Articles tagged with Pharmacology
A University of Houston study found that different genotypes of hemp have unique microbial communities that impact CBD production and fiber quality. The research, published in Nature, highlights the potential for microbiome diversity to inform more sustainable farming practices.
Researchers have discovered that girolline, a compound from the sea sponge Pseudaxinyssa cantharella, acts by modulating eIF5A activity, preventing ribosomes from stalling on difficult-to-translate amino acid sequences. This finding has implications for its potential as an antimalarial and anti-aging agent.
Researchers found that bumetanide treatment normalizes neonatal social communication in newborn pups with the fragile X mutation, but reduces post-pubertal social interaction. The study suggests stage-specific effects on social development and raises questions about timing and dosing of bumetanide for targeted interventions.
Researchers have developed a molecule called azo-menthol that precisely controls TRPM8 channels using light, enabling spatiotemporally precise and reversible activation and deactivation. This breakthrough has great therapeutic potential for diseases such as cancer, metabolic disorders, and inflammations.
A new study published in Psychedelics found that psychedelic therapy facilitators express optimism about benefits while maintaining awareness of potential risks. The research highlights the need for robust safety protocols while maintaining optimism about therapeutic potential.
Scientists at the University of Plymouth are creating a humanised meningioma model to study interactions between immune cells and tumour cells, enabling the development of effective therapies for NF2-related schwannomatosis. The model will be made available worldwide to test new treatments and reduce clinical trial delays.
Researchers identified 33 daphnane diterpenoids in Daphne pontica, including newly discovered compounds, using UHPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap MS. These compounds exhibit potent biological activities, suggesting the plant as a potential novel resource for drug discovery.
Researchers found that the interaction between TPC2 and Rab7a promotes tumor growth and metastasis in melanoma. The study suggests that targeting this signaling pathway could lead to new therapeutic strategies for skin cancer treatment.
Researchers at the University of Liverpool used AI to develop a personalised method for treating urinary tract infections, improving accuracy and reducing antibiotic resistance. The new approach uses real-time data to target specific bacterial infections, making antibiotics more effective.
Polyphyllin II reduces cell migration and invasion in bladder cancer cells by inducing cytoskeletal rearrangement. The compound also inhibits pulmonary metastatic nodules and ROCK1 expression in the lungs.
A $3.96 million grant will support the development of a monitoring device and data-processing algorithm to guide combination therapy design against multidrug-resistant bacteria. The goal is to overcome bacterial defenses and combat the emergence of resistance.
Researchers at UCSD found psilocybin therapy reduces eating disorder psychopathology and improves quality-of-life in patients with anorexia nervosa, but results vary widely among individuals. Genetic variations may influence treatment outcomes.
A new study suggests that berry-flavored vapes can weaken the lungs' natural defences, making it harder for the body to fight off infections. The research adds to growing evidence on how added flavourings in vaping solutions exacerbate dangers.
Researchers developed a nanomedicine that attacks bacteria at the molecular level, reducing antibiotic resistance and side effects. The technology releases medication only when required, ensuring patients take exact amounts to fight infections.
Researchers at EMBL Hamburg and CSSB have uncovered the molecular details of vitamin B1 absorption, revealing critical transporters and barriers that hinder its progress. The study sheds light on rare diseases caused by SLC19A3 mutations and potentially life-threatening hidden deficiencies triggered by certain medications.
A study from Goethe University Frankfurt reveals that venomous crustaceans, specifically remipede crabs in Mexican cenote caves, contain a variety of toxins with pharmacological potential. The xibalbines peptides effectively inhibit potassium channels and activate signaling pathways involved in pain sensitization.
A new brain-mapping neurotechnology called Single Transcriptome Assisted Rabies Tracing (START) has been developed to map the brain's intricate neuronal connections. The technique combines two advanced technologies to resolve cortical connectivity at the resolution of transcriptomic cell types, enabling the identification of distinct p...
A new study reveals how psilocybin alters brain connectivity to alleviate symptoms of body dysmorphic disorder, potentially aiding treatment. Psilocybin strengthens neural connections between executive functions and emotionally salient stimuli, leading to improved BDD symptoms.
A new study confirms that hormonal and biochemical factors affect alcohol dependence in men and women differently, implying the need for sex-specific treatments. Researchers found associations between hormone levels and treatment outcomes, highlighting the importance of considering gender differences in treating alcoholism.
Researchers at ETH Zurich have found an antidepressant, vortioxetine, effective against glioblastomas, a particularly aggressive brain tumor with no cure. The drug's ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and trigger a signalling cascade makes it promising for treating this deadly tumour.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have discovered a way to harness bacteria's natural molecule-building capacities to generate vast libraries of DNA-protein hybrid molecules. This breakthrough enables the creation of precision drugs that can interrupt disease-promoting processes in cells.
A new study in ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science investigates the molecular mechanisms behind Efavirenz's negative effects on brain function. The research reveals that the drug alters lipid metabolism and downregulates certain enzymes, which could lead to the development of new drugs to block its negative activity.
A new study suggests that psychedelics like psilocybin can suppress learned fear responses in individuals with PTSD by altering activity in the amygdala, a key brain region involved in processing fear and anxiety. The findings propose that psychedelic drugs enhance inhibitory signaling from GABAergic interneurons onto excitatory neurons.
Researchers investigated peptide clumping behavior using molecular dynamics simulations and AI techniques. They discovered that aromatic amino acids enhance aggregation, while hydrophilic ones inhibit it, offering insights into peptide structure and function.
Researchers have developed a cost-effective and easily reproducible point-of-care testing device that can accurately measure cortisol levels in the blood. The device uses iridium oxide nanoparticles to improve stability, sensitivity, and selectivity, allowing for commercial use.
Researchers at CNIC discover clonal hematopoiesis as a new cause of atherosclerosis, while identifying the ancient medication colchicine as a potential treatment. Clonal hematopoiesis is linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, with no influence on the progression of mutated blood cells.
A Michigan State University study found that nondeceptive placebos reduced stress, anxiety, and depression in just two weeks, even when participants knew they were taking placebos. The study used remote administration and showed significant benefits with minimal effort.
A new study by Korea University College of Medicine shows that direct-acting antivirals significantly reduce liver-related clinical outcomes and lower the risk of disease progression to cancer or cirrhosis, increasing life expectancy for patients with Hepatitis C. The treatment approach has a high effectiveness rate of 90%.
Scalable telehealth mindfulness-based interventions show promise in treating chronic pain by improving function and reducing symptoms. The low-resource approach could accelerate the adoption of nonpharmacological pain treatment in healthcare systems.
Researchers at UC Davis have developed a new method called CaST to track the activation of brain neurons and biomolecules by psychedelic drugs. The tool allows scientists to study the cellular mechanisms behind psychedelic treatments for brain disorders, such as depression and post-traumatic stress disorder.
Researchers at the University of Houston College of Pharmacy discovered key mechanisms of skeletal muscle regeneration and growth following resistance exercise. Increasing levels of Inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) or X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) in muscle stem cells may improve muscle repair and reduce disease severity.
A study by Dr. Takanori Sekito and colleagues reveals a strong association between vaginal pathogenic Escherichia coli and recurrent cystitis in postmenopausal women, suggesting that targeting both the urinary bladder and vagina is crucial for effective treatment.
Researchers at Mainz University have identified aniquinazolin B, a natural substance from the marine fungus Aspergillus nidulans, which stimulates opioid receptors and could potentially replace opioids in the long term. The compound shows promising results with fewer undesirable reactions compared to opioids.
Researchers discuss the critical role of the retinal pigmented epithelium in human vision and its susceptibility to aging. The study highlights the importance of understanding molecular and cellular mechanisms driving age-related pathological changes in vision decline.
The Texas A&M Center for Environmental Health will promote research in four areas of environmental health, including climate change and health, environment and metabolism, and environmental justice and policy. The center aims to facilitate collaboration between researchers and make funding more accessible for junior faculty.
University of Michigan chemists have discovered a way to use visible light to synthesize monocyclic azetidines, a class of compounds well-suited for pharmaceuticals. The method uses a photocatalyst and overcomes challenges in producing these compounds, which are essential building blocks for therapeutic drugs.
A new study suggests taxing certain antibiotics could help manage the threat of antibiotic resistance in humans. By making narrow-spectrum drugs cheaper and broad-spectrum ones more expensive, GPs may be incentivized to prescribe narrower options.
A University of Houston researcher has made a breakthrough discovery about the development of the heart in the womb, revealing that a certain gene deletion can cause a common type of heart muscle disease called left ventricular non-compaction.
Researchers created nanomicelles containing substances already approved for human use, which reduced inflammation in the tumor microenvironment and facilitated the action of the immune system. The treatment induced a reduction of over five times in tumor volume compared to untreated tumors.
Researchers at UC Davis Health discovered that mesalamine can replace good bacteria's work in fighting Candida albicans in the gut. The study found that mesalamine maintains a low oxygen environment that prevents fungal growth, reducing the risk of invasive candidiasis.
A recent study has identified over 300 distinct types of bacteria in Roman Baths water, including those with antibiotic-producing capabilities. These microorganisms show promise as a potential source of novel natural products to combat antibiotic resistance.
Researchers at Colorado State University have developed a new approach to speed up the development of pharmaceuticals and pesticides. By deconstructing and reassembling common compounds known as heterocycles, scientists can rapidly change their characteristics without extensive synthesis.
A team of researchers at the University of Houston has identified AKAP12 as a promising target for treating heart failure through precision pharmacology. Increased levels of AKAP12 in cardiac myocytes accelerate cardiac dysfunction, but inhibiting PDE8A can reverse this effect and improve contractility.
Scientists have found an effective treatment for spitting cobra snakebites by blocking one of the major dermonecrosis-causing toxins with varespladib. The study suggests that this repurposed drug can prevent tissue damage and may become a valuable treatment against black-necked and red spitting cobra venoms.
Clinical trials show decreased effectiveness of vancomycin in treating C. diff infection, with reduced cure rates and lower sustained clinical responses associated with antimicrobial resistance. The finding poses a significant concern for the management of C. diff infection, with only two recommended antibiotics available.
US pharmaceutical spending surged to $473.12 billion from 2011 to 2020, with diabetic medications accounting for a significant increase. The study found that antidiabetic agents were the most expensive therapeutic area, with Medicare and Medicaid contributing significantly to the costs.
A comprehensive Scandinavian study has found no evidence that popular diabetes medications GLP-1 analogues increase the risk of thyroid cancer. The research analysed data from over 145,000 patients treated with these drugs and compared them to other patient groups.
A new study reveals that home-based palliative care pharmacists can improve medication management and enhance communication between patients and their treating teams. This model of care has been proven successful in rural areas, providing relief and comfort to patients, carers, and family members.
Researchers discovered compounds with untapped therapeutic potential for treating BPH, melanogenesis, and nerve damage. Metformin restored sex hormone homeostasis, epimedin B stimulated pigmentation function, and hydralazine suppressed ferroptosis to aid in axon regeneration.
Researchers identified four weight-gain trajectories and factors associated with rapid or gradual weight gain, including age, sex, ethnicity, and baseline body mass index scores.
Researchers found that chlorogenic acid enhances osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, while inhibiting RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. Administration of chlorogenic acid antagonizes ovariectomized-induced bone loss in rats.
Researchers at Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University developed a new method that enables the efficient production of cysteine-rich peptides and microproteins in their naturally folded 3D structure. The approach uses organic solvents to mimic nature's oxidative folding process, resulting in speeds of over 100,000 times faster than aqueous...
Researchers have discovered a new immunotherapy approach to overcome resistant leukemia by targeting the mutated TP53 gene. Combining pharmacological therapies with genetically engineered CAR T-cells increases effectiveness against cancer cells, offering promising strategies for patients with resistant disease.
Researchers propose combining osimertinib with gefitinib to increase progression-free survival rates in EGFR-mutant lung cancer patients. A comprehensive PC approach could dramatically boost PFS for 80% of patients, eliminating harm and improving treatment outcomes.
Researchers have developed nanoparticles that can inactivate multiple strains of the SARS-CoV-2 virus by targeting its twist in the spike protein. These particles show promise as a complementary treatment for COVID-19 when vaccines and other treatments are ineffective, particularly against vulnerable populations.
The study reveals that certain dyes can release more radicals than others, leading to increased energy efficiency and speed in photochemical reactions. By slowing down a reverse reaction, radicals are given more time to leave a solvent cage, resulting in up to ten times higher energy efficiency.
A new international study led by UNSW Sydney found no increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders and learning difficulties after exposure to antipsychotics during pregnancy. The study tracked the long-term risk of intellectual disability, poor academic performance in maths and language, or learning, speech and language disorders.
A large observational study of 148,000 individuals with ADHD found that initial dispensation of ADHD medication was associated with lower all-cause and unnatural-cause mortality. The association with natural-cause mortality was not significant in this study.
Researchers have made a breakthrough in developing genetic treatments for hereditary conditions like cystic fibrosis and inherited vision loss. They created a new type of lipid nanoparticle, called Thio-lipids, that can deliver therapeutic payloads to the lungs and retina.
Scientists have developed a new way to alter the DNA of bacterial cells using high-frequency radio waves, outperforming traditional industry techniques. The process shows high efficiency and gentleness, with 91% of E. coli cells taking on the DNA after just three minutes.