Articles tagged with Peptides
Scientists have created two-layered nanofibers consisting of an ordered row of alternating peptides and determined what drives their self-assembly. The discovery has potential biomedical applications due to the ability to tailor peptide structures.
Weizmann Institute researchers found that overexpression of specific immunoproteasome subunits in melanoma is tied to anti-cancer immune activity. The study's findings suggest that these biomarkers may improve patient matching to current immunotherapy treatments, leading to better outcomes.
Researchers at NYU Abu Dhabi have designed proteins called cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) that prevent the aggregation of amyloid-β protein associated with Alzheimer's disease. The CPPs stabilize Aβ in a non-aggregated state, inhibiting neurotoxicity and protecting neurons from damage.
Researchers at the Technical University of Berlin introduce a new method to synthesize α-amanitin, a highly selective inhibitor of RNA polymerase II. This synthetic route allows for large-scale production and could lead to cancer treatment advancements.
Researchers at Washington State University and UMass Amherst will explore the role of bacterial fragments in regulating sleep and circadian rhythms. They aim to determine how these fragments affect brain functions, including sleep, cognition, mood, and appetite.
Researchers at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health have identified a protein complex elevated in PTSD patients, which could serve as a blood-based biomarker for diagnosis and treatment. A developed peptide has been shown to prevent recall or encoding of fear memories, suggesting potential for symptom prevention or treatment.
A team of scientists from Tokyo Metropolitan University discovered that a specific insulin-like peptide called ILP2 regulates the size of mandibles in broad-horned flour beetles. The study found that larvae fed sufficiently, showed elevated expression of ILP2, leading to larger mandibles.
Researchers from the University of Freiburg and US universities have developed a method to differentiate between individual amino acids in short peptides. They used an aerolysin nanopore to measure the ion current through the pore, enabling the sensitive measurement of peptide size and structure.
IBP-CP24, a newly engineered peptide, exhibits prolonged half-life and potent anti-HIV activity, including effectiveness against drug-resistant strains. Its combination with broad neutralizing antibodies may reduce treatment costs.
Researchers discovered a new mechanism for detecting foreign material during early immune responses, which could help detect elusive cancers. ERAP1 protein can break down peptides bound to MHC I, allowing immune cells to recognize and destroy infected cells.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago found a peptide called PACAP links migraine pain and opioid-induced pain, offering potential new treatments for episodic migraines. The study's findings support the development of therapies targeting PACAP and its receptor.
AFAR presents its Scientific Awards of Distinction to Pinchas Cohen, M.D., and Nathan LeBrasseur, Ph.D., recognizing their pioneering work in understanding cellular senescence and the discovery of novel peptides. The awards honor exceptional contributions to aging research and come with a cash prize and framed citations.
Researchers at the University of Iowa have made significant breakthroughs in delivering gene-editing proteins to airway cells without causing harm. The new peptide-based platform shows promise in treating diseases like cystic fibrosis, COPD, and asthma by repairing or modifying disease-causing mutations.
Researchers from the University of Copenhagen have identified five new GPCRs activated by 17 peptide ligands, expanding the known peptide-GPCR network. This discovery has high translational potential as therapeutic targets for various diseases, including genetic, nervous system, and neoplastic disorders.
Scientists have developed a simple way to transport medication into the brain, bypassing the blood-brain barrier. The new technique uses engineered particles that can be packed with drugs and delivered through an intravenous injection, offering a minimally invasive solution for treating neurological disorders.
Researchers found that deliquescent minerals can assist the construction of proteins from simpler building blocks during cycles timed to mimic day and night on early Earth. This process, which avoids unpredictable storms, may have played a key role in the origins of life.
A team of UC Davis researchers led by Vladimir Yarov-Yarovoy is developing a new class of peptides to treat chronic pain with minimal side effects. The goal is to identify the most effective peptide design that can selectively block pain-associated sodium channels without affecting other channels.
Researchers at Lehigh University have created a new biofabrication method that allows for the regeneration of multiple tissues, such as cartilage and bone, within a single scaffold. This breakthrough could potentially treat debilitating conditions like osteoarthritis, which affects approximately 27 million Americans.
Researchers have developed a way to track the formation of soluble amyloid beta peptide aggregates implicated in the onset of Alzheimer's disease. The ruthenium-based fluorescent complexes bind to these aggregates, allowing researchers to monitor their progress and movements over time.
A team of MIT researchers developed an AI-guided robotic platform to streamline the synthesis of small molecule organic compounds. The platform uses artificial intelligence-driven synthesis planning, flow chemistry, and a robotically controlled experimental platform to minimize human intervention.
Scientists at Boyce Thompson Institute have identified two plant genes, CLE53 and CLE33, which help control fungal colonization levels in plant roots. These genes can potentially be used to enhance crop phosphate capture, reducing environmental harm from fertilization.
Researchers have developed a self-assembling peptide hydrogel that increases blood vessel regrowth and neuronal survival in rats with traumatic brain injuries. The treatment also improves the survival of brain cells and shows signs of new blood vessel formation.
Researchers developed molecules that can change unhealthful gut microbiomes into more healthful ones in mice, reducing cholesterol levels and inflammation. The study could lead to new treatments for chronic diseases related to diet.
University of Minnesota researchers have discovered a novel cellular process called 'bystander uptake' that allows cells to engulf nano-sized materials without direct peptide functionalization. The study found that cysteine surrounding the cells stimulates this activity.
Researchers used a far-infrared free-electron laser to break down amyloid fibril aggregates, disrupting their rigid sheet-like structure and causing free peptides to form. This technique has potential applications in medicine, biomaterial engineering, and regenerative medicine.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute find that proteinaceous amino acids react more efficiently, leading to the formation of complex life forms. The study suggests a possible explanation for the selection of positively charged amino acids in proteins.
Researchers at UMass Amherst have expanded the functions of conducting microbial nanowires, developing them into sustainable chemical and biological sensors. The new nanowires can be modified with peptides to specifically bind chemicals or biologics, offering promising possibilities for biomedical and environmental applications.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have discovered a novel biosynthetic pathway in bacteria that can produce therapeutic compounds. The pathway, found in Pseudomonas syringae, combines elements of both ribosome-based and enzyme-mediated synthesis, allowing for efficient production of natural products.
Researchers have identified a new mechanism for how plants perceive RALF23 peptides, a key player in regulating important plant processes. The discovery sheds light on how plants respond to internal and external cues, with potential implications for understanding immune defense and development.
A UCL study reveals that aminonitriles, the precursors to amino acids, can be easily turned into peptides in water, bypassing traditional formation methods. This discovery sheds light on how life first formed and has implications for synthetic chemistry.
Scorpion venom contains compounds that bind to K+ channels, inhibiting their function. High-speed atomic force microscopy revealed the association and dissociation dynamics of a peptide, AgTx2, with the K+ channel KcsA. The study found that AgTx2 binding is facilitated by an induced-fit mechanism, accelerating binding by 400-fold.
Researchers from the University of Córdoba have analyzed the peptide content of goat milk kefir and discovered 11 beneficial compounds. These findings suggest that fermented kefir may have positive effects on cardiovascular health, immune function, and more.
Researchers at MIT used NMR spectroscopy to determine the structure of glucagon fibrils, finding a novel antiparallel beta sheet conformation and steric zippers that make the protein stable. This discovery may lead to shelf-stable versions of the hormone, which is used to control diabetes.
A recent study found that over half of relapsed multiple myeloma patients treated with carfilzomib experienced cardiac issues during treatment. The study recommends routine monitoring with natriuretic peptide testing to mitigate this risk.
Researchers at Goethe University have developed a novel method for producing new peptide drugs, using fragments of natural NRPS systems as building blocks. The approach enables the easy production of peptides in excellent yield, with applications for modifying clinically relevant drugs and producing peptide libraries.
NTU Singapore scientists have developed a new lab-created peptide ligase based on genetic information from the Chinese violet, which may help speed up drug development and improve diagnostic imaging. The enzyme has exceptional binding properties and can be produced in large quantities without by-products.
A team of researchers developed a macrocyclic peptide, HiP-8, that selectively inhibits active Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF), a protein promoting cancer cell invasion and survival. HiP-8 shows high affinity for HGF and has potential as a PET imaging probe and anti-cancer drug.
Lugdunin, a cyclic peptide with strong antimicrobial properties, works by proton transport across bacterial membranes. The researchers discovered that the thiazolidine group in lugdunin forms a critical part of its structure and is essential for its antibacterial activity.
Researchers have identified compounds in ragweed that can help nerve cells survive with Alzheimer's disease peptides. The compounds, including terpenoids and spermidine conjugates, showed promise in protecting neurons from Aβ-induced toxicity.
Kanazawa University researchers have synthesized a radiotheranostic system using astatine and iodine as alpha-particle and gamma-radiation sources, respectively. The system utilizes a peptide carrier molecule to target tumors, achieving high accumulation in cancer cells.
Researchers at the Ragon Institute identified specific viral peptides critical to HIV function that are targeted by immune cells of individuals naturally able to control the virus. This finding could lead to the development of broadly protective vaccines and a deeper understanding of natural immunity.
A 12-year retrospective clinical study shows the long-term effectiveness of PRRT, allowing patients to maintain a high quality of life. The overall response rate is about 70-80 percent, and prognosis is generally favorable for patients who respond to therapy.
Researchers at ETH Zurich develop a new technique, nanoFleming, to rapidly test for antibiotic activity in microorganisms. The method has identified 11 novel peptides with improved efficacy or resistance-bypassing properties.
Researchers identify antigens targeted by the antibody response of children with Kawasaki Disease, strongly suggesting a new human virus is etiologically related. The study found that monoclonal antibodies from these patients recognized peptides from a hepacivirus non-structural protein.
A Northwestern University and UC San Diego team has created a novel way to deliver a bioactivated, biodegradable substance through a noninvasive catheter without clogging. The approach uses self-assembling peptides that turn the body's inflammatory response into a signal to heal rather than a means of scarring.
Researchers have developed a novel method to functionalize peptides using light-activated catalysis, allowing for the creation of new therapeutic agents. The method enables selective modification of the C-terminal position in peptides, opening up new possibilities for drug development.
A new study found that low doses of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) trigger headaches only in female rodents, potentially explaining the higher prevalence of migraines in women. The researchers used rat and mouse models with both male and female animals to investigate CGRP's role in migraine.
A small peptide produced in predatory nematodes' skin prevents them from eating their kin, while they feed on close relatives. The discovery reveals a self-recognition system in nematodes that discriminates between self and other organisms.
Researchers review TFE's role as a structuring agent for unfolded peptides, inducing helical conformations, while also enhancing protein denaturation. The study details recent applications of TFE in conformational studies, including antimicrobial and aggregation-prone peptides.
Marine peptides containing brominated tryptophan analogs show various biological activities, including antimicrobial, insecticidal, and hemolytic properties. These peptides may be developed as antibiotics or treatments for neurological disorders and cancer.
Researchers have developed a high-throughput method to produce and screen engineered antimicrobial lanthipeptides, which could lead to the creation of new antibiotics. The method involves synthesizing DNA strands coding for different ring combinations and screening them for antimicrobial potential using micro-alginate beads.
Researchers at Goethe University are investigating the development of synthetic drugs from natural substances, economic mechanisms in the Internet, and the connection between social inequality and societal stability. The EU has funded three projects: SYNPEP, POLAR, and COOKIES, which aim to improve our understanding of these issues.
Scientists create vaccine that strengthens immune defences by multiplying cancer-repelling T cells, promising treatment for individualized cancer immunotherapy and potential application in autoimmune diseases. Laboratory tests conducted on tumours in mice show effectiveness of approach.
Proteins exhibit surprising electrical conductivity when connected to electrodes via specific molecules, paving the way for sensitive chemical sensors. The study identifies six proteins capable of conductance, with two specific contacts resulting in highest conductivity.
Researchers at University of Groningen developed nanopores that can measure peptide mass, offering a cheap and portable solution for proteomics research. The smallest pores produced have a resolution of around 40 Dalton, allowing for the identification of peptides with varying chemical compositions.
A team of ETH Zurich researchers used single-molecule force spectroscopy to investigate how membrane proteins become embedded in cell membranes. They discovered the role of two helper proteins, insertase and translocase, which enable membrane proteins to embed themselves in the membrane. The study sheds light on the folding pathways of...
Researchers have identified a protein, nemuri, that promotes sleep after sleep deprivation or infection in fruit flies. The protein also increases the ability of flies to survive bacterial infections. This dual action suggests a link between sleep and immune function.
Researchers have solved a 20-year riddle of how crucial step in antibiotic biosynthesis occurs, opening way to potentially redesigning antibiotics. The team structurally characterised the peptide bond forming domain in Ebony enzyme, revealing its novel types of condensation domain and its role in regulating neurotransmitters.
A Japanese research team identified a plant peptide that helps lateral roots grow with the right spacing. The TOLS2 gene was found to be expressed in lateral root founder cells and inhibits their formation, while the RLK7 receptor suppresses nearby cell growth.
Researchers have discovered that dry-cured ham bones contain peptides with cardioprotective effects, inhibiting enzymes involved in cardiovascular disease. The use of ham bones to make broths and stews could have a positive impact on cardiovascular health.