Articles tagged with B Lymphocytes
Researchers at the Babraham Institute have discovered that the 3D organisation of DNA in B cells allows for genes far away from each other to come together during antibody generation. This finding has implications for understanding why antibody diversity declines with age and suggests potential interventions.
Researchers found that Epstein-Barr virus induces B cell growth transformation through the activation of the cancer-related gene IMPDH2, leading to uncontrolled proliferation. The study used primary B cells and found that inhibiting IMPDH2 can suppress post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) development.
A new study reveals that breast milk contains a unique set of antibodies passed from mom to baby, which can vary significantly between mothers. This variability may explain why some infants develop life-threatening diseases like NEC, while others do not.
Researchers investigate MCL-1i-induced Mcl-1 protein accumulation and its implications in B-cell malignancies. The study reveals a complex mechanism contributing to MCL-1 protein stability upon treatment with MCL-1 inhibitors.
Researchers discovered a protein, C/EBPα, that accelerates B lymphocyte-to-macrophage conversion by interacting with PU.1. This epigenetic mechanism may be targeted for cancer research and treatment.
Scientists found that CXCL13-mediated recruitment of B cells helps predict response to immunotherapy treatment. This cooperation between T cells and B cells is associated with improved survival in patients treated with immunotherapy.
A team of researchers identified TIM-1 as a key player in regulating anti-tumor immunity in melanoma. By targeting TIM-1, the immune system can activate killer T cells to inhibit tumor growth. The study's findings have significant implications for developing new cancer therapies.
Researchers have developed an automated calling algorithm for determining B and T cell clonality from NGS data with greater sensitivity than previous models. The new model increases the assay's sensitivity in detecting clonality, allowing for more accurate diagnosis and monitoring of lymphoproliferative disorders.
Researchers found that remnants of ancient retroviruses in the human genome can be targeted by antibodies to improve lung cancer treatment. The study suggests that boosting antibody responses could help predict patient response to immunotherapy and lead to improved outcomes.
Research reveals that immune cells employ tactile sensing and mechanical force to advance their evolution, enhancing antigen recognition and memory diversity. This active process allows the immune system to adapt to new challenges while being plastic and adaptive against future threats.
Scientists create B cell organoids to screen conjugate vaccine candidates, identifying antigen-specific antibodies with potential applications. The platform accelerates testing throughput, offering insights into the immune response to vaccines.
A recent study led by Children's Hospital of Philadelphia identifies two different regulatory T cell populations, one related to autoimmunity and the other to protective immunity. The findings could pave the way for new treatments that target the immune system selectively.
A study by Linköping University researchers found that blood stem cells from leukemia patients remain in the bone marrow, but become defective over time, leading to long-term effects on blood formation. This discovery may explain why many leukemia survivors experience blood cell function disorders later in life.
A protein called PI3K plays a crucial role in immune cell function, and genetic variations disrupting its signalling have been identified as the root cause of two immunodeficiency disorders. The study reveals how minor disruptions in immune cell signalling can lead to immune deficiency or dysfunction.
Two novel genetically defined mouse models replicate two subtypes of human multiple myeloma, revealing the interaction of genetic aberrations as a key factor in development. The models will aid in identifying specific therapeutic strategies for individualized treatment.
Researchers tracked the lifecycle and function of tingible body macrophages, specialized cells that clean up the immune system's waste, in a significant breakthrough. The study sheds light on autoimmune disorders like lupus by understanding the role of these cells in triggering autoimmunity.
A new Northwestern University study suggests that COVID-19 boosters may be less effective due to pre-existing antibodies from initial vaccinations. The study found that these antibodies can rapidly clear the booster from the body, limiting its efficacy. Increasing time between vaccinations is also beneficial for the immune response.
A new subset of B lymphocytes has been found to play a crucial role in promoting the clearance of microbes by enhancing the production of innate immune cells. The discovery highlights the importance of adaptive immune cells in responding to infections and could lead to new strategies for combating serious diseases.
Researchers report an updated analysis from a phase I study of mivavotinib, a spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell lymphoma. The study showed a 45% overall response rate and median duration of response of 28.1 months in the overall cohort.
A new study provides evidence on when OAS occurs and how it impacts seasonal vaccines and booster shots. The findings suggest that boosting against a new strain can be effective if the new strain is sufficiently different from the previous one.
A new study found that the antibody-drug conjugate STRO-001 showed nanomolar cytotoxicity in 88% of cancer cell lines tested, with potent efficacy against proliferating B cells. The research supports ongoing clinical studies for patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
A new study reveals that high-affinity B cells trigger a change in the criteria for admission to germinal centers, allowing low-affinity B cells to join, increasing the diversity of the immune response. This process is crucial for fighting off viruses like SARS-CoV-2 but may hinder efforts against HIV.
A new study found that measuring activation of immune-system B cells may be better than measuring either T-cell activation or total number of immune cells in and around a tumor. The findings suggest that six signatures of immune cell gene activation from B cells were associated with higher elimination rates and better survival outcomes.
Researchers describe results using cladribine-based combination epigenetic and immunotherapy in MCL, achieving an increased overall survival greater than 40 months with durable remissions without relapse for longer than 5 years. The approach is promising in the treatment of MCL and potentially other previously treatment-refractory canc...
Researchers found an imbalance in an important immune system signaling pathway associated with severe COVID-19. They detected dysregulation of the immune system mediated by ATP, leading to a pro-inflammatory state and potentially fatal systemic inflammation.
A new study analyzed tumor biopsies from patients with newly-diagnosed germinal center B cell lymphoma and found that CREBBP mutations were associated with lower disease-free survival rates. The researchers identified CLMA as a practical tool to translate experimental findings into clinical applications.
Scientists have elucidated the exact molecular structure of an IgM-type B cell receptor, revealing its asymmetrical complex with signaling subunits. The discovery provides insights into how the receptor interacts with other molecules and could lead to a better understanding of vaccine development and lymphoma formation.
Researchers at UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center have found a way to overcome barriers limiting cancer immunotherapies. They discovered that activating the STING protein can increase regulatory B cells, which suppress anti-cancer immunity.
The NCCN Annual Congress on Hematologic Malignancies will address key findings on chronic lymphocytic leukemia management and CAR T-cells in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The event also features updates on immunotherapies in multiple myeloma treatment.
Researchers found that a 'slow delivery, escalating dose' vaccination strategy can prompt B cells to spend months mutating and evolving their antibodies, leading to more effective long-lasting vaccines. This breakthrough has implications for vaccines against pathogens like influenza, malaria, and SARS-CoV-2.
A study by researchers at Linköping University suggests that severe COVID-19 infection has long-lasting negative effects on the immune system. The results showed that patients developed antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 within 2-3 weeks of symptoms, which then started to fall after six months.
Researchers have identified two effective antibodies that neutralize all known strains of COVID-19, including Delta and Omicron variants. These breakthrough antibodies could eliminate the need for repeated booster vaccinations and strengthen immune systems, especially in at-risk populations.
A study at Tulane University found that recently formed stroke plaques contain messenger RNA that causes inflammation and degrades a protective cap, leading to rupture. This discovery could lead to new tools to stop strokes from happening and develop new drugs or diagnostics to prevent heart attacks and strokes.
Researchers create CDyB, a fluorescent probe that targets SLC35C2 transporter in B cells, allowing for live-cell distinction from T cells. The study enriches the molecular probe toolbox and opens possibilities for multi-dimensional cell analysis.
Researchers have developed a novel COVID-19 vaccine based on altered plasmid DNA that effectively blocks cell infection across all tested variants. The vaccine targets a specific vulnerability in the SARS-CoV-2 virus's spike protein, inducing a focused antibody response.
The University of Houston research team has successfully developed a method for 3D printing organic semiconductor devices using multiphoton lithography, enabling the creation of highly conductive microstructures. The technology has potential applications in emerging fields such as nanoelectronics and bioelectronics.
A new study from Tel Aviv University developed a unique treatment for AIDS that may be developed into a vaccine or a one time treatment. The treatment involves engineering type B white blood cells to secrete anti-HIV antibodies in response to the virus.
Researchers from Arizona State University investigate autoantibodies in healthy individuals, revealing their pervasiveness and role in human health and disease. The findings aim to improve diagnostics and therapeutics for a range of illnesses.
A study by Weill Cornell Medicine investigators has revealed the cause and potential precision therapies for a type of aggressive blood cancer called diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The research found that SETD2 gene mutations can lead to an accumulation of DNA damage, causing cancer cells to grow uncontrollably.
Researchers at Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology have developed a new bioinformatics pipeline, CRESSP, to investigate the mechanism underlying autoimmune diseases following SARS-CoV-2 infection. The tool identified potential epitopes responsible for COVID-related autoimmune diseases and predicted cross-reactive epitopes of di...
Researchers found that COPD leads to premature senescence of the immune system, reducing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. This disruption impairs the immune system, making COPD patients more susceptible to infections.
Researchers found that MS patients treated with Rituximab who have higher B cell counts of 40/µL or more develop protective levels of antibodies after vaccination. This suggests that measuring B cell level before vaccination is crucial for increasing the chance of a positive response.
A new peptide-based vaccine, CoVac-1, has been shown to induce a T cell-dependent response in 93% of patients with B-cell deficiencies, including those with leukemia and lymphoma. The vaccine's T cell immunity exceeds that of individuals without immune deficiency or those who have received standard COVID-19 vaccines.
A team led by Reshmi Parameswaran at University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center has developed a novel approach to chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy for B-cell cancers, which triples the targeted antigens on cancer cells. The new BAFF CART product is effective in killing multiple B-cell cancers with minimal side effects.
Patients under immunosuppressive therapy have increased risk of severe COVID-19 disease courses if they don't respond to primary vaccination. A recent study found that a third booster vaccination is safe and effective in these patients, who were initially unable to produce antibodies after vaccination.
Researchers discovered that IgA and IgG antibodies regulate immune responses against endometrial cancer, improving outcomes when tumor cells express the antibody receptor pIgR. The study suggests new therapies targeting B cells or combinations with T-cell immunotherapies for enhanced efficacy.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center have identified the molecular and cellular mechanisms that control the formation of tertiary lymphoid structures within tumors. These structures contain immune cells and can promote anti-tumor activity when Tfh cells are introduced, leading to improved outcomes in patients with certain types of cancer.
Researchers discovered that aberrant splicing of CD22 mRNA leads to decreased protein expression in pediatric B-lymphoblastic leukemia cells. This results in resistance to CD22-directed immunotherapies, making it challenging for oncologists to identify patients who may not respond to these treatments.
Scientists at La Jolla Institute for Immunology have discovered a link between TET enzyme deficiency and the formation of unusual DNA structures, such as G-quadruplexes and R-loops, which contribute to genomic instability. The study suggests that regulating these structures may be key to controlling cancer development.
Scientists at La Jolla Institute for Immunology and MIT have discovered a new adjuvant called SMNP, which combines saponin and TLR agonist to boost the protective power of vaccines. The study found that SMNP triggers a strong immune response in mice, promoting lymphatic drainage and activating multiple parts of the immune system.
Researchers found that adding a specific bacterium to the gut microbiome of mice with colon cancer increased immune cell activity and reduced tumor size. The study suggests leveraging gut microbiota to enhance anti-tumor immunity in advanced colon cancer, offering a promising new approach for treatment.
Researchers used next-generation DNA sequencing to detect residual disease in patients treated with CAR-T therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The study found that DNA sequencing was more sensitive and accurate than flow cytometry in predicting relapse, enabling earlier intervention.
Researchers at the University of Toronto have identified FAM72A as a crucial gene in antibody development, enabling high-quality antibodies by facilitating AID's effect. The findings also suggest that increased levels of FAM72A could spur cancer development and progression.
A study found that younger B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma survivors are at a higher risk of developing age-related diseases, including renal failure, pneumonia, and nutritional deficiencies. The research suggests that aggressive treatment regimens may be the underlying factor contributing to this increased risk.
Researchers will focus on understanding the disease, identifying B cell characteristics and plasma cells that create attacking antibodies. The study aims to enhance knowledge of SLE pathogenesis and differences in clinical manifestations, outcomes, and therapeutic responses.
A study by Weill Cornell Medicine identified Oct2 as the key determinant of B-cell humoral immune response, suggesting that the destiny of antibody-producing cells is predetermined. This discovery may lead to new insights into tissue development and cancer development.
Researchers found large numbers of B cells and their immature progenitors in the outer layer of the meninges, a surprising discovery that suggests these cells play a special immune system function there. The study used single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze the genes active in each individual cell and confirmed the finding in human tissue.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet discovered that B cells choose between cell fates to balance acute and memory responses. This understanding could optimize vaccines against viruses or other pathogens.
Studies on mice and septic patients show that a specific B lymphocyte subpopulation produces large amounts of CD39, leading to increased adenosine levels and reduced macrophage activity. This results in heightened susceptibility to opportunistic infections, with survivors experiencing a sevenfold higher risk of severe infections.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki discovered a potential contributing mechanism to kidney dysfunction in acute hantavirus infection by investigating the body's response to the virus. Elevated levels of free light chains were found to be associated with kidney problems and may play a role in other infectious diseases.