locations for herbicide application, reducing waste and costs.
Researchers identify specific genes, including SbGSTF1 and a tandem GST gene, responsible for safener efficacy in grain sorghum. The discovery sheds light on how safeners work and could lead to broader applications against insect herbivores, chemical pollutants, or environmental stresses.
A new study reveals waterhemp's unique detoxification pathway for topramezone, making chemical control difficult. The finding suggests that the weed uses a different mechanism than corn, rendering current herbicides ineffective.
A study by Cambridge University researchers found Italian ryegrass resistant to multiple herbicides, including clethodim and glyphosate. The study recommends preemergence herbicides for effective control of the weed in fruit and nut tree crops.
New research reveals that fall-applied residual herbicides can damage rice crop performance, with pyroxasulfone, S-metolachlor, and trifluralin causing greater injury than clomazone. Only clomazone is recommended for pre-plant applications to target glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass.
A team of scientists will investigate solutions to limit the impact of annual bluegrass on turf systems, evaluating cultural practices and non-chemical management options. The project aims to improve profitability and social benefits for sod production farms, golf courses, athletic fields, and residential turf systems.
A Cornell University study reveals glyphosate in various dog and cat foods, with amounts considered safe for humans. The herbicide's origin is linked to plant-based ingredients, and its presence even in GMO-free products poses a challenge.
Researchers are sampling annual bluegrass populations across Tennessee to quantify herbicide resistance and develop new diagnostic assays. The goal is to optimize management plans that integrate cultural and chemical techniques to mitigate resistance.
Researchers found that certain commercial herbicides can inhibit the growth of human fungal pathogens like Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans. The herbicides showed synergy with itraconazole to enhance antifungal activity.
Researchers confirm glyphosate resistance in junglerice, a weedy grass affecting rice, corn, and vegetable crops. Resistance mechanisms identified as target-site mutation and reduced translocation of glyphosate, emphasizing the importance of integrated control methods.
Bicyclopyrone, a corn herbicide, shows potential as an alternative for extended residual weed control in watermelon crops. The herbicide was found to be safe and effective against common weeds, reducing yield losses by up to 82%.
A team of UCLA engineers and scientists discovered a new and potentially highly effective type of weed killer using a genomics-driven approach. The new herbicide inhibits an enzyme necessary for plant survival, providing a promising alternative to current herbicides.
Scientists at the University of Illinois and USDA's Agricultural Research Service promote cooperative weed management as a highly effective solution to curb herbicide resistance. By working together and sharing best practices, farmers can delay the evolution and spread of resistance, buying time for up to two decades.
A large-scale study is proposed to test the efficacy of strategies for preventing pesticide resistance in critical weed and insect species. The authors recommend providing resources for landscape-level studies and incentives for farmers to participate, highlighting the need for a multi-faceted approach to addressing this pressing issue.
Research shows that exposure to pesticides and herbicides can impair honey bees' sense of taste and ability to learn, affecting hive efficiency and pollination capabilities. Young worker bees are particularly vulnerable, even if they have not left the hive.
Researchers have developed an alternative approach to controlling invasive Chinese privet, achieving great control with much less herbicide than typically used. The study found that a 25% concentration of glyphosate or triclopyr is sufficient for effective control, and timing also plays a crucial role in the process.
Kansas State University researchers found that pigweeds develop resistance to glyphosate by carrying hundreds of copies of the target gene in circular DNA structures. The team's discovery has implications for sustainable agriculture and strategies to negate resistance.
A University of Illinois study found that early-killed cereal rye reduces weed density by 20% and suppresses early-season weed growth by 85%. The cover crop management system also promotes easy edamame emergence, which is notoriously challenging for the soybean variety.
Drake Copeland's study suggests Palmer amaranth may be developing greater tolerance to herbicides, making it harder to control. The initial findings also indicate that PPO-resistant and susceptible biotypes respond differently to Group 15 herbicides.
Two University of Tennessee scientists, Thomas Mueller and Larry Steckel, received top honors from the Weed Science Society of America for their peer-reviewed articles on weed control and dicamba persistence. Their studies provide valuable insights into agricultural spray hoses and cover crops as a weed management tool.
Researchers have made a breakthrough in understanding how penoxsulam works to control weeds, which could lead to the development of new, safe herbicides. The study found that penoxsulam combines with an enzyme in the weed and prevents it from producing amino acids.
Researchers from the University of Sheffield have identified key drivers of herbicide resistance in crops, including higher volumes of herbicide use. The study found that farms using more herbicides had greater resistance, highlighting the need for diversifying management techniques to reduce evolution of resistance.
A nationwide study found that black-grass populations in England have evolved resistance to herbicides, leading to increased costs and lower crop yields. The research team recommends adopting weed-management strategies that rely less on chemicals.
Researchers discovered effective weed control methods using EPTC, flumioxazin and napropamide to manage yellow nutsedge and black medic in winter strawberry crops. However, none of the studied herbicides adequately suppressed Carolina geranium, with halosulfuron causing significant injury to strawberry plants.
A research team led by Whitehead Institute reveals how a key protein in plants can act imprecisely and how it can be successfully re-engineered to enhance specificity. The new study raises standards for bioengineering in the 21st century, using cutting-edge techniques like metabolomics.
Human exposure to glyphosate has increased significantly since the introduction of genetically modified crops, with 70% of study participants having detectable levels by 2016. Glyphosate use has also increased 15-fold since 1994.
Researchers found significant increases in glyphosate and its metabolite in the urine of older adults from Southern California between 1993 and 2016. Average glyphosate levels increased by 13 years, with detectable levels present in more than 70% of samples.
Weeds like common waterhemp and Palmer amaranth can reduce corn and soybean yields by up to 80%, while resistant weeds are developing resistance to available herbicides. To combat this, researchers suggest diversifying weed management practices with crop rotation, weed suppressive cultivars, and other tactics.
Washington State University researchers found that exposure to atrazine herbicide during pregnancy led to increased diseases in grand- and great-grand offspring, including testis disease, altered sperm production, and early-onset puberty. Epigenetic inheritance changes were identified as the underlying mechanism.
Researchers found cereal rye consistently reduced Amaranthus spp. weed density, even without herbicides. Cereal rye has potential to control weeds by reducing population density within the first month of planting, potentially reducing selection for resistant weeds.
A new study from the University of Illinois explains why herbicide rotation doesn't work against herbicide-resistant weeds like waterhemp. The researchers found that even with long rotations, the frequency of resistance alleles does not decrease significantly.
Researchers developed a nanosensor to detect herbicides and their target enzymes, crucial for environmental monitoring. The Atomic Force Microscope cantilever proved suitable for precise detection of environmental contaminants.
Researchers from Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia discovered that two genes from baker's yeast can increase plant resistance to a broad range of toxic substances, enabling their growth in contaminated soils. Plants carrying the yeast genes grew significantly better than wild-type plants in contaminated soils.
A study in Illinois found a link between glyphosate use and reduced monarch butterfly abundance, particularly during warmer springs. Wetter and cooler conditions also boosted summer monarch populations.
Researchers found two new mutations on the PPX2 gene responsible for PPO-inhibiting herbicide resistance in Palmer amaranth. The glycine 210 deletion and R98 region mutations confer resistance to multiple herbicides, with some plants carrying both mutations.
Researchers have discovered a unique gene responsible for metabolic atrazine resistance in waterhemp, which can evolve resistance to multiple herbicides. The gene is associated with GST enzymes and has been found to make plants more resistant to herbicides.
Research from University of Michigan found that herbicide-resistant morning glory populations self-fertilize more than susceptible ones. This adaptation helps perpetuate resistance genes and blocks the flow of susceptibility genes from other plants. The study highlights unintended consequences of human activities on wild plant species.
A North Carolina State University study links several pesticides used by farmers with both allergic and non-allergic wheeze, a sensitive marker for early airway problems. The research, using data from the Agricultural Health Study, found 29 pesticides associated with at least one type of wheeze.
Research by Cornell University reveals that planting cover crops beneath grapevines reduces nitrogen leaching, decreases dissolved organic carbon, and lowers neonicotinoid insecticide residues. This environmentally sustainable approach also saves vineyards money by minimizing herbicide use.
Researchers found that tembotrione and other HPPD-inhibiting herbicides provided comparable control to atrazine, with crop yields also comparable. In Oregon fields, several alternative treatments worked well, but limitations were noted in Midwest regions.