Articles tagged with B Lymphocytes
Researchers identified a link between B cell activity and immunotherapy-related colitis, a common side effect of cancer treatments. Higher B cell levels before treatment were associated with increased colitis risk, and depleting B cells reduced colitis severity.
Christopher Goodnow's work challenged the concept of complete clonal deletion, revealing self-reactive B cells' ability to acquire self-tolerance and potentially cause autoimmune disease. His research discovered that these cells are essential for immune function and can be converted into functional B cells through 'clonal redemption'.
A team of researchers from the University of Osaka found that cells producing IgG1 antibodies have advantages over those producing IgM antibodies, including better antigen presentation, survival, and bone marrow migration. These advantages may lead to long-term immune protection and inform the development of more effective vaccines.
Researchers have identified a subset of B cells known as atypical memory cells as the primary precursors of autoantibody-producing cells during SARS-CoV-2 infection. These cells adopt a markedly different biological program, leading to increased autoantibody production. The study provides new insight into how viral infections can trigg...
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine discovered that a protein called BRG1 helps protect cells from ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death triggered by BTK inhibitors. This finding reveals a potential new therapeutic vulnerability to overcome drug resistance and extend treatment benefits for patients with B-cell cancers.
Two studies led by Montserrat Anguera investigate the process of X chromosome inactivation in immune cells and link impaired XCI maintenance to lupus-like disease. Impaired X chromosome inactivation in B cells has been linked to lupus, offering a novel pathogenic mechanism that accounts for the strong female sex bias of SLE.
Researchers at Tohoku University have discovered a previously unknown pathway for B-cell development in chickens, bypassing the bursa of Fabricius. The discovery reveals that B cells originate in the bone marrow and migrate to the cecal tonsils, establishing an IgA-mediated intestinal barrier.
A team of researchers at Kyoto University has reconstructed the family tree of blood cells over a 700-million-year span, revealing their evolutionary history. They found that early blood cells emerged around the same time as multicellular animals and were macrophage-like.
Researchers at La Jolla Institute for Immunology discovered that FluMist can trigger an immune response directly in nasal tissue, training immune cells to recognize and fight influenza virus infection. This response stays in the upper airways and cannot be detected via blood samples.
Hodgkin lymphoma cells are immune cells stuck in an 'identity crisis,' unable to mature into functional plasma cells. The team discovered that these cells downregulate key B cell features and upregulate proteins to make them more like plasma cells, but not completely functioning as such.
Scientists used CAR-T cell therapy to treat a patient with severe autoimmune hemolytic anemia, immune thrombocytopenia, and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. The treatment achieved lasting remission without additional treatment for over a year.
Researchers found that NUTM1 rearranged leukemia is distinct from other forms, with decreased DNA methylation and increased lifespan of blood cells. Leukemias with BRD9-NUTM1 fusion are extremely sensitive to chemotherapy, leading to improved clinical outcomes.
A new $1.7 million NIH grant will support Carol Webb's research on the protein ARID3a and its role in lupus development and treatment. The study aims to identify genes controlled by ARID3a, understand how it disrupts the immune system, and test potential treatments.
Researchers found that people experiencing everyday discrimination have elevated levels of "exhausted" white blood cells, indicating chronic stress may hamper the immune system. This study suggests social experiences like discrimination shape immune health at the cellular level and contribute to biological aging.
Research reveals molecular interaction between environmental and genetic risk factors triggers MS. EBV and gene variants HLA-DR15 haplotype play key roles in disease onset.
Huimin Zhang, a UC Riverside assistant professor, has received a $150,000 grant to study the role of HELIOS in epigenetic regulation of T cell aging and TFH cell differentiation. Her research aims to understand how aging affects the immune system and develop new vaccines and therapies to restore immune vitality in older adults.
Australian scientists have discovered how T follicular helper cells tailor their behavior to different infections, paving the way for improved vaccine design and targeted therapies. The study sheds light on a molecular 'instruction manual' guiding antibody production and long-term immunity.
Researchers at Penn State College of Medicine discovered a new function of antibody-making B cells in response to flu infection. These cells produce a key signaling molecule called interleukin-1 beta, which is necessary for developing a robust immune response and forming optimal germinal centers.
A new DNA-based blood test using PhasED-Seq technology detects minimal residual disease (MRD) in B-cell malignancies, offering a powerful tool for early detection and monitoring treatment response. The assay demonstrates exceptional performance and high accuracy in detecting cancer cells in the bloodstream.
Neuro-immunologist Stephen Hauser has won the 2025 Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences for his role in identifying the immune system's primary driver of damage to nerve cells in multiple sclerosis. His B-cell theory has led to the development of therapies that have transformed treatment, reducing relapses and improving prognosis.
Dr. Amit Bar-Or is awarded the 2025 John Dystel Prize for his contributions to neuroimmunology and precision medicine in multiple sclerosis research. His work has led to significant advancements in disease mechanisms, treatment approaches, and biomarker studies.
A study by Rockefeller University reveals that germinal centers suppress mutation during rapid proliferation and resume it after expansion, enabling efficient antibody production. This discovery may have broader implications for vaccine design and immune therapies.
Researchers have discovered that high-affinity B cells can avoid degrading functional antibodies by 'banking' successful mutations and 'cloning' advantageous traits. This mechanism may lead to the development of more effective vaccines against pathogens like HIV, which constantly mutates and hides key targets.
Researchers from Osaka University found that selenoproteins are essential for counteracting lipid peroxides and maintaining hematopoiesis in human cells. The study also showed that dietary Vitamin E can protect hematopoiesis and repair impaired B cell differentiation, providing potential strategies for fighting age-related diseases.
Researchers at Garvan Institute of Medical Research discovered how chronic hepatitis C infection leads to autoimmune disease by identifying 'rogue clone' B cells with harmful autoantibodies. The study found that a triad of genetic mutations is required for the autoimmune disease to develop, opening new paths for treatments.
Researchers developed a new super-resolution microscopic method to investigate the interactions of therapeutic antibodies with target molecules on tumour cells. The study reveals that all four antibodies crosslink CD20 molecules independently of type I or II classification, and that B cells take on a hedgehog shape after treatment.
The University of Surrey's research focuses on targeting mutated pathways with new drugs to treat rare conditions like immunodeficiencies. The team discovered that mTOR inhibitors can help restore normal B cell function.
A USC Stem Cell mouse study identifies a small subset of blood stem cells as the primary driver of immune aging. The researchers found that this subset overproduces innate immune cells, leading to an age-associated imbalance and increased disease risk. By targeting this subset, the study suggests a potential therapy to delay immune agi...
Researchers discover a molecular mechanism controlling PAX5, key regulator of B-cell maturation. Increasing SIRT7 activity may boost PAX5 levels in leukemic cells, inducing cell death.
Pro-B cells, a stage in B cell development, exhibit unusual plasticity when YY1 is knocked out. This enables them to generate T lineage cells, which help B cells produce antibodies. The study published in Genes & Development reveals the potential for regenerative medicine applications.
Researchers at IGTP have discovered a specific cellular pattern in regulatory B cells to monitor kidney transplant patients. This signature can help identify low-risk patients who may benefit from reduced immunosuppression and those at high risk who require closer monitoring.
Researchers at MIT found that a two-dose schedule for an HIV vaccine can generate a strong response to the virus, outperforming a traditional seven-dose regimen. The first dose primes the immune system, helping it to produce antibodies more effectively when a larger dose is administered one week later.
Scientists identified two distinct patterns of B cell abnormalities, TiBA-0, TiBA-1, and TiBA-2, which are linked to an immunosuppressive effect and poorer treatment response. These biomarkers can be detected through a simple blood draw, enabling potential stratification of patients and personalized treatment.
A Mayo Clinic study found that people with monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL) have a 92% elevated risk of developing melanoma. MBL is a precursor to chronic lymphocytic leukemia and also increases the risk of cancers originating in the lymphatic system and serious infections.
A team of researchers from Osaka University has pinpointed the B cells responsible for boosting COVID-19 immunity after vaccination. They found that activated atypical B cells are the main responders to mRNA vaccines, providing a new way to assess vaccine response and underlying biology.
Scientists discovered that T follicular helper cells indirectly control the anti-influenza response, leading to less effective immunity. The study found that the current flu vaccine formulation could be improved by excluding internal proteins and targeting surface proteins.
Researchers at the Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center discovered a new treatment approach that improved survival rates for patients with B-cell precursor leukemia by nearly 60%. The study found that adding blinatumomab to chemotherapy reduced the risk of leukemia recurrence and death.
The E1910 trial demonstrated a significant survival advantage with blinatumomab immunotherapy, improving overall and relapse-free survival in patients with BCR::ABL1-negative B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. This finding contributed to the recent FDA approval of blinatumomab for these patients.
Scientists from Hackensack Meridian Health have identified a new potential pathway for developing vaccines against tuberculosis by targeting marginal zone B (MZB) cells, a natural response to TB infection. The discovery suggests that boosting MZB cell activity could provide reliable and durable protection against the disease.
Patients with 18q deletion syndrome exhibit both cellular and humoral immunodeficiency, characterized by low immunoglobulin levels and impaired T-cell function. Regular testing for both cellular and humoral immunity can allow for early detection of combined immune deficiencies and improve clinical outcomes.
A study published in PNAS reveals that ETV5 enhances the expression of osteopontin, leading to the differentiation of T cells into follicular helper cells. In SLE patients, disease activity is proportional to ETV5 and osteopontin levels, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for treating lupus.
A Kobe University study finds that a new treatment for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder shifts the balance of immune cells, increasing anti-inflammatory signals. The discovery may enable clinicians to determine treatment effectiveness and move towards personalized medicine for autoimmune diseases.
Researchers have discovered that metabolism plays a crucial role in the balance between T and B cells, leading to autoimmune diseases. The study suggests that targeting the interaction between immune cells and metabolism could lead to more effective treatments for conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and lupus.
Researchers discovered how Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-infected B cells contribute to multiple sclerosis (MS) inflammation and disease. A new treatment strategy targeting these problematic cells may offer a selectively cytotoxic approach to MS therapy.
Researchers at La Jolla Institute for Immunology found that people who experienced breakthrough COVID-19 infections develop T cells better equipped to recognize and target SARS-CoV-2. The study also discovered that B cells produce more diverse antibodies targeting common epitopes between the vaccine and variants.
Researchers found that abnormally active B cell metabolism causes an inflammatory immune response in individuals with Multiple Sclerosis (MS), leading to nerve damage and symptoms. Emerging BTK inhibitors alter this abnormal B cell respiration, stopping the signaling that leads to MS flare-ups.
Researchers have identified CAR-T cell therapy as a potential treatment for autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, SLE, and type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Early studies have shown promising results in reducing disease activity and improving patients' quality of life, but long-term data on safety and efficacy is limited.
Researchers developed novel therapeutic bispecific antibodies targeting IgM and B-cell surface antigens, which directly inhibited cell proliferation via cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in vitro. These findings suggest that anti-IgM/B-cell surface antigen-binding specific antibodies are promising therapeutic agents for B-cell malignancies.
Researchers at UC Riverside demonstrate a new vaccine strategy targeting a common viral genome part, eliminating the need for annual booster shots. The vaccine uses small RNA molecules to boost the immune system, making it safe for babies and those with weakened immunity.
Australian researchers have identified a previously unknown immune B memory cell that fails to produce high levels of antibodies against persistent infections. The discovery may lead to earlier intervention and prevention of chronic viral infections like HIV or hepatitis.
A large cohort study found that longer durations of exclusive breastfeeding were associated with a lower risk of childhood B-cell precursor-acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The study's results suggest potential biologic mechanisms underlying this association and inform the need for further research on preemptive interventions.
A recent literature review discusses the underlying mechanisms of type 2 diabetes, including insulin resistance and b-cell failure. The review also explores potential therapeutic strategies, such as replenishing and regenerating b-cells, pancreas transplants, and stem cell-derived b-cells.
Researchers have discovered a previously unknown mechanism behind immune tolerance, where B cells teach T cells to ignore the body's own proteins. This failure can lead to autoimmune diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis-like Neuromyelitis optica.
Researchers develop a new strategy to make CAR T cell therapy more effective and safer by targeting multiple surface proteins on malignant tumour cells. The approach shows promise in fighting cancer cells while sparing healthy B lymphocytes.
The study evaluated the effectiveness of ruxolitinib in treating relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Researchers found that ruxolitinib inhibited JAK signaling, leading to enhanced anti-tumor effects and improved patient outcomes.
A recent study published in Lancet Microbe suggests that immunocompromised patients are at higher risk for COVID infections, but prolonged infections lasting weeks to months are uncommon. The study found that specific conditions, such as B-cell cancers and autoimmune diseases, increase the risk of prolonged infections.
Researchers found that vaccinated B cell-deficient individuals have a robust T cell response to SARS-CoV-2, despite lack of anti-spike antibodies, resulting in markedly reduced rates of hospitalization and severe COVID-19. This study provides reassuring evidence for immunocompromised patients to get vaccinated.
A comprehensive review of targeted therapies for lupus nephritis discusses the challenges of current treatments and proposes strategies to overcome obstacles. Recent advancements in B-cell targeting and alternative approaches such as CAR-T cells are highlighted.
Researchers found that BCMA-positive extracellular vesicles (EVs) in plasma levels correlated with myeloma patient responses to belantamab-mafodotin therapy. High EV levels preceded FLC progression and were associated with mafodotin-induced eryptosis.
A new method developed at Karolinska Institutet can identify unique immune cell receptors and their location in human tissue. This breakthrough could lead to the development of novel therapies for diseases such as cancer and autoimmune disorders, by pinpointing the specific immune cells responsible.